95 research outputs found
Study of the Fabrication Process for a Dual Mass Tuning Fork Gyro
AbstractThe fabrication process of a dual mass tuning for gyroscope presents many different challenges: the aspect ratio of the sidewalls, the Aspect Ratio Dependent Etch (ARDE) which causes different gaps to be etched in different etching time [1], the stiction during the release of the free structures, the notching effect that occurs with a dielectric etch stop layer [2], the thermal contact during the etch process. In this paper are presented different processes and studies of the etching characteristics in order to avoid or minimize these problems
Intracultural diversity in a model of social dynamics
We study the consequences of introducing individual nonconformity in social
interactions, based on Axelrod's model for the dissemination of culture. A
constraint on the number of situations in which interaction may take place is
introduced in order to lift the unavoidable ho mogeneity present in the final
configurations arising in Axelrod's related models. The inclusion of this
constraint leads to the occurrence of complex patterns of intracultural
diversity whose statistical properties and spatial distribution are
characterized by means of the concepts of cultural affinity and cultural cli
ne. It is found that the relevant quantity that determines the properties of
intracultural diversity is given by the fraction of cultural features that
characterizes the cultural nonconformity of individuals.Comment: 7 pages, 2 tables, 6 figure
Observation of breather-like states in a single Josephson cell
We present experimental observation of broken-symmetry states in a
superconducting loop with three Josephson junctions. These states are generic
for discrete breathers in Josephson ladders. The existence region of the
breather-like states is found to be in good accordance with the theoretical
expectations. We observed three different resonant states in the
current-voltage characteristics of the broken-symmetry state, as predicted by
theory. The experimental dependence of the resonances on the external magnetic
field is studied in detail.Comment: 7 pages, 8 figure
Coevolution of Glauber-like Ising dynamics on typical networks
We consider coevolution of site status and link structures from two different
initial networks: a one dimensional Ising chain and a scale free network. The
dynamics is governed by a preassigned stability parameter , and a rewiring
factor , that determines whether the Ising spin at the chosen site flips
or whether the node gets rewired to another node in the system. This dynamics
has also been studied with Ising spins distributed randomly among nodes which
lie on a network with preferential attachment. We have observed the steady
state average stability and magnetisation for both kinds of systems to have an
idea about the effect of initial network topology. Although the average
stability shows almost similar behaviour, the magnetisation depends on the
initial condition we start from. Apart from the local dynamics, the global
effect on the dynamics has also been studied. These parameters show interesting
variations for different values of and , which helps in determining
the steady-state condition for a given substrate.Comment: 8 pages, 10 figure
Extensive Sheep and Goat Production: The Role of Novel Technologies towards Sustainability and Animal Welfare
ReviewSheep and goat extensive production systems are very important in the context of global
food security and the use of rangelands that have no alternative agricultural use. In such systems,
there are enormous challenges to address. These include, for instance, classical production issues, such
as nutrition or reproduction, as well as carbon-efficient systems within the climate-change context.
An adequate response to these issues is determinant to economic and environmental sustainability.
The answers to such problems need to combine efficiently not only the classical production aspects,
but also the increasingly important health, welfare, and environmental aspects in an integrated fashion. The purpose of the study was to review the application of technological developments,
in addition to remote-sensing in tandem with other state-of-the-art techniques that could be used
within the framework of extensive production systems of sheep and goats and their impact on
nutrition, production, and ultimately, the welfare of these species. In addition to precision livestock
farming (PLF), these include other relevant technologies, namely omics and other areas of relevance
in small-ruminant extensive production: heat stress, colostrum intake, passive immunity, newborn
survival, biomarkers of metabolic disease diagnosis, and parasite resistance breeding. This work
shows the substantial, dynamic nature of the scientific community to contribute to solutions that
make extensive production systems of sheep and goats more sustainable, efficient, and aligned with
current concerns with the environment and welfareinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio
Exploring cosmic origins with CORE: the instrument
We describe a space-borne, multi-band, multi-beam polarimeter aiming at a precise and accurate measurement of the polarization of the Cosmic Microwave Background. The instrument is optimized to be compatible with the strict budget requirements of a medium-size space mission within the Cosmic Vision Programme of the European Space Agency. The instrument has no moving parts, and uses arrays of diffraction-limited Kinetic Inductance Detectors to cover the frequency range from 60 GHz to 600 GHz in 19 wide bands, in the focal plane of a 1.2 m aperture telescope cooled at 40 K, allowing for an accurate extraction of the CMB signal from polarized foreground emission. The projected CMB polarization survey sensitivity of this instrument, after foregrounds removal, is 1.7 {\mu}Kâ
arcmin. The design is robust enough to allow, if needed, a downscoped version of the instrument covering the 100 GHz to 600 GHz range with a 0.8 m aperture telescope cooled at 85 K, with a projected CMB polarization survey sensitivity of 3.2 {\mu}Kâ
arcmin
Recovery of dialysis patients with COVID-19 : health outcomes 3 months after diagnosis in ERACODA
Background. Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)-related short-term mortality is high in dialysis patients, but longer-term outcomes are largely unknown. We therefore assessed patient recovery in a large cohort of dialysis patients 3 months after their COVID-19 diagnosis. Methods. We analyzed data on dialysis patients diagnosed with COVID-19 from 1 February 2020 to 31 March 2021 from the European Renal Association COVID-19 Database (ERACODA). The outcomes studied were patient survival, residence and functional and mental health status (estimated by their treating physician) 3 months after COVID-19 diagnosis. Complete follow-up data were available for 854 surviving patients. Patient characteristics associated with recovery were analyzed using logistic regression. Results. In 2449 hemodialysis patients (mean ± SD age 67.5 ± 14.4 years, 62% male), survival probabilities at 3 months after COVID-19 diagnosis were 90% for nonhospitalized patients (n = 1087), 73% for patients admitted to the hospital but not to an intensive care unit (ICU) (n = 1165) and 40% for those admitted to an ICU (n = 197). Patient survival hardly decreased between 28 days and 3 months after COVID-19 diagnosis. At 3 months, 87% functioned at their pre-existent functional and 94% at their pre-existent mental level. Only few of the surviving patients were still admitted to the hospital (0.8-6.3%) or a nursing home (âŒ5%). A higher age and frailty score at presentation and ICU admission were associated with worse functional outcome. Conclusions. Mortality between 28 days and 3 months after COVID-19 diagnosis was low and the majority of patients who survived COVID-19 recovered to their pre-existent functional and mental health level at 3 months after diagnosis
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The European Solar Telescope
The European Solar Telescope (EST) is a project aimed at studying the magnetic connectivity of the solar atmosphere, from the deep photosphere to the upper chromosphere. Its design combines the knowledge and expertise gathered by the European solar physics community during the construction and operation of state-of-the-art solar telescopes operating in visible and near-infrared wavelengths: the Swedish 1m Solar Telescope, the German Vacuum Tower Telescope and GREGOR, the French TĂ©lescope HĂ©liographique pour l'Ătude du MagnĂ©tisme et des InstabilitĂ©s Solaires, and the Dutch Open Telescope. With its 4.2 m primary mirror and an open configuration, EST will become the most powerful European ground-based facility to study the Sun in the coming decades in the visible and near-infrared bands. EST uses the most innovative technological advances: the first adaptive secondary mirror ever used in a solar telescope, a complex multi-conjugate adaptive optics with deformable mirrors that form part of the optical design in a natural way, a polarimetrically compensated telescope design that eliminates the complex temporal variation and wavelength dependence of the telescope Mueller matrix, and an instrument suite containing several (etalon-based) tunable imaging spectropolarimeters and several integral field unit spectropolarimeters. This publication summarises some fundamental science questions that can be addressed with the telescope, together with a complete description of its major subsystems
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