Determinação da erosividade das chuvas nos municípios de Ijuí e São Borja, RS, no periodo 1982-1991

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Phyllosticta citricarpa and sister species of global importance to Citrus.

Several Phyllosticta species are known as pathogens of Citrus spp., and are responsible for various disease symptoms including leaf and fruit spots. One of the most important species is P. citricarpa, which causes a foliar and fruit disease called citrus black spot. The Phyllosticta species occurring on citrus can most effectively be distinguished from P. citricarpa by means of multilocus DNA sequence data. Recent studies also demonstrated P. citricarpa to be heterothallic, and reported successful mating in the laboratory. Since the domestication of citrus, different clones of P. citricarpa have escaped Asia to other continents via trade routes, with obvious disease management consequences. This pathogen profile represents a comprehensive literature review of this pathogen and allied taxa associated with citrus, focusing on identification, distribution, genomics, epidemiology and disease management. This review also considers the knowledge emerging from seven genomes of Phyllosticta spp., demonstrating unknown aspects of these species, including their mating behaviour.TaxonomyPhyllosticta citricarpa (McAlpine) Aa, 1973. Kingdom Fungi, Phylum Ascomycota, Class Dothideomycetes, Order Botryosphaeriales, Family Phyllostictaceae, Genus Phyllosticta, Species citricarpa.Host rangeConfirmed on more than 12 Citrus species, Phyllosticta citricarpa has only been found on plant species in the Rutaceae.Disease symptomsP. citricarpa causes diverse symptoms such as hard spot, virulent spot, false melanose and freckle spot on fruit, and necrotic lesions on leaves and twigs.Useful websitesDOE Joint Genome Institute MycoCosm portals for the Phyllosticta capitalensis (https://genome.jgi.doe.gov/Phycap1), P. citriasiana (https://genome.jgi.doe.gov/Phycit1), P. citribraziliensis (https://genome.jgi.doe.gov/Phcit1), P. citrichinaensis (https://genome.jgi.doe.gov/Phcitr1), P. citricarpa (https://genome.jgi.doe.gov/Phycitr1, https://genome.jgi.doe.gov/Phycpc1), P. paracitricarpa (https://genome.jgi.doe.gov/Phy27169) genomes. All available Phyllosticta genomes on MycoCosm can be viewed at https://genome.jgi.doe.gov/Phyllosticta

Supercritical carbon dioxide technology: A promising technique for the non-thermal processing of freshly fruit and vegetable juices

The new global trends for consuming natural products rich in bioactive compounds and health-promoter phytochemicals have increased the modern consumer's interest in fruit and vegetable juices. But, the current technologies based on thermal treatments reduce the nutritional value and degrade sensory attributes of these products in relation to the fresh-like juices. Scope and approach: Supercritical carbon dioxide (SC–CO2) technology has emerged as a potential non-thermal technology for the inactivation of spoilage and pathogenic microorganisms and endogenous enzymes responsible for the deterioration of fruit and vegetable juices. Likewise, non-thermal SC-CO2 processing can preserve the compounds associated with beneficial health effects besides maintaining sensory attributes. Thus, the effects of the SC-CO2 technology on the microbial and enzymatic inactivation, nutritional compounds, physicochemical properties, sensory attributes and shelf-life of the fruit and vegetable juices are discussed. Key findings and conclusions: SC-CO2 technology is a promising technique for the processing of fresh fruit and vegetable juices in a non-thermal way. SC-CO2 processing is able to inactivate microbial and enzymatic load of plant-based juices in the temperature range of 35–55 °C and pressure range of 10–60 MPa. SC-CO2 treated juices are sensorially similar to the fresh-like products with their nutritional value and physicochemical characteristics very close to the unprocessed juices. Under cold storage conditions, the juices stabilized by SC-CO2 treatment achieved a microbial shelf-life of at least 20 days with quality attributes of freshly juice, depending on their processing parameters and type of juice. However, additional studies are required to perform process optimization, exploring the synergism among its main variables in the same way that economic viability studies are needed97381390CONSELHO NACIONAL DE DESENVOLVIMENTO CIENTÍFICO E TECNOLÓGICO - CNPQFUNDAÇÃO DE AMPARO À PESQUISA DO ESTADO DE SÃO PAULO - FAPESP302423/2015–02018/14550–6Eric Keven Silva thanks FAPESP (2018/14550–6) for his postdoctoral assistantship at University of Alberta. M. Angela A. Meireles thanks CNPq (302423/2015–0) for her productivity grant. Marleny D.A. Saldaña thanks the 2017–2018 McCalla Professorship award and the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC, #04371–2019) for funding her research program on emerging processing technologie

Determinação da erosividade das chuvas nos municípios de Ijuí e São Borja, RS, no periodo 1982-1991

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The challenge of interdisciplinarity in graduate programs in the environmental sciences [O desafio da interdisciplinaridade nos Programas de Pós-graduação em Ciências Ambientais]

Made available in DSpace on 2019-09-12T16:26:10Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2016During 18 years of experience in graduate education in the environmental area, the graduate programs in environmental sciences of the University of Taubaté have been consolidating the treatment of environmental issues in different geographic conditions, associated with the development of the metropolitan region of Vale do Paraíba, São Paulo, as well as environmental issues in the Amazon region. This edition of Ambi-Água presents 15 original articles from dissertations presented in the last three years, which reinforce the challenge in the treatment of environmental issues in an interdisciplinary context. The commitment of the PPGCA in the construction of knowledge in the environmental area that must guide the development of this important metropolitan region of the state of São Paulo is well known. © 2016, Institute for Environmental Research in Hydrographic Basins (IPABHi). All rights reserved.dos Santos Targa, M., Universidade de Taubaté (UNITAU), Taubaté, SP, Brazilda Silva Almeida, A.A., Universidade de Taubaté (UNITAU), Taubaté, SP, BrazilCocco, M.D.A., Universidade de Taubaté (UNITAU), Taubaté, SP, Brazi

Literature review of staff thermal comfort and patient "thermal risks" in operating rooms

This paper discusses the thermal comfort of Staff and the "thermal risks" for the patient in operating rooms. Staff has often reported thermal discomfort during surgery. Factors which affect the thermal comfort include physiological and psychological perception, climate, the level and type of physical activity, and the types of clothes worn. Evaluating the "thermal risks" of the patient is very important in order to know how to prevent him/her from suffering hypothermia. The results will show that there is a strong need for future research and also which areas need to be focused on

TP53 codon 72 polymorphism as a risk factor for cardiovascular disease in a Brazilian population

TP53, a tumor suppressor gene, has a critical role in cell cycle, apoptosis and cell senescence and participates in many crucial physiological and pathological processes. Identification of TP53 polymorphism in older people and age-related diseases may provide an understanding of its physiology and pathophysiological role as well as risk factors for complex diseases. TP53 codon 72 (TP53:72) polymorphism was investigated in 383 individuals aged 66 to 97 years in a cohort from a Brazilian Elderly Longitudinal Study. We investigated allele frequency, genotype distribution and allele association with morbidities such as cardiovascular disease, type II diabetes, obesity, neoplasia, low cognitive level (dementia), and depression. We also determined the association of this polymorphism with serum lipid fractions and urea, creatinine, albumin, fasting glucose, and glycated hemoglobin levels. DNA was isolated from blood cells, amplified by PCR using sense 5'-TTGCCGTCCCAAGCAATGGATGA-3' and antisense 5'-TCTGGGAAGGGACAGAAGATGAC-3' primers and digested with the BstUI enzyme. This polymorphism is within exon 4 at nucleotide residue 347. Descriptive statistics, logistic regression analysis and Student t-test using the multiple comparison test were used. Allele frequencies, R (Arg) = 0.69 and P (Pro) = 0.31, were similar to other populations. Genotype distributions were within Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. This polymorphism did not show significant association with any age-related disease or serum variables. However, R allele carriers showed lower HDL levels and a higher frequency of cardiovascular disease than P allele subjects. These findings may help to elucidate the physiopathological role of TP53:72 polymorphism in Brazilian elderly people

Frequency of Werner helicase 1367 polymorphism and age-related morbidity in an elderly Brazilian population

Werner syndrome (WS) is a premature aging disease caused by a mutation in the WRN gene. The gene was identified in 1996 and its product acts as a DNA helicase and exonuclease. Some specific WRN polymorphic variants were associated with increased risk for cardiovascular diseases. The identification of genetic polymorphisms as risk factors for complex diseases affecting older people can improve their prevention, diagnosis and prognosis. We investigated WRN codon 1367 polymorphism in 383 residents in a district of the city of São Paulo, who were enrolled in an Elderly Brazilian Longitudinal Study. Their mean age was 79.70 ± 5.32 years, ranging from 67 to 97. This population was composed of 262 females (68.4%) and 121 males (31.6%) of European (89.2%), Japanese (3.3%), Middle Eastern (1.81%), and mixed and/or other origins (5.7%). There are no studies concerning this polymorphism in Brazilian population. These subjects were evaluated clinically every two years. The major health problems and morbidities affecting this cohort were cardiovascular diseases (21.7%), hypertension (83.7%), diabetes (63.3%), obesity (41.23%), dementia (8.0%), depression (20.0%), and neoplasia (10.8%). Their prevalence is similar to some urban elderly Brazilian samples. DNA was isolated from blood cells, amplified by PCR and digested with PmaCI. Allele frequencies were 0.788 for the cysteine and 0.211 for the arginine. Genotype distributions were within that expected for the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. Female gender was associated with hypertension and obesity. Logistic regression analysis did not detect significant association between the polymorphism and morbidity. These findings confirm those from Europeans and differ from Japanese population