Beyond the brotherhood: Skoal Bandits' role in the evolution of marketing moist smokeless tobacco pouches.

Background:Since 2006, "snus" smokeless tobacco has been sold in the U.S.. However, U.S. Smokeless Tobacco (USST) and Swedish Match developed and marketed pouched moist snuff tobacco (MST) since 1973. Methods:Analysis of previously secret tobacco documents, advertisements and trade press. Results:USST partnered with Swedish Match, forming United Scandia International to develop pouch products as part of the "Lotus Project." Pouched MST was not commonly used, either in Sweden or the U.S. prior to the Lotus Project's innovation in 1973. The project aimed to transform smokeless tobacco from being perceived as an "unsightly habit of old men" into a relevant, socially acceptable urban activity, targeting 15-35 year-old men. While USST's initial pouched product "Good Luck," never gained mainstream traction, Skoal Bandits captured significant market share after its 1983 introduction. Internal market research found that smokers generally used Skoal Bandits in smokefree environments, yet continued to smoke cigarettes in other contexts. Over time, pouch products increasingly featured increased flavor, size, nicotine strength and user imagery variation. Conclusions:Marlboro and Camel Snus advertising mirrors historical advertising for Skoal Bandits, designed to recruit new users and smokers subjected to smokefree places. Despite serious efforts, pouched MST marketing has been unable to dispel its association with traditional smokeless tobacco stereotypes as macho and rural. Public education efforts to discourage new users and dual use of MST and cigarettes should emphasize that "new" pouch products are simply repackaging "old" smokeless tobacco

Upaya Pemerintah Mewujudkan Pemerintahan yang Bebas dari Korupsi, Kolusi, dan Nepotisme

18 Paragraph (2) The 1945 Constitution of The Republic of Indonesia, call that The regional authorities of the provinces, regencies and municipalities shall administer and manage their own affairs according to the principles of regional autonomy and the duty of assistance (tugas pembantuan). Organization of local governments led by the head region and assisted by a deputy regional head. In carrying out the duties and authority under Article 25 and Article 26, the regional head and deputy regional heads have an obligation in accordance with Article 27 Paragraph (1) letter (d) The Act Number 32 of 2004 on Regional Government. In this study, only the function of the regional heads in running the regional government was analyzed whether it has been in compliance or not with the norms / rule and standards based on regional autonomy of the regional heads of regional government according to democratic principles , while the deputy head of the area is not discussed

PENGENDALIAN EMOSIONAL TERHADAP TEKANAN KARYA TARI KENDALI

Karya tari kendali sebuah tawaran bagaimana mengatur emosional terhadap tekanan sosial yang menekan terus menerus mengganggu emosional untuk mengikuti atau melawan pendapat seseorang. Kendali berasal dari kata kekang yang berarti tali (kulit dan sebagainya) untuk mengendalikan kuda, yang diinterpretasikan suatu emosional mengendalikan sebuah tekanan.Karya tari tersebut menggali ide gagasan empiris sendiri dan muncul suatu kesadaran dalam melakukannya sebagai keputusan pendapat yang mengganggu emosional menjadikan sebuah pijakan untuk menciptakan karya tari saat ini dengan meeksplorasi ketubuhan. Oleh karna itu mewujudkan karya tari Kendali tersebut digarap dalam warna baru dengan metode penciptaan konseptual. Melalui karya tari ini penonton mendapat perenungan diri terhadap tawaran untuk melakukan dalam kehidupan.Kata kunci : Kendali; Empiris; Ketubuhan

ANALYZING THE IMPACT OF ONLINE SERVICE QUALITY ON CUSTOMER SATISFACTION (A Case Study Of PT. FirstMedia)

ABSTRACT Research has been tried to analyze the significance factors that give impact or effect to the company customer satisfaction– and that is the focus of this study. The aim of this paper is to analyze which factors from online service quality that gives the most impact to customer satisfaction. Online service quality was measured by five factors: their efficiency, reliability, responsiveness, fulfillment, and privacy. Online service quality appears to have quite similar dimension to e-service quality in general. Online service quality had deeper dimension about web than have been found in prior research on e-service quality. Service quality that fulfills most of customer requirements has influences on customer satisfaction by reinforcing comprehensive assessment of service quality. Satisfaction occurs when product or service is better than expected. On the other hand, a performance provided worse than expected results with dissatisfaction. This research is a case study, about Firstmedia.com – a website from ISP Company. This research used Quantitative Method as the main method and Multiple Regression as the analysis model. Descriptive-quantitative method is used in this research and use causal study. Primary data in this research is using questionnaire. Secondary sources such as media reports, industry statistics, and information from company web sites were also collected. From the results show that the adjusted R square in this research is 0.773. It means that 77.3% of customer satisfaction are affected by efficiency, reliability, responsiveness, fulfillment and privacy of online service quality. While the rest, which is 22.7% of customer satisfaction are effected by others variable which are not included in this research. With significant value below 0.05 found that efficiency, reliability, responsiveness, fulfillment and privacy have significant influence to customer satisfaction. The Fulfillment dimension of online service quality in firstmedia.com has the lowest score from the customer. Therefore, firstmedia.com must improve their fulfillment dimensions. Firstmedia trough firstmedia.com must improve their fulfillment dimensions accordingly

Nilai-Nilai Pendidikan Islam Dalam Ngagai Rupuk’An Suku Seraway

ABSTRACT This study aims to find answers about the values of Islamic education in the performance of the Seraway tribe in Meranti Jaya Village, Ujanmas District, Kepahyang Regency, Bengkulu Province. This research method uses field research with a qualitative approach. Data collection techniques used in this study include observation, interviews and documentation. The results showed that the values of Islamic education contained in Ngagai Rupuk'An were moral education, sholawatan, marhaban, dzikir, religious lectures, social, reciting and reading Persanji books. The conclusion of this research is moral education, here the members of Ngagai Rupuk'an give an example to the community, namely by implementing morals or what we often call praiseworthy morals, for example, being willing to sacrifice, honest, polite, polite, fair, patient, and disciplined. Sholawatan, here the members of Ngagai Rupuk'An provide sholawatan education so that more and more of our prayer reading will be given intercession of the Prophet Muhammad at the end of the day. Keywords: Islamic education values, Ngagai Rupuk’an

Preventing corruption in the Indonesian public sector

Authors would like to acknowledge the financial support provided by the Ministry of Research, Technology and Higher Education of the Republic of Indonesia through the Hibah Penelitian Strategis Nasional 2015-2017 for the writing of this article.The purpose of this paper is to uncover behind the trends in corruption cases in Indonesia’s public sector. This study examines 1,192 selected corruption-related court decisions in the period of 2001–2015 based on the behavioural perspective. This study found that corruption offenders of high level of seniority were more destructive to the country’s economy compared to their younger less experienced counterparts. Additionally, compared to the real experience in the workplace, education does not seem to give offenders more advantages when committing their offences. This paper demonstrates how the seemingly small and insignificant behavioural clues may become effective tools to predict and to prevent the occurrence of corruption in the future.peer-reviewe

Pengaruh Kecerdasan Emosional dan Kepemimpinan Transformasional terhadap Kepuasan Kerja Karyawan di Lpd Desa Adat Kerobokan

Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui pengaruh kecerdasan emosional dan kepemimpinan transformasional terhadap kepuasan kerja di LPD Desa adat kerobokan yang berada di jalan Banyar Peliatan, Kerobokan, Bali. Populasi yang ada di LPD Desa Adat Kerobokan sebesar 46 dan semua Populasi dijadikan sampel. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan penyebaran kuesioner dengan menggunakan skala Likert 5 poin untuk mengukur 23 indikator. Teknik analisis yang digunakan adalah regresi linear berganda. Hasil Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa variabel kecerdasan emosional dan kepemimpinan transformasional berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap kepuasan kerja karyawan LPD Desa Adat Kerobokan. Berdasarkan pembahasan dan kesimpulan, maka disarankan bagi manajemen LPD Desa Adat Kerobokan utuk lebih meningkatkan kesempatan promosi yang ada di LPD, lebih dapat memotivasi dirinya sendiri, dan mampu lebih membuat karyawan merasa bangga dengan pendirian yang kua