Point- and contact-symmetry pseudogroups of dispersionless Nizhnik equation

Applying an original megaideal-based version of the algebraic method, we compute the point-symmetry pseudogroup of the dispersionless (potential symmetric) Nizhnik equation. This is the first example of this kind in the literature, where there is no need to use the direct method for completing the computation. The analogous studies are also carried out for the corresponding nonlinear Lax representation and the dispersionless counterpart of the symmetric Nizhnik system. We also first apply the megaideal-based version of the algebraic method to find the contact-symmetry (pseudo)group of a partial differential equation. It is shown that the contact-symmetry pseudogroup of the dispersionless Nizhnik equation coincides with the first prolongation of its point-symmetry pseudogroup. We check whether the subalgebras of the maximal Lie invariance algebra of the dispersionless Nizhnik equation that naturally arise in the course of the above computations define the diffeomorphisms stabilizing this algebra or its first prolongation. In addition, we construct all the third-order partial differential equations in three independent variables that admit the same Lie invariance algebra. We also find a set of geometric properties of the dispersionless Nizhnik equation that exhaustively defines it.Comment: 28 pages, minor correction

Surface nanostructuring of TiO2 thin films by ion beam irradiation

This work reports a procedure to modify the surface nanostructure of TiO2 anatase thin films through ion beam irradiation with energies in the keV range. Irradiation with N+ ions leads to the formation of a layer with voids at a depth similar to the ion-projected range. By setting the ion-projected range a few tens of nanometers below the surface of the film, well-ordered nanorods appear aligned with the angle of incidence of the ion beam. Slightly different results were obtained by using heavier (S+) and lighter (B+) ions under similar conditions

К вопросу о соответствии видов русских приставочных глаголов туркменским эквивалентам

Russian prefix verbs and their equivalents in the Turkmen language are examined in the article. The analysis of some aspects of the subject matter understudy is givenВ статье дается сопоставительный анализ глаголов совершенного и несовершенного видов русского и туркменского языков

Відгодівельні та мясні якості свиней за згодовування в складі раціону пробіотичної добавки «ПРОПІГплв»

Nowadays main part of pork is produced at the farms of different ownership forms mainly at the feeds of own production. A lot of problems arise and their solving influence quantity, quality and value of production. With the help of scientific investigations it was proved that intensification of swine breeding depends upon fodder basis at any farm. Besides, swine need to be fed with feeds from well balanced rations in accordance with detailed portions. Their usage will increase the productivity of swine up to 10% in comparison with such rations balanced according to limited quantity of indices. That is why while organizing rational nutrition one should remember that gastrointestinal tract in swine doesn’t have enzymec ability to the hydrolysis of cellular tissue and they are rather weak to withstand diseases connected with disturbances in digestion. That is why special attention should be paid to the usage of probiotic fodder  additives in the system of prophylactic. It is especially important when different kinds of fads are used which can enrich rations, or positively influence   the processes of productions formation. The main task of the investigation was to optimize rationed feeding of feeding up young swine using biologically active additive   «PROPIGplv» as a part of a ration. It was stated that feeding up animals with food bioadditive when full rationed mixed   fodder at dynamics 2–6 gr head per day served as a background to determine the optimum doze and using of such bioadditive doesn’t influence negatively the functional health condition of animals. Positive results concerning the intensity of animals growth, quality of production were obtained thanks to stimulating effect of bioadditive and it is economically advantageously to use bioadditives  at the rations of  fattening young swine.В останні роки значна частина свинини виробляється в господарствах різних організаційних форм господарювання переважно на кормах власного виробництва. При цьому виникає ряд проблем, від вирішення яких залежить кількість, якість і вартість виробленої продукції. Науковими розробками встановлено, що інтенсифікація такої галузі, як свинарство залежить насамперед від міцної кормової бази господарств. При чому, свиням потрібні не взагалі корми, а раціони цілком збалансовані відповідно до деталізованих норм. Їхнє застосування дозволяє збільшити продуктивність свиней приблизно на 10% порівняно з використанням раціонів, які балансувалися за обмеженою кількістю показників. Тому при організації раціонального живлення необхідно врахувати, що у свиней шлунково–кишковий тракт не має ферментативної здатності до гідролізу клітковини, а також у них надзвичайно слабка система захисту до захворювань пов’язаних із розладами травлення. У зв’язку з цим, особливої уваги у системі профілактики заслуговує застосування пробіотичних кормових добавок. Особливо, це важливо при використанні кормових засобів різної природи, які можуть збагачувати раціони, або позитивно впливати на процеси формування продуктивності. В основу проведення досліджень покладено завдання оптимізації нормованої годівлі відгодівельного молодняку свиней за рахунок використання в складі раціону біологічно активної кормової добавки «ПРОПІГплв». Встановлено, що згодовування тваринам кормової біодобавки на фоні повнораціонного комбікорму у динаміці 2–6 г гол/ добу з метою визначення оптимальної дози не має негативного впливу на функціональний стан здоров’я тварин. Отримано позитивний результат щодо інтенсивності росту тварин, та якісних показників продукції, що вказує на стимулюючий ефект від її використання, а також підтверджено економічною оцінкою ефективності використання біодобавки у раціонах відгодівельного молодняку свиней

Financial Planning as the Most Important Element in the Enterprise Management System

The modern development of a market economy dictates its own requirements for economic units, the effectiveness of which directly depends on the implementation of financial policy and its planning. Planning, in turn, allows you to determine the prospect of the enterprise, that is, to foresee its future and avoid possible risks. As an example, the article considers financial planning within the banking sector.Современное развитие рыночной экономики диктует свои требования к хозяйственным единицам, эффективность которых напрямую зависит от реализации финансовой политики и ее планирования. Планирование в свою очередь позволяет определить перспективу предприятия, то есть предвидеть его будущее и избежать возможных рисков. В качестве примера в статье рассмотрено финансовое планирование в рамках банковского сектора

Corrosion in Haas expanders with and without use of an antimicrobial agent: an in situ study

OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to evaluate in situ the occurrence of corrosion in the soldering point areas between the wire, silver brazing and band in Haas expanders. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Thirty-four 7-12-year-old patients who needed maxillary expansion with a Haas expander were randomly assigned to two groups of 17 individuals each, according to the oral hygiene protocol adopted during the orthodontic treatment: Group I (control), toothbrushing with a fluoride dentifrice and Group II (experimental), toothbrushing with the same dentifrice plus 0.12% chlorhexidine gluconate (Periogard(®)) mouthrinses twice a week. The appliances were removed after approximately 4 months. Fragments of the appliances containing a metallic band with a soldered wire were sectioned at random for examination by stereomicroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy (EDS). Data were analyzed statistically by Fisher's test at 5% significance level. RESULTS: The analysis by optical microscopy revealed areas with color change suggestive of corrosion in the soldering point areas joining the band and the wire in all specimens of both groups, with no statistically significant difference between the groups (p=1). The peaks of chemical elements (Ni, Fe, Cr, O, C and P) revealed by EDS were also similar in both groups. CONCLUSION: Color changes and peaks of chemical elements suggestive of corrosion were observed in the soldering point areas between the wire, silver brazing and band in both control and experimental groups, which indicate that the 0.12% chlorhexidine gluconate mouthrinses did not influence the occurrence of corrosion in situ

Surface nanostructuring of TiO2 thin films by ion beam irradiation

This work reports a procedure to modify the surface nanostructure of TiO2 anatase thin films through ion beam irradiation with energies in the keV range. Irradiation with N+ ions leads to the formation of a layer with voids at a depth similar to the ion-projected range. By setting the ion-projected range a few tens of nanometers below the surface of the film, well-ordered nanorods appear aligned with the angle of incidence of the ion beam. Slightly different results were obtained by using heavier (S+) and lighter (B+) ions under similar conditions. © 2008 Acta Materialia Inc.Peer Reviewe

Evidence for the Al Zn O i defect complex model for magnetron sputtered aluminum doped zinc oxide A combined X ray absorption near edge spectroscopy, X ray diffraction and electronic transport study

Al-doped ZnO and Zn1 - xMgxO films, deposited by magnetron sputtering at substrate temperatures from about 25 °C to 500 °C and exhibiting a strong variation of the carrier concentration, were investigated by X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS), analyzing the X-ray absorption near-edge structures. The near-order structure, derived from the X-ray absorption spectra, shows that the dopant Al was built-in onto Zn lattice sites, independently of the deposition temperature up to 450 °C. FEFF calculations confirm the lattice location of the dopant on zinc lattice sites. The formation of secondary (spinel) phases occurs only at deposition temperatures above 450 °C, more pronounced for the Zn1 - xMgxO:Al films. In contrast to the XAS measurements, the electrical parameters of the films - carrier concentration and Hall mobility - exhibit a strong dependence on the substrate temperature, with a variation of the electron concentration by a factor of 4.5 from 25 °C to about 300 °C. This shows that the XAS method is significantly less sensitive compared to electrical measurements for the characterization of electrically active dopant elements. This fact is tentatively explained by the formation of oxygen interstitial defects Oi during deposition, annealing out at low temperatures, and by the formation of defect complexes of dopant atoms with intrinsic lattice defects, like Al-Oi or Al-Mg-Oi, which induce the observed electrical effects but are not detectable by XAS methods