Three-Dimensional Phthalocyanine Metal-Catecholates for High Electrochemical Carbon Dioxide Reduction.

The synthesis of a new anionic 3D metal-catecholate framework, termed MOF-1992, is achieved by linking tetratopic cobalt phthalocyanin-2,3,9,10,16,17,23,24-octaol linkers with Fe3(-C2O2-)6(OH2)2 trimers into an extended framework of roc topology. MOF-1992 exhibits sterically accessible Co active sites together with charge transfer properties. Cathodes based on MOF-1992 and carbon black (CB) display a high coverage of electroactive sites (270 nmol cm-2) and a high current density (-16.5 mA cm-2; overpotential, -0.52 V) for the CO2 to CO reduction reaction in water (faradaic efficiency, 80%). Over the 6 h experiment, MOF-1992/CB cathodes reach turnover numbers of 5800 with turnover frequencies of 0.20 s-1 per active site

Impact on allergic immune response after treatment with vitamin A

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Vitamin A may have some influence on the immune system, but the role in allergy modulation is still unclear.</p> <p>Objective</p> <p>To clarify whether high levels of retinoic acid (RA) affects allergic response <it>in vivo</it>, we used a murine experimental model of airway allergic disease.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>Ovalbumin (OVA)-immunization/OVA-challenge (OVA/OVA) and house dust mite (HDM)-immunization/HDM-challenge (HDM/HDM) experimental murine models of allergic airway disease, using C57Bl.10/Q groups of mice (n = 10) treated subcutaneously with different concentrations of all-trans RA (0, 50, 500 and 2,500 ug) every 2-days were used to assess the allergic immune response.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>Levels of total and specific-IgE in sera were increased in all groups of RA treated OVA/OVA and HDM/HDM mice. Percentage and total amount of recruited eosinophil in airways by bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) were significantly enhanced in groups treated with 50, 500 and 2,500 ug of RA compared to non-treated mice. However, the group of mice treated with 2,500 ug had less eosinophil recruitment than the other two groups (50 and 500 ug). In parallel, levels of IL-5 and total IgE in BALF were also significantly diminished in the group treated with 2,500 ug compared to the other 2 groups (50 and 500 ug). Finally, total lung resistance was decreased in group treated with 2,500 ug compared to non-treated mice.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>Our results suggest that retinoic acid directly enhances allergic response <it>in vivo</it>, but in higher doses may produce of immune suppression.</p

Aspectos clínicos y factores asociados a compromiso renal en pacientes pediátricos con púrpura de Schönlein Henoch

INTRODUCCIÓN: La púrpura de Schönlein Henoch (PSH) es la vasculitis más frecuente de la infancia. Es generalmente autolimitada, con morbilidad renal a largo plazo. OBJETIVO: Determinar la frecuencia de las manifestaciones clínicas de la PSH y las variables asociadas al compromiso renal en pacientes con PSH del Servicio de Reumatología pediátrica de la Clínica Universitaria Reina Fabiola durante el periodo 2015-2020. MATERIALES Y METODOS: Estudio observacional, retrospectivo, transversal, analítico. Se incluyeron pacientes menores de 15 años con diagnóstico de PSH. Variables: edad, sexo, mes de diagnóstico, compromiso dermatológico, renal, gastrointestinal, articular y recurrencia y/o persistencia y otras manifestaciones. Análisis estadístico: test T de Student, test chi cuadrado y regresión logística multivariada. RESULTADOS: Se analizaron 107 pacientes, 61 (57%) de sexo femenino, con una media (desviación estándar, DE) de edad de 6,49 (3,48) años. El 100% presentó compromiso dérmico, 19 (18%) púrpura persistente o recurrente, 21 (19%) síntomas gastrointestinales, 38 (36%) compromiso articular y 21 (20%) manifestaciones renales. Se asoció con compromiso renal a pacientes con edad mayor a 7 años (p=0.0064), púrpura persistente o recurrente (p=0.0001), compromiso articular (p=0,0135) y dolor abdominal (p=0,0136). En el análisis multivariado, la púrpura persistente o recurrente se asoció con compromiso renal (OR=7,16; IC95%: 1,81-28,25); p=0.005). CONCLUSIONES: La púrpura persistente o recurrente fue considerada factor de riesgo para presentar compromiso renal y además se evidenció una asociación entre pacientes mayores a 7 años, compromiso articular y dolor abdominal con compromiso renal

The Effect of Adverse Surgical Margins on the Risk of Biochemical Recurrence after Robotic-Assisted Radical Prostatectomy

Positive surgical margins (PSM) after radical prostatectomy are associated with a greater risk of biochemical recurrence (BCR). However, not all PSM harbour the same prognosis for recurrence. We aim to determine the impact of different PSM characteristics and their coexistence on the risk of BCR. This retrospective study included 333 patients that underwent robotic-assisted radical prostatectomy for prostate cancer between 2015-2020 at a single institution. The effect of PSM and their adverse characteristics on the risk of BCR was assessed using Cox proportional hazard models. Kaplan-Meier was used to represent BCR-free survival stratified by margin status. With a median follow-up of 34.5 months, patients with PSM had a higher incidence of BCR, higher risk of relapse and lower BCR-free survival than negative margins (p &lt; 0.001). We established as adverse characteristics: PSM length ≥ 3 mm, multifocality and Gleason at margin &gt; 3. PSM ≥ 3 mm or multifocal PSM were associated with an increased risk for BCR compared to favourable margins (HR 3.50; 95% CI 2.05-5.95, p &lt; 0.001 and HR 2.18; 95% CI 1.09-4.37, p = 0.028, respectively). The coexistence of these two adverse features in the PSM also conferred a higher risk for biochemical relapse and lower BCR-free survival. Adverse Gleason in the margin did not confer a higher risk for BCR than non-adverse margins in our models. We concluded that PSM are an independent predictor for BCR and that the presence of adverse characteristics, such as length and focality, and their coexistence in the PSM are associated with a greater risk of recurrence. Nevertheless, subclassifying PSM with adverse features did not enhance the model's predictive performance in our cohort

Reticular Synthesis of Multinary Covalent Organic Frameworks.

Hexagonal hexaminophenyl benzene, tetragonal tetrakis(4-aminophenyl) ethane, and trigonal 1,3,5-tris(p-formylphenyl)benzene were all joined together by imine linkages to yield a 2D porous covalent organic framework with unprecedented tth topology, termed COF-346. Unlike the 5 simple existing 2D topologies reported in COFs, COF-346 has 3 kinds of vertices and 2 kinds of edges and is constructed with linkers of 3 kinds of connectivity, and thus represents a higher degree of complexity in COF structures. The success in crystallizing COF-346 was based on precisely chosen geometry and metrics of the linkers and error correction offered by dynamic imine formation. We also report two additional related COFs: a crystalline, porous COF, termed COF-360 with a rare kgd topology, as well as the first crystalline, porous COF with defected tth topology, termed COF-340

Type III secretion inhibitors for the management of bacterial plant diseases

The identification of chemical compounds that prevent and combat bacterial diseases is fundamental for crop production. Bacterial virulence inhibitors are a promising alternative to classical control treatments, because they have a low environmental impact and are less likely to generate bacterial resistance. The major virulence determinant of most animal and plant bacterial pathogens is the type III secretion system (T3SS). In this work, we screened nine plant extracts and 12 isolated compounds including molecules effective against human pathogens for their capacity to inhibit the T3SS of plant pathogens and for their applicability as virulence inhibitors for crop protection. The screen was performed using a luminescent reporter system developed in the model pathogenic bacterium Ralstonia solanacearum. Five synthetic molecules, one natural product and two plant extracts were found to down‐regulate T3SS transcription, most through the inhibition of the regulator hrpB. In addition, for three of the molecules, corresponding to salicylidene acylhydrazide derivatives, the inhibitory effect caused a dramatic decrease in the secretion capacity, which was translated into impaired plant responses. These candidate virulence inhibitors were then tested for their ability to protect plants. We demonstrated that salicylidene acylhydrazides can limit R. solanacearum multiplication in planta and protect tomato plants from bacterial speck caused by Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato. Our work validates the efficiency of transcription reporters to discover compounds or natural product extracts that can be potentially applied to prevent bacterial plant diseases

Lattice WW algebras and quantum groups

We represent Feigin's construction [22] of lattice W algebras and give some simple results: lattice Virasoro and $W_3$ algebras. For simplest case $g=sl(2)$ we introduce whole $U_q(sl(2))$ quantum group on this lattice. We find simplest two-dimensional module as well as exchange relations and define lattice Virasoro algebra as algebra of invariants of $U_q(sl(2))$. Another generalization is connected with lattice integrals of motion as the invariants of quantum affine group $U_q(\hat{n}_{+})$. We show that Volkov's scheme leads to the system of difference equations for the function from non-commutative variables.Comment: 13 pages, misprints have been correcte