Journal Utilization By Postgraduate Students At The Libraries Of The Universities Of Agriculture In Nigeria

This study examined the extent to which postgraduate students of the Universities of Agriculture libraries in Nigeria utilize journals in their libraries for research purposes. Survey research design was adopted. A total of 1,275 copies of a questionnaire were distributed among the postgraduate students of the three Universities of Agriculture in Nigeria of which there were 914 (71.69%) responses. The questionnaire sought for information on how often they use journals, constraints to the use of journals, the kinds of journals they preferred most (printed or electronic) and the currency and relevance of journals to their field of research. The result indicated that the greatest frequency usage of journals was three times a week with MOU recording highest usage (58.6%), while UNAAB and UAM had 40.8% and 40.9%, respectively. Universities of Agriculture libraries should make adequate provision for relevant and current electronic databases to make research activities easy for researchers. The Libraries should form Inter Library Loan (ILL) network for the exchange and sharing of their resources.     &nbsp

International Violence Against Women: U.S. Response and Policy Issues

[Excerpt] In recent years, the international community has increasingly recognized international violence against women (VAW) as a significant human rights and global health issue. VAW, which can include both random acts of violence as well as sustained abuse over time, can be physical, psychological, or sexual in nature. Studies have found that VAW occurs in all geographic regions, countries, cultures, and economic classes, with some research showing that women in developing countries experience higher rates of violence than those in developed countries. Many experts view VAW as a symptom of the historically unequal power relationship between men and women,and argue that over time this imbalance has led to pervasive cultural stereotypes and attitudes that perpetuate a cycle of violence. This report addresses causes, prevalence, and consequences of violence against women. It provides examples of completed and ongoing U.S. activities that address VAW directly or include anti-VAW components, and it outlines possible policy issues for the 112th Congress, including • the scope and effectiveness of U.S. programs in addressing international VAW; • further integrating anti-VAW programs into U.S. assistance and foreign policy mechanisms; • U.S. funding for anti-VAW activities worldwide, particularly in light of the global financial crisis, economic recession, and subsequent calls to reduce the U.S. budget deficit; and • strengthening U.S. government coordination of anti-VAW activities

Action of Salt Formation on the Bifunctional Nature of 12- Molybdophosphoric Acid and Their Relationship to the Catalytic Activity

Acidic properties and the catalytic activity of 12-molybdophosphates (M"nn+H3-,PM012040; M = Cu2+, BP+, Cr3+ and X = 1-3) have been studied. The results are discussed as the effect of these catalyst components on the partial charge on oxygen atom which is in a relation with the acidity. It is shown that the oxygen-hydrogen bond is weakened as the value of partial charge on oxygen (-bo) becomes more negative, while the vapor-phase dehydration activity of 2 propanol is explained on the basis of the reacting zone wideness taking into account the pseudo liquid phase nature of the heteropoly compounds. Correlation, the percentage conversion of 2-propanol with the fractional charge on molybdenum atom was successful to interpret the effect of the redox properties of these catalysts on their catalytic activity

Annihilation Diagrams in Two-Body Nonleptonic Decays of Charmed Mesons

In the pole-dominance model for the two-body nonleptonic decays of charmed mesons $D \rightarrow PV$ and $D \rightarrow VV$, it is shown that the contributions of the intermediate pseudoscalar and the axial-vector meson poles cancel each other in the annihilation diagrams in the chiral limit. In the same limit, the annihilation diagrams for the $D \rightarrow PP$ decays vanish independently.Comment: 9 pages (+ 3 figures available upon request), UR-1316, ER-40685-766, IC/93/21

Effect of year and fertilizer on water-use efficiency of pearl millet (Pennisetum glaucum) in Niger

A comprehensive study was conducted over a 4-year period (1984-87) to evaluate the water use, growth and yield responses of pearl millet (Pennisetum glaucum) cv. CIVT grown with or without fertilizer (30 kg P2O5 and 45 kg N ha-1) at the ICRISAT Sahelian Centre, Sadore, Niger. Significant year and fertilizer effects on the growth and yield of millet were observed. Observed year effects were primarily due to the variations in the amount and distribution of rainfall in relation to the potential demand for water. During 1984, 1985 and 1987, total rainfall was below the long term average, while in 1986 it was above average. While the onset of rains (relative to the average date of onset) was early from 1984 to 1986, in 1987 the sowings were delayed by as much as 33 days. Of all the four years, the separation between the treatments in the cumulative evaporation was most evident for 1984, which was a drought year with below-average rainfall in all the months from June to September. Cumulative evaporation patterns in 1985 and 1986 were similar because of regular rains and high average rainfall per rainy day from June to October. In 1987, sowings were delayed until 15 July and only 6.9 mm of rainfall was received per rainy day in July. Hence cumulative evaporation was initially low and showed a significant increase only after two significant rain events in early August. There was a large response to fertilizer in all the years as small additions of fertilizer phosphate increased the soluble phosphate in the soil. Fertilizer application resulted in a small increase in water use (7-14 %) in all years except 1987. Increased yield due to the application of fertilizer was accompanied by an increase in the water-use efficiency (WUE) in all the four years with the largest increase in 1985. The beneficial effect of fertilizers could be attributed to the rapid early growth of leaves which can contribute to reduction of soil evaporative losses and increased WUE. Over the four seasons, average increase in the WUE due to the addition of fertilizer was 84

A Wet Excavation Method for Root/Shoot Studies of Pearl Millet on the Sandy Soils of the Sahel

Root/shoot relations of two cultivars of pearl millet (Pennisetum glaucum) were studied on a sandy soil at Sadore in Niger using a wet excavation method. For the first 10 days after emergence (DAE), the length of the seminal root showed an exponential growth rate while plant height increased more or less linearly. The maximum rooting depth for millet was 168 cm and the maximum number of root axes and primary laterals, 172 per plant. Root length continued to increase up to 75 DAE, the maximum length exceeding 5000 cm per plant. The proportion of total day matter accumulated in the roots decreased from 30% in the early stages to less than 20% by maturity. The wet excavation method is a promising technique for the rapid removal of intact root systems of pearl millet from the sandy soils of the Sahel

PENGARUH RASIO EPOKSI/AMPAS TEBU DAN PERLAKUAN ALKALI PADA AMPAS TEBU TERHADAP KEKUATAN BENTUR KOMPOSIT PARTIKEL EPOKSI BERPENGISI SERAT AMPAS TEBU

This study was aimed to determine the effect of alkali treatment and fiber composition on the impact strength properties of epoxy composites filled with bagasse fiber. Composites are made by hand lay-up method by mixing epoxy and bagasse fiber with variation of volume ratio between matrix and filler are 100/0, 70/30, 60/40, and 50/50 (v / v) and the concentration of NaOH slolution in the alkali treatment are 0% , 1%, 2%, and 3%. Mechanical propertie tested was impact strengthand analized  by SEM analysis. The results obtained from this study was the maximum impact strength value obtained of the composite was on the composition 70:30 with 2% NaOH concentration was 8,005 kJ/m2

Rifampicin mono-resistant tuberculosis is not the same as multidrug-resistant tuberculosis: a descriptive study from Khayelitsha, South Africa

Rifampicin mono-resistant TB (RMR-TB, rifampicin resistance and isoniazid susceptibility) constitutes 38% of all rifampicin-resistant TB (RR-TB) in South Africa and is increasing. We aimed to compare RMR-TB with multidrug-resistant TB (MDR-TB) within a high TB, RR-TB and HIV burden setting. Patient-level clinical data and stored RR-TB isolates from 2008-2017 with available whole genome sequencing (WGS) data were used to describe risk factors associated with RMR-TB and to compare rifampicin-resistance (RR) conferring mutations between RMR-TB and MDR-TB. A subset of isolates with particular RR-conferring mutations were subjected to semi-quantitative rifampicin phenotypic drug susceptibility testing. Among 2,041 routinely diagnosed RR-TB patients, 463 (22.7%) had RMR-TB. HIV-positive individuals (adjusted Odds Ratio 1.4, 95% CI 1.1-1.9) and diagnosis between 2013-2017 versus 2008-2012 (aOR 1.3, 1.1-1.7) were associated with RMR-TB. Among 1,119 (54.8%) patients with available WGS data showing RR-TB, significant differences in the distribution of rpoB RR-conferring mutations between RMR-TB and MDR-TB isolates were observed. Mutations associated with high-level RR were more commonly found among MDR-TB isolates (811/889, 90.2% versus 162/230, 70.4% among RMR-TB, p<0.0001). In particular, the rpoB L430P mutation, conferring low-level RR, was identified in 32/230 (13.9%) RMR-TB versus 10/889 (1.1%) in MDR-TB (p<0.0001). Among 10 isolates with an rpoB L430P mutation, 7 were phenotypically susceptible using the critical concentration of 0.5 mug/ml (range 0.125-1 mug/ml). The majority (215/230, 93.5%) of RMR-TB isolates showed susceptibility to all other TB drugs, highlighting the potential benefits of WGS for simplified treatment. These data suggest that the evolution of RMR-TB differs from MDR-TB with a potential contribution from HIV infection

TeleHealth Improves Diabetes Self-Management in an Underserved Community: Diabetes TeleCare

OBJECTIVE To conduct a 1-year randomized clinical trial to evaluate a remote comprehensive diabetes self-management education (DSME) intervention, Diabetes TeleCare, administered by a dietitian and nurse/certified diabetes educator (CDE) in the setting of a federally qualified health center (FQHC) in rural South Carolina

International Violence Against Women: U.S. Response and Policy Issues

This report addresses causes, prevalence, and consequences of violence against women. It provides examples of completed and ongoing U.S. activities that address VAW directly or include anti-VAW components. It outlines possible policy issues for the 112th Congress, including the scope and effectiveness of U.S. programs in addressing international VAW; further integrating anti-VAW programs into U.S. assistance and foreign policy mechanisms; U.S. funding for anti-VAW activities worldwide, particularly in light of the global financial crisis, economic recession, and subsequent calls to reduce the U.S. budget deficit; and strengthening U.S. government coordination of anti-VAW activities