Response of Feedlot Lambs to Chlortetracycline and Sulfamethazine

The objective of this experiment was to test the effects of chlortetracycline and sulfamethazine alone and in combination on feedlot performance and incidence of diseases of lambs weaned at an early age, shipped and finished in drylot with a high-concentrate ration

Frequency and Use of Medications in Horses Racing at Prairie Meadows

An analysis was made of the horses racing at Prairie Meadows race track in Altoona, Iowa during 1993 to determine the number of entries designated as racing under the influence of phenylbutazone (Bute(RX)), furosemide (Lasix(Rx)) or both medications. In a total of 1379 Quarter Horse entries, 5.7 % raced with no medication, 74.9 % raced on phenylbutazone, 0.5 % raced on furosemide, and 18.9 % raced on both phenylbutazone and furosemide. In a total of 3424 Thoroughbred entries, 2.1 % raced under no medication, 43.6 % raced on phenylbutazone, 0.4 % raced on furosemide, and 53.9 % raced on both phenylbutazone and furosemide. Overall, of the 4803 entries, 3.2 % raced with no medication, 52.6 % raced on phenylbutazone, 0.4 % raced on furosemide, and 43.9 % raced on both phenylbutazone and furosemide

The Effect of Furosemide on Arterial Blood Gases and Performance in Quarter Horses Performing a Fatigue Test on a Treadmill

Four Quarter Horses (1 filly age 2, 1 mare age 5 and 2 geldings ages 3 and 4; average weight 539 kg) were used in a 2 x 2 crossover design. The effects of furosemide (Lasix(Rx)) on arterial blood packed ceii voiume (PCV), hemogiobin (Hb), pH, pO2, pCO2, HCO-3 and base excess (BE) were measured. Plasma lactate, heart rate, and fatigue time were determined as indicators of perlormance while the horses performed a fatigue test on a high-speed treadmill. The left carotid artery was surgically elevated subcutaneously to facilitate collection of arterial blood samples. Horses were conditioned for 13 weeks with increasing intensity then randomly assigned furosemide (F) or physiological saline (C) as treatments. Treatments were administered 4 hours prior to the fatigue test in accordance with racing regulations. Arterial blood samples were collected prior to treatment dose, prior to exercise, at the 2nd, 4th, and 6th minute during the fatigue test, at fatigue, and at the 5th, 15th, 30th, and 45th minute post-exercise. Arterial blood samples were analyzed for blood gases, Hb, PCV, and plasma lactate. Heart rate and fatigue time were recorded. No difference between treatments (P \u3e 0.05) was observed for blood gases except for pCO2 at rest, and HCO-3 and BE at the 2 minute collection period. No difference between treatments (P \u3e 0.05) was observed for Hb, PCV, lactate and heart rate except at 15 minutes post-exercise for Hb and PCV, and 45 minutes postexercise for Hb. Fatigue times were 11 min 56 sec ± 5 min 30 sec for F horses and 11 min 35 sec--± 2 min 6 sec for C horses. No difference (P \u3e 0.05) was observed in fatigue time. Based on our data, the trend indicated that all parameters measured returned to pre-exercise levels more rapidly for furosemide treated horses. However, furosemide did not enhance performance

Biographical learning: a process for promoting person-centredness in nursing

Background: This paper explores biographical approaches to nurses’ learning. It builds on previous PhD research to consider the effects of such approaches, drawing on the experiences of learners who have recently completed biographical study, in their own words. Aims and objectives: The aim of the paper is to make sense of different forms of learning. The objectives are to identify how autobiographical approaches that involve people learning from their life stories can engage people to exert agency, or ownership, in their own lives by taking control of their learning plans. Design: This longitudinal study started with the first group of learners undertaking a biographical preparation module on an Applied BSc Health and Social Care programme. Methods: Research relating to nurses’ learning is considered, including a Swiss perspective, as well as the validity of the biographical approach to developing knowledge. The learners share stories of their learning in order to develop understanding and new insights into their own lives and those of others. Results: Different dimensions of learning including learning about self, learning to make a difference and processes of repair are revealed through the learners’ narrations. Conclusions: Engaging biographically, to make sense of different forms of learning, appears to be beneficial to more person-centred working. Implications for practice: •Introducing biographical elements into courses of study can benefit learners by helping them to make sense of who they are as learners and practitioners •Co-creating compelling spaces of learning can facilitate learners to exert agency within their own lives as well as help others to learn. By exerting agency we mean taking ownership of the learning revealed through the biographical work and taking it forward in positive ways to enhance person-centred care

Depinning transition of a directed polymer by a periodic potential: a d-dimensional solution

We study the depinning phase transition of a directed polymer in a $d$-dimensional space by a periodic potential localized on a straight line. We give exact formulas in all dimensions for the critical pinning we need to localize the polymer. We show that a bounded state can still arise even if, in average, the potential layer is not attractive and for diverging values of the potential on the repulsive sites. The phase transition is of second order.Comment: 11 Pages in LaTeX. Figures available from the authors. [email protected] (e-mail address

Log Fano varieties over function fields of curves

Consider a smooth log Fano variety over the function field of a curve. Suppose that the boundary has positive normal bundle. Choose an integral model over the curve. Then integral points are Zariski dense, after removing an explicit finite set of points on the base curve.Comment: 18 page

Evidence of a Large-Scale Functional Organization of Mammalian Chromosomes

Evidence from inbred strains of mice indicates that a quarter or more of the mammalian genome consists of chromosome regions containing clusters of functionally related genes. The intense selection pressures during inbreeding favor the coinheritance of optimal sets of alleles among these genetically linked, functionally related genes, resulting in extensive domains of linkage disequilibrium (LD) among a set of 60 genetically diverse inbred strains. Recombination that disrupts the preferred combinations of alleles reduces the ability of offspring to survive further inbreeding. LD is also seen between markers on separate chromosomes, forming networks with scale-free architecture. Combining LD data with pathway and genome annotation databases, we have been able to identify the biological functions underlying several domains and networks. Given the strong conservation of gene order among mammals, the domains and networks we find in mice probably characterize all mammals, including humans

Clinical assessment of fluorescence cystoscopy during transurethral bladder resection in superficial bladder cancer

The prognosis of superficial bladder cancer in terms of recurrence and disease progression is related to bladder tumor multiplicity and the presence of concomitant "plane” tumors such as high-grade dysplasia and carcinoma in situ. This study in 33 patients aimed to demonstrate the role of fluorescence cystoscopy in transurethral resection of superficial bladder cancer. The method is based on the detection of protoporphyrin-IX-induced fluorescence in urothelial cancer cells by topical administration of 5-aminolevulinic acid. The sensitivity and the specificity of this procedure on apparently normal mucosa in superficial bladder cancer are estimated to be 82.9% and 81.3%, respectively. Thus, fluorescence cytoscopy is a simple and reliable method for mapping the bladder mucosa, especially in the case of multifocal bladder disease, and it facilitates the screening of occult dysplasi