The objective of this experiment was to test the effects of chlortetracycline and sulfamethazine alone and in combination on feedlot performance and incidence of diseases of lambs weaned at an early age, shipped and finished in drylot with a high-concentrate ration

Embry, L. B.

Graber, C. R.

Luther, R. M.

English

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South Dakota State UniversityOpen PRAIRIE: Open Public Research Access InstitutionalRepository and Information ExchangeSouth Dakota Sheep Field Day Research Reports,1970 Animal Science Reports1970Response of Feedlot Lambs to Chlortetracyclineand SulfamethazineL. B. EmbrySouth Dakota State UniversityR. M. LutherC. R. GraberFollow this and additional works at: http://openprairie.sdstate.edu/sd_sheepday_1970This Report is brought to you for free and open access by the Animal Science Reports at Open PRAIRIE: Open Public Research Access InstitutionalRepository and Information Exchange. It has been accepted for inclusion in South Dakota Sheep Field Day Research Reports, 1970 by an authorizedadministrator of Open PRAIRIE: Open Public Research Access Institutional Repository and Information Exchange. For more information, pleasecontact michael.biondo@sdstate.edu.Recommended CitationEmbry, L. B.; Luther, R. M.; and Graber, C. R., "Response of Feedlot Lambs to Chlortetracycline and Sulfamethazine" (1970). SouthDakota Sheep Field Day Research Reports, 1970. Paper 9.http://openprairie.sdstate.edu/sd_sheepday_1970/9• . .  ,• • South Dakota S tate Univers i ty Brookings , South Dako ta Departmen t of Animal S cience Agricul tural Experiment S ta tion A . S .  Series 69-54 Response of Feedlot Lambs to Chlor te tracycline and Sulfame thaz ine L .  B .  Emb ry ,  R. M. Luther and C .  R .  Graber The obj ec tive of this experiment was to tes t  the e f fec ts of chlorte tracycline and s ulfame thazine alone and in comb ination on feedlot performance and incidence o f  diseases o f  lambs weaned a t  an early age , shipped and finished in drylo t wi th a high-concentra te ra tion .  Procedures The 1 89 lamb s ( 9 4  ewes and 9 5  we thers ) used in the experiment we re sorted from their dams and trucked about 390 miles to Brookings . They arrived in the early evening and were held overnight wi thout feed and wate r .  The following morning,  they were weighed and sorted in to 12 pens on b asis of weigh t  and sex . There were 15 o r  16 lambs pe r pen wi th ewes and we thers being equalized as near as possible . Four experimental trea tments repli cated three times included a control , chlorte tracycline , sul fame thazine and a chlorte tracycline­sulfamethazine comb ination . The lambs were fed a comple te mixed ration . Compos i tion of the control ration was as follows (%) : ground alfalfa hay , 20 . 0 ; rol led  corn grain , 75 . 9 ;  soybean meal ( 44%) , 2 . 5 ; urea ( 2 8 1 % ) , 0 . 3 ;  dicalcium phosphate , 0 . 4 ;  limes tone ,  0 . 4  and trace mineral s al t ,  0 . 5 .  Vi tamin A was added to p rovide 500 I . U. per pound o f  ration . The calculated pro tein content was 1 1 . 5% .  A chlortetracycline o r  s ul famethazine premix was added to the appropria te mixes to furnish 50 gm. o f  these  drugs per pound o f  ration and replaced an equal weigh t  of corn grain . For the comb ination treat­ment  (Aureo S- 700) , each drug was included at  50  gm .  per ton o f  ration . The experiment was initiated on June 5 .  The lambs were s tarted on the experiment at  0 . 25 lb . of the ration mixes and 1 . 0 lb . of al falfa hay per head daily . The hay was removed gradually from the ration over a period o f  1 week . The concentra te-hay mixes were increased by approximately .0 . 1 2  lb . per lamb daily until they were on full feed . This required about 10  days . Thereafter , the lambs were fed once · dai ly in amounts so feed would be available at all times . The lambs we re fed in open pens wi thout access to shade or shelter . The experiment was terminated af ter 1 1 3  days with the final weigh ing being made wi thout withholding feed and water . However , the lambs were wei ghed in early mo rning be fore being o ffe red feed • S t atis tical analyses were performed on the weigh t  gain data us ing the method of leas t squares and feed consump tion data by analys is of  variance of  lot means . - 5 9 -- 2 -Res ul ts The lamb s  were no t s elected for uniformi ty in age and weigh t  and there was a cons iderab le varia tion wi th an average ini tial weight of  34  lb . They we re sub j ected to  cons ide rab le s tress in  handling be fore and af ter sh ipping , the long trip by truck and were wi thout feed and wa ter for about 24 hours . They were raised to a full feed of the high-concen trate in a short  time . These s tresses appeared s evere for the l igh ter lambs and 9 dea th losses occurred during the second and th�rd week of the experimen t . These losses were from the l ighter lambs , mo� t  of  which weighed only about 2 0  lb . initially . Only one death loss occurred a f ter the early part of the experimen t .  One loss occurred in a chlorte tracyc�ine-s ulfame tha zine p en after 89 days . I t  appeared tha t  these l i gh t  lamb s were no t o f  s uf ficien t  s ize to wi ths tand the s tress imposed , and they prob ab ly did no t consume adequate quanti ties o f  the rations for s urviva l . The lambs  appeared generally heal thy excep t for the smaller ones and no individual medica tion was given during the experiment . The level of  feed consump tion res ul ted in an average in take o f  the additives o f  6 5  to 7 2  mg . per lamb daily . There was � s igni fi cant  (P <:. 0 1 )  dif ference in  ra.te o f  gain . Lambs  fed  s ul fame thazine o r  the comb ination of chlorte tracyc line and s ulfame thazine gained 15 . 1  and 1 8 . 9% mo re than the contro l group . These lamb s  also consumed more feed and had lower ( 10 . 1 and 9 . 7%)  feed requirements than con trol l ambs . Dif ferences in rate of gain b e tween · treatment groups were o! about . the s ame ma gni tude ' as shown in tab le 1 after  6 weeks on experiment wi th l i ttle change thereaf ter . Lambs fed chlorte tracycline gained oniy sligh tly mo re than the con trol group . They cons umed less feed but had lower ( 6 . 9% )  feed requirements than the controls . Summary Lambs  were weaned at  an e arly age ( av .  w t .  34 lb . )  and fed chlo rte tracycline , su l fame thazine or a comb ination of the two drugs at 50 gm. per ton of a "high- concentra te ( 80%) ra tion . The level of  feed cons umed resul ted in avera ge intakes o f  65 to 72  mg . per lamb d aily of  the addit ive� over the 1 1 3-day experimen t .  S tres s imposed in handl ing b e fore and after  shipping , the long haul and putting on f�ll fee d of the high concen trate ration appeared too great for the younge r l�mb s (a�out 20 lb • . in weight) . Several death losses oc curred from these )fg�t  lambs  a·nd level of feed in-take was prob ab ly insufficien t for survival under the condi tions imposed . Lambs fed sulfame thazine or a combination.o f  chlortetracyc line and sul famethazine ' gained 15 . 1  and 1 8 . 9% fas ter than con tro l lambs � wi th 10 . l  and 9 ; 9% less . feed during the 1 1 3-day experiment .  Lamb s fed ch l o r te tracycline gained only s l i gh tly more th an the c on trol g ro up but required 6 . 9% less feed . - 60 -• .· • • • • • - 3 -Tab le 1 .  Chlortetracycline-Sulfame thazine Supplement for Lambs (June 5 ,  1969 - Sep tember 26 , 1969 -- 1 1 3 days) Chlorte tra-cyclinea and Chlorte tra- Sul fa- Sulfa-Control cycl inea me thazinea me thazinea Number o f  animals 44 48 43 44 !nit . shrunk wt . ,  lb . 35 34 3 3  34 Final wt . , lb . 9 5  96 103 104 Av . daily gain , lb . 0 . 5 3 0 . 55 0 . 6 1  0 . 6 2 Av . daily ration , lb . comple te mix 2 . 70 2 . 62 2 . 8 1 2 . 88 Feed / 100 lb . gain , lb . comple te mix 507  4 72 456 462 Death los ses 3 0 3 4 ----------------·- · - - - - - - - - - - - - -aso gm .  of each drug per ton of  ration • - 6 1  -

Response of Feedlot Lambs to Chlortetracycline and Sulfamethazine

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Response of Feedlot Lambs to Chlortetracycline and Sulfamethazine

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