Gain Components in Autler-Townes Doublet from Quantum Interferences in Decay Channels

We consider non-degenerate pump-probe spectroscopy of V-systems under conditions such that interference among decay channels is important. We demonstrate how this interference can result in new gain features instead of the usual absorption features. We relate this gain to the existence of a new vacuum induced quasi-trapped-state. We further show how this also results in large refractive index with low absorption.Comment: Total 8 pages, 6 figures, submitted to Physical Review

Relationships between nitrogen utilization and grain technological quality in durum wheat: I. Nitrogen translocation and nitrogen use efficiency for protein.

Durum wheat (Triticum durum Desf.) is widely cultivated in the Mediterranean area where plants generally suffer from water stress during grain-filling period. This study was conducted to evaluate the influence of N levels and water regimes on N translocation and nitrogen use efficiency for protein (NUEP) in durum wheat grown under Mediterranean conditions. A 2-yr experiment was performed in southern Italy using four cultivars, two water regimes (irrigated and rainfed) and three N levels (0, 60, and 120 kg ha–1). Among the cultivars under study, Simeto showed the highest N translocation in both years and, together with Ofanto, also the highest NUEP values, especially in rainfed condition. This highlights their good adaptability to dry Southern Italy environment. Nitrogen fertilization caused a general decrease of NUEP and its components in both growing seasons; this was more evident in the first drier year, mainly due to a decrease in N uptake. Under water stress the higher N level caused a decrease in N translocation, N translocation efficiency, and grain N content. The contribution of translocated N to grain N content was 75% in the wetter year and 57% in the drier year, showing that in drought condition preanthesis N assimilation was lower. In conclusion under water stress condition the higher N level (120 kg ha–1), despite determining an increase in plant N content, did not imply an increase in grain N content, due to a decrease in N translocation and efficiency

Investigation of 0+ states in mercury isotopes after two-neutron transfer

Using the high-resolution Q3D magnetic spectrograph at the Maier-Leibnitz Laboratory (MLL) Tandem accelerator in Munich, we studied 0+ excitations in the mercury isotopes 198Hg, 200Hg, and 202Hg after two-neutron transfer. We only observed 4-6 excited 0+ states per nucleus up to about 3-MeV excitation energy, far fewer than in other experiments of this (p, t) campaign. The results reveal a sharp drop in the number of low-lying 0+ states towards the 208Pb shell closure. We discuss the low-energy 0+ state density as a function of the valence nucleon number Nval. The 0+ excitation energies and the measured (p, t) transfer cross sections indicate a structural change throughout the Hg isotopes, with the most notable result being the peaking in the cross section of the low-lying excited 02+ state in 200Hg