In search of the optimal cueing schedule in self-monitoring of attention with typically developing children

Self-Monitoring of Attention (SMA) is a behavioral technique in which an individual assesses whether or not a target behavior (e.g. off-task behavior) has occurred and then records the result. In this study, two components were manipulated in a SMA procedure: the use of a tactile prompt and the schedule at which prompts are delivered. While SMA is a well-established intervention for increasing on-task behavior and decreasing problem behavior, standardizing the procedures has received little to no research. The current study examined the length of the cueing interval and compared different percentages of an individual\u27s inter response time (IRT) (50% IRT, 100% IRT, and 200% IRT) during a SMA procedure with typically developing children using a tactile cueing prompt (via MotivAider™). This study showed that basing the cueing interval on IRT alone in a SMA procedure was not effective in decreasing levels of off-task behavior; however, contingent rewards (CR) alone (M = 9.9%), as well as CR with IRT cueing (M = 8.6%) had a significant effect in reducing off-task behavior from a mean baseline percentage of intervals of 42.5% for all three participants

DECENTRALIZED PLATFORM FOR AUTONOMOUS ENERGY TRANSACTIONS IN A CONSTRAINED ENVIRONMENT USING BLOCKCHAIN

Techniques are described herein to enable any electric vehicle (or other vehicles capable of transporting and dissipating energy) to broadcast the availability of excess energy using any Vehicle-to-Vehicle (V2V) mechanism. Electric/fuel availability and other information may be propagated by leveraging peer-to-peer decentralized blockchain smart contracts that can be used in a connected electric vehicle environment

Hereditary Hypophosphatemic Rickets with Hypercalciuria (HHRH) Presenting with Genu Valgum Deformity: Treatment with Phosphate Supplementation and Surgical Correction

We describe a case of hereditary hypophosphatemic rickets with hypercalciuria (HHRH) in a 32-year-old female with short stature, chronic pathologic genu valgum deformity, and knee pain who was referred to endocrinology clinic after previous inconclusive workups. We present imaging spanning 10 years of untreated disease. Biochemical studies showed hypophosphatemia with undetectable fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23.) Renal ultrasound revealed bilateral medullary nephrocalcinosis despite no apparent hypercalciuria. Due to concern for HHRH, genetic testing was performed that determined this patient to be homozygous in the SLC34A3 gene for a previously described missense variant (c.1402C \u3e T, p.Arg468Trp). There was no known family history of rickets. A bone biopsy with metabolic studies was performed for diagnostic and prognostic reasons. The histopathological findings along with tetracycline uptake studies were consistent with a diagnosis of HHRH. Treatment with phosphorous supplementation and surgical correction of her valgum deformity resulted in resolution of pain, but no change in bone histomorphometry

Effect of Extraction Method and Solvent Power on Polyphenol and Flavonoid Levels in Hyphaene Thebaica L Mart (Arecaceae) (Doum) Fruit, and its Antioxidant and Antibacterial Activities

Purpose: To evaluate the influence of extraction method and solvent type on extractable polyphenols and flavonoids in Doum Hyphaene Thebaica L. Mart. (Arecaceae) fruit, as well as to examine the antioxidant and antibacterial activities of the fruit extracts.Methods: The extraction procedures were performed separately in an ultrasonic bath or shaking water bath for 30 min (70 °C for ethanol and 60 °C for methanol) at agitation speed of 50 Hz and 70 rpm, respectively. The antioxidant potential of the extracts was investigated using â-carotene bleaching, 2,2- diphenylpicrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and reducing power ability assays. In vitro antibacterial activity of the extracts against Staphylococcus aureus, Listeria monocytogenes, Escherichia coli, and Salmonella typhi was assessed using agar disc diffusion assay.Results: Total polyphenol content (TPC) and total flavonoid content (TFC), as well as antioxidant capacity were maximized using methanol as the extraction solvent, particularly with the ultrasonic method. The half  maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) values of the methanol/ultrasonic (MU), methanol/water bath (MW), ethanol/ultrasonic (EU), and   ethanol/water bath (EW) extracts in the DPPH assay were 107.6 126.7, 172.7, and 196.3 ìg/mL, respectively. The extracts showed strong antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus and Salmonella typhi, while MU extract inhibited the growth of all pathogenic bacteria used in this study.Conclusion: The antioxidant and antibacterial activities of Doum fruit extracts are significantly affected by the type of extracting solvent and equipment used. The findings further demonstrate that MU extract had stronger antioxidant and antibacterial activity than the other extracts.Keywords: Doum fruit, Hyphaene thebaica, Ultrasonic extraction, Antioxidant, Phenolic, Flavonoid, Antibacteria

Assessment of livestock marketing associations in arid and semi-arid lands in northern Kenya

United States Agency for International Developmen

X-linked hypophosphatemia caused by the prevailing North American PHEX variant c.*231A\u3eG; exon 13–15 duplication is often misdiagnosed as ankylosing spondylitis and manifests in both men and women

Inactivating mutations of the gene coding for phosphate-regulating endopeptidase homolog X-linked (PHEX) cause X-linked hypophosphatemia (XLH). A nove

Alternatives for the Optimization of Aggregate and Pavement Properties Related to Friction and Wear Resistance - Executive Summary

DOT-FH-11-8814This report summarizes the major findings of a detailed, comprehensive report which has received only a limited distribution. The full report, FHWA-RD-78-209, is available upon request. An interdisciplinary team of researchers has conducted an in-depth review of the literature, supplemented with expert opinions, research experience, and limited tests, to develop a state-of-the-art on the topics of (a) properties of aggregates, (b) pavement texture and skid resistance, (c) tire-pavement noise, (d) tire wear, (e) light reflection and glare, (f) splash and spray, (g) rolling resistance and fuel consumption, and (h) optimal aggregates and pavement surfacing systems. A cost-benefit analysis is also summarized. The information on aggregates and their contribution to pavement texture, coarse and fine, is being used in on-going FHWA staff and contract research studies to investigate currently and potentially available ceramic and impregnation materials and processes for the manufacture or treatment of aggregates to provide extremely durable and skid-resistant pavement surfaces