60 research outputs found
Interference of functional dual-tasks on gait in untrained people with Parkinson's disease and healthy controls: a cross-sectional study
[EN] Background In Parkinson's disease (PD) population, performing secondary tasks while walking further deteriorates gait and restrict mobility in functional contexts of daily life. This study (1) analyzed the interference of functional cognitive and motor secondary task on untrained people with PD and (2) compared their walking with healthy subjects.
Methods Forty people with PD (aged 66.72 [7.5] years, Hoehn and Yahr stage I-II-III, on-medication) composed the PD group (PDG) and 43 participants (aged 66.60 [8.75] years) formed the group of healthy counterparts (HG). Gait was evaluated through spatiotemporal, kinematic and kinetic outcomes in five conditions: single task (ST) and visual, verbal, auditory and motor dual-task (DT).
Results The velocity, stride length, and braking force performance of both groups was statistically higher in the ST condition than in verbal, auditory and motor DT (p.05).
Conclusions: In untrained participants with PD, verbal and motor secondary tasks affect gait significantly, while auditory and visual tasks interfere to a lesser extent. Untrained people with PD have a poorer gait performance than their healthy counterparts, but in different grades according to the analyzed variables.
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Relations between C9orf72 expansion size in blood, age at onset, age at collection and transmission across generations in patients and presymptomatic carriers
A (GGGGCC) n repeat expansion in C9orf72 gene is the major cause of frontotemporal dementia (FTD) and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). The relations between the repeats size and the age at disease onset (AO) or the clinical phenotype (FTD vs. ALS) were investigated in 125 FTD, ALS, and presymptomatic carriers. Positive correlations were found between repeats number and the AO (p < 10 e−4 ) but our results suggested that the association was mainly driven by age at collection (p < 10 e−4 ). A weaker association was observed with clinical presentation (p = 0.02), which became nonsignificant after adjustment for the age at collection in each group. Importantly, repeats number variably expanded or contracted over time in carriers with multiple blood samples, as well as through generations in parent-offspring pairs, conversely to what occurs in several expansion diseases with anticipation at the molecular level. Finally, this study establishes that measure of repeats number in lymphocytes is not a reliable biomarker predictive of the AO or disease outcome in C9orf72 long expansion carriers
Recidiva de hernioplastia inguinal à Lichtenstein: o emprego do plug de poliproplileno
Mapping electronic resources to identify regional stakeholders for the Master of Science Degree in Applied Psychology
Includes bibliographical references
Improving Dual-Task Walking Paradigms to Detect Prodromal Parkinson’s and Alzheimer’s Diseases
International audienceGait control is a complex movement, relying on spinal, subcortical, and cortical structures. The presence of deficits in one or more of these structures will result in changes in gait automaticity and control, as is the case in several neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and Parkinson’s disease (PD). By reviewing recent findings in this field of research, current studies have shown that gait performance assessment under dual-task conditions could contribute to predict both of these diseases. Such suggestions are relevant mainly for people at putatively high risk of developing AD (i.e., older adults with mild cognitive impairment subtypes) or PD (i.e., older adults with either Mild Parkinsonian signs or LRRK2 G2019S mutation). Despite the major importance of these results, the type of cognitive task that should be used as a concurrent secondary task has to be selected among the plurality of tasks proposed in the literature. Furthermore, the key aspects of gait control that represent sensitive and specific “gait signatures” for prodromal AD or PD need to be determined. In the present perspective article, we suggest the use of a Stroop interference task requiring inhibitory attentional control and a set-shifting task requiring reactive flexibility as being particularly relevant secondary tasks for challenging gait in prodromal AD and PD, respectively. Investigating how inhibition and cognitive flexibility interfere with gait control is a promising avenue for future research aimed at enhancing early detection of AD and PD, respectively
Rapport III.13. Résolution numérique du problème de transport miscible en nappe captive par une méthode mixte aux éléments finis
The problem posed by the propagation of an ideal tracer in a quasi-horizontal-flowing captive aquifer is discussed. By means of restrictions in the formulation of the boundary conditions and exchange terms, the problem is shown to be well-defined. Additional restrictions show that the mass-fraction solution is always located between 0 and 1.
The mixing problem was solved numerically with the aid of a composite scheme which made it possible to achieve the velocity-field accuracy required for subsequent resolution of the tracer problem, for which a closely related technique was used.On étudie le problème de la propagation d’un traceur idéal dans une nappe captive en écoulement quasi horizontal.
Moyennant des restrictions dans la formulation des conditions aux limites et des termes d’échange, on montre que le problème est bien posé.
Moyennant des restrictions complémentaires, on montre que la solution en fraction de masse reste toujours comprise entre 0 et 1.
La résolution numérique du problème du mélange est abordée à l’aide d’un schéma mixte qui permet d’atteindre sur le champ des vitesses la précision nécessaire à la résolution ultérieure du problème du traceur, pour lequel un schéma très voisin est utilisé.Chastan Bernard, Darves-Bornoz J. M., Wolsack J. Rapport III.13. Résolution numérique du problème de transport miscible en nappe captive par une méthode mixte aux éléments finis. In: L'hydrotechnique au service d'une politique de l'eau. Évolution des problèmes de l'eau au cours de la dernière décennie. Compte-rendu des XVes journées de l'hydraulique. Toulouse, 5, 6 et 7 septembre 1976. Tome 1, 1979
Loss of gait control assessed by cognitive-motor dual-tasks: pros and cons in detecting people at risk of developing Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s diseases
International audienceAlzheimer’s and Parkinson’s diseases are age-related progressive neurodegenerative diseases of increasing prevalence worldwide. In the absence of curative therapy, current research is interested in prevention, by identifying subtle signs of early-stage neurodegeneration. Today, the field of behavioral neuroscience has emerged as one of the most promising areas of research on this topic. Recently, it has been shown that the exacerbation of gait disorders under dual-task conditions (i.e., simultaneous performance of cognitive and motor tasks) could be a characteristic feature of Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s diseases. The cognitive-motor dual-task paradigm during walking allows to assess whether (i) executive attention is abnormally impaired in prodromal Alzheimer’s disease or (ii) compensation strategies are used in order to preserve gait function when the basal ganglia system is altered in prodromal Parkinson’s disease. This review aims at (i) identifying patterns of dual-task-related gait changes that are specific to Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s diseases, respectively, (ii) demonstrating that these changes could potentially be used as prediagnostic markers for disease onset, (iii) reviewing pros and cons of existing dual-task studies, and (iv) proposing future directions for clinical research
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