Cotton fibre humidification at cotton ginneries

A novel humidifier has been designed and developed forimproving the quality of cotton lint, by providing more efficientand qualitative humidification of cotton lint before pressing.Existing methods of cotton lint humidification have not beenfound effective enough, do not provide required increase inmoisture content and have technological and structuraldisadvantages. The proposed humidifier ensures the gain ofmoisture content up to 1.6 % and its high uniformity

Nonlinear acousto-electric transport in a two-dimensional electron system

We study both theoretically and experimentally the nonlinear interaction between an intense surface acoustic wave and a two-dimensional electron plasma in semiconductor-piezocrystal hybrid structures. The experiments on hybrid systems exhibit strongly nonlinear acousto-electric effects. The plasma turns into moving electron stripes, the acousto-electric current reaches its maximum, and the sound absorption strongly decreases. To describe the nonlinear phenomena, we develop a coupled-amplitude method for a two-dimensional system in the strongly nonlinear regime of interaction. At low electron densities the absorption coefficient decreases with increasing sound intensity, whereas at high electron density the absorption coefficient is not a monotonous function of the sound intensity. High-harmonic generation coefficients as a function of the sound intensity have a nontrivial behavior. Theory and experiment are found to be in a good agreement.Comment: 27 pages, 6 figure

GASKAP -- The Galactic ASKAP Survey

A survey of the Milky Way disk and the Magellanic System at the wavelengths of the 21-cm atomic hydrogen (HI) line and three 18-cm lines of the OH molecule will be carried out with the Australian Square Kilometre Array Pathfinder telescope. The survey will study the distribution of HI emission and absorption with unprecedented angular and velocity resolution, as well as molecular line thermal emission, absorption, and maser lines. The area to be covered includes the Galactic plane (|b|< 10deg) at all declinations south of delta = +40deg, spanning longitudes 167deg through 360deg to 79deg at b=0deg, plus the entire area of the Magellanic Stream and Clouds, a total of 13,020 square degrees. The brightness temperature sensitivity will be very good, typically sigma_T ~ 1 K at resolution 30arcsec and 1 km/s. The survey has a wide spectrum of scientific goals, from studies of galaxy evolution to star formation, with particular contributions to understanding stellar wind kinematics, the thermal phases of the interstellar medium, the interaction between gas in the disk and halo, and the dynamical and thermal states of gas at various positions along the Magellanic Stream.Comment: 45 pages, 8 figures, Pub. Astron. Soc. Australia (in press

Exposure of Food Samples to Pulsed Microwave Radiation to Increase their Microbiological Safety and Shelf Life

The aim of the study was to increase the efficiency of decontamination of biological material and media (by the example of food products) by pulsed (non-thermal) radio emission and asses the prospects of its application in medicine and biology.Materials and methods. To achieve the goal an experimental setup has been designed, manufactured and tested, which makes it possible to study the process of exposure of biological materials and media to pulsed (non-thermal) radio emission, in particular, by the example of food products. The basis of the method is optimum control of the electro-physical parameters of the irradiating radio signal, depending on the type of the irradiated object. We used pulsed magnetrons with operating frequency of (2.45±0.05) GHz, authorized for bio-medical research, generating pulsed radiation with an adjustable power within the range of 0.1...10 kW. The pulse repetition rate with a duty cycle of 500...10000 is 0.1...5 kHz. The setup has an operating chamber into which the test sample is placed, as well as additional elements of magnetron protection and measuring the parameters of the microwave power incident on biological object.Results and discussion. The setup has been successfully used to irradiate various food samples with pathogenic micro flora (Salmonella spp. etc.) with pulsed microwave radiation. In particular, as shown by the studies, the arithmetic mean number of pathogenic bacteria in the irradiated samples of minced meat decreased by 27.5 times after 28 days of storage as compared to the control group of non-irradiated samples. Preliminary conducted experiments in the field of investigating the effect of microwave radiation on the process of cell division and other aspects of electromagnetic field influence on pathological microorganisms confirm the prospects and the expediency of continuing the ongoing studies in medicine and biology

Gamma-ray emission in radio galaxies under the VLBI scope -- II. The relationship between gamma-ray emission and parsec-scale jets in radio galaxies

Following our study of the radio and high-energy properties of $\gamma$-ray-emitting radio galaxies, here we investigate the kinematic and spectral properties of the parsec-scale jets of radio galaxies that have not yet been detected by Fermi-LAT. We take advantage of the regular VLBI observations provided by the TANAMI monitoring program, and explore the kinematic properties of six $\gamma$-ray-faint radio galaxies. We include publicly available VLBI kinematics of $\gamma$-ray-quiet radio galaxies monitored by the MOJAVE program and perform a Fermi-LAT analysis, deriving upper limits. We combine these results with those from our previous paper to construct the largest sample of radio galaxies with combined VLBI and $\gamma$-ray measurements to date. We find superluminal motion up to $\beta_\mathrm{app}=3.6$ in the jet of PKS 2153$-$69. We find a clear trend of higher apparent speed as a function of distance from the jet core on scales of $\sim10^5\,R_s$, corresponding to the end of the collimation and acceleration zone in nearby radio galaxies. We find evidence of subluminal apparent motion in the jets of PKS 1258$-$321 and IC 4296, and no measurable motion for PKS 1549$-$79, PKS 1733$-$565 and PKS 2027$-$308. We compare the VLBI properties of $\gamma$-ray-detected and undetected radio galaxies, and find significantly different distributions of median core flux density, and, possibly, of median core brightness temperature. We find a significant correlation between median core flux density and $\gamma$-ray flux, but no correlation with typical Doppler boosting indicators such as median core brightness temperature and core dominance. Our study suggests that high-energy emission from radio galaxies is related to parsec-scale radio emission from the inner jet, but is not driven by Doppler boosting effects, in contrast to the situation in their blazar counterparts.Comment: Main text: 15 pages, 12 figures, 6 tables. Appendix: 14 pages, 20 figures, 13 tables. Accepted for publication in Astronomy and Astrophysic

IMMUNOLOGICAL TOLERANCE IN ORGAN TRANSPLANTATION

Modeling of  immune tolerance will  eliminate the  need  for  taking medications to prevent rejection. This  review of available literature covers the immune mechanisms of allograft rejection and the ways of tolerance induction. The role of mesenchymal stem  cells and using them for tolerance development have been discussed. The authors also draw attention to the fact  that  blood transfusion from an organ donor  leads to a decreased  intensity of the immune response to donor cells in transplantation