3,099 research outputs found
Opinion modeling on social media and marketing aspects
We introduce and discuss kinetic models of opinion formation on social
networks in which the distribution function depends on both the opinion and the
connectivity of the agents. The opinion formation model is subsequently coupled
with a kinetic model describing the spreading of popularity of a product on the
web through a social network. Numerical experiments on the underlying kinetic
models show a good qualitative agreement with some measured trends of hashtags
on social media websites and illustrate how companies can take advantage of the
network structure to obtain at best the advertisement of their products
Searching for the Best Neighborhood: Mobility and Social Interactions
The paper seeks to contribute to the social interactions literature by exploiting data on individuals’ self-selection into neighborhoods. We study a model in which households search for the best location in the presence of neighborhood effects in the formation of children’s human capital and in the process of cultural transmission. We use micro data from the PSID which we have merged, using geocodes, with contextual information at the levels of census tracts and of counties from the 2000 US Census. We control for numerous individual characteristics and neighborhood attributes and find, consistently with neighbourhood effects models, that households with children, but not those without, are more likely to move out of neighborhoods whose attributes are not favorable to the production of human capital and the transmission of parents’ cultural traits, and to move into neighborhoods which instead exhibit desirable such attributes.
Particle based gPC methods for mean-field models of swarming with uncertainty
In this work we focus on the construction of numerical schemes for the
approximation of stochastic mean--field equations which preserve the
nonnegativity of the solution. The method here developed makes use of a
mean-field Monte Carlo method in the physical variables combined with a
generalized Polynomial Chaos (gPC) expansion in the random space. In contrast
to a direct application of stochastic-Galerkin methods, which are highly
accurate but lead to the loss of positivity, the proposed schemes are capable
to achieve high accuracy in the random space without loosing nonnegativity of
the solution. Several applications of the schemes to mean-field models of
collective behavior are reported.Comment: Communications in Computational Physics, to appea
The role of quenching time in the evolution of the mass-size relation of passive galaxies from the WISP survey
We analyze how passive galaxies at z 1.5 populate the mass-size plane
as a function of their stellar age, to understand if the observed size growth
with time can be explained with the appearance of larger quenched galaxies at
lower redshift. We use a sample of 32 passive galaxies extracted from the Wide
Field Camera 3 Infrared Spectroscopic Parallel (WISP) survey with spectroscopic
redshift 1.3 z 2.05, specific star-formation rates lower
than 0.01 Gyr, and stellar masses above 4.5 10
M. All galaxies have spectrally determined stellar ages from fitting of
their rest-frame optical spectra and photometry with stellar population models.
When dividing our sample into young (age 2.1 Gyr) and old (age 2.1
Gyr) galaxies we do not find a significant trend in the distributions of the
difference between the observed radius and the one predicted by the mass-size
relation. This result indicates that the relation between the galaxy age and
its distance from the mass-size relation, if it exists, is rather shallow, with
a slope alpha -0.6. At face value, this finding suggests that
multiple dry and/or wet minor mergers, rather than the appearance of newly
quenched galaxies, are mainly responsible for the observed time evolution of
the mass-size relation in passive galaxies.Comment: Accepted for publication in ApJ Letters; 6 pages, 3 figures, 1 tabl
Structure preserving schemes for Fokker–Planck equations with nonconstant diffusion matrices
In this work we consider an extension of a recently proposed structure preserving numerical scheme for nonlinear Fokker–Planck-type equations to the case of nonconstant full diffusion matrices. While in existing works the schemes are formulated in a one-dimensional setting, here we consider exclusively the two-dimensional case. We prove that the proposed schemes preserve fundamental structural properties like nonnegativity of the solution without restriction on the size of the mesh and entropy dissipation. Moreover, all the methods presented here are at least second order accurate in the transient regimes and arbitrarily high order for large times in the hypothesis in which the flux vanishes at the stationary state. Suitable numerical tests will confirm the theoretical results
Degenerate Kolmogorov equations and ergodicity for the stochastic Allen–Cahn equation with logarithmic potential
A nonequilibrium renormalization group approach to turbulent reheating
We use nonequilibrium renormalization group (RG) techniques to analyze the
thermalization process in quantum field theory, and by extension reheating
after inflation. Even if at a high scale the theory is described by a
non-dissipative theory, the RG running induces nontrivial
noise and dissipation. For long wavelength, slowly varying field
configurations, the noise and dissipation are white and ohmic, respectively.
The theory will then tend to thermalize to an effective temperature given by
the fluctuation-dissipation theorem.Comment: 8 pages, 2 figures; to appear in J. Phys. A; more detailed account of
the calculation of the noise and dissipation kernel
Análises do sêmen de suínos em centrais de inseminação artificial e detecção de circovírus suíno tipo 2 (PCV2).
bitstream/item/58128/1/CUsersPiazzonDocuments438.pd
Kinematics of galaxies from [CII] line emission
We study the kinematical properties of galaxies in the Epoch of Reionization
via the [CII] 158m line emission. The line profile provides information on
the kinematics as well as structural properties such as the presence of a disk
and satellites. To understand how these properties are encoded in the line
profile, first we develop analytical models from which we identify disk
inclination and gas turbulent motions as the key parameters affecting the line
profile. To gain further insights, we use "Althaea", a highly-resolved () simulated prototypical Lyman Break Galaxy, in the redshift range , when the galaxy is in a very active assembling phase. Based on
morphology, we select three main dynamical stages: I) Merger , II) Spiral Disk,
and III) Disturbed Disk. We identify spectral signatures of merger events,
spiral arms, and extra-planar flows in I), II), and III), respectively. We
derive a generalised dynamical mass vs. [CII]-line FWHM relation. If precise
information on the galaxy inclination is (not) available, the returned mass
estimate is accurate within a factor (). A Tully-Fisher relation is
found for the observed high- galaxies, i.e. for which we provide a simple, physically-based
interpretation. Finally, we perform mock ALMA simulations to check the
detectability of [CII]. When seen face-on, Althaea is always detected at ; in the edge-on case it remains undetected because the larger
intrinsic FWHM pushes the line peak flux below detection limit. This suggests
that some of the reported non-detections might be due to inclination effects.Comment: 14 pages, 12 figures, accepted for publication in MNRA
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