419 research outputs found
Von der Praxis für die Praxis:Kursleiter/innen-Berichte über Erfahrungen mit Lernsoftware in Grundbildung und Alphabetisierung
Kann der Einsatz von Neuen Medien das Lernen Erwachsener in Grundbildung und Alphabetisierung positiv beeinflussen? Acht Erfahrungsberichte aus der Praxis geben wichtige Hinweise wie Einsatzmöglichkeiten ausgelotet, Schwierigkeiten überwunden und Chancen eines computergestützten Lernprozesses genutzt werden können. Die Rolle des Lehrenden verändert sich ebenso wie sich das Lernen der Teilnehmenden durch mehr Selbstständigkeit verändert. Auch an die Lernsoftware sind besondere Anforderungen zu stellen
Bite weight prediction from acoustic recognition of chewing
Automatic dietary monitoring (ADM) offers new perspectives to reduce the self-reporting burden for participants in diet coaching programs. This paper presents an approach to predict weight of individual bites taken. We utilize a pattern recognition procedure to spot chewing cycles and food type in continuous data from an ear-pad chewing sound sensor. The recognized information is used to predict bite weight. We present our recognition procedure and demonstrate its operation on a set of three selected foods of different bite weights. Our evaluation is based on chewing sensor data of eight healthy study participants performing 504 habitual bites in total. The sound-based chewing recognition achieved recalls of 80% at 60%-70% precision. Food classification of chewing sequences resulted in an average accuracy of 94%. In total, 50 variables were derived from the chewing microstructure, and were analyzed for correlations between chewing behavior and bite weight. A subset of four variables was selected to predict bite weight using linear food-specific models. Mean weight prediction error was lowest for apples (19.4%) and largest for lettuce (31%) using the sound-based recognition. We conclude that bite weight prediction using acoustic chewing recordings is a feasible approach for solid foods, and should be further investigated
Psychophysiological body activation characteristics in daily routines
We present a novel approach to analyse and model psychophysiological body activation patterns that emerge from physical and mental activity during daily routines. We analyse our approach on a 62h dataset of daily routine recordings using acceleration and heart rate sensors. We present a descriptive analysis of psychophysiological activations during the routines using a novel visualisation technique. Our results show that daily routines exhibit different psychophysiological body activation characteristics. While physically-related routines are correlated with heart activity, mentally-related routines show activation patterns without physical activity. © 2009 IEEE
A Designation Guide for Consistent Cross-System-Level Modeling of Embodiment Function Relations
Microcanonical Determination of the Interface Tension of Flat and Curved Interfaces from Monte Carlo Simulations
The investigation of phase coexistence in systems with multi-component order
parameters in finite systems is discussed, and as a generic example, Monte
Carlo simulations of the two-dimensional q-state Potts model (q=30) on LxL
square lattices (40<=L<=100) are presented. It is shown that the microcanonical
ensemble is well-suited both to find the precise location of the first order
phase transition and to obtain an accurate estimate for the interfacial free
energy between coexisting ordered and disordered phases. For this purpose, a
microcanonical version of the heatbath algorithm is implemented. The finite
size behaviour of the loop in the curve describing the inverse temperature
versus energy density is discussed, emphasizing that the extrema do not have
the meaning of van der Waals-like "spinodal points" separating metastable from
unstable states, but rather describe the onset of heterophase states:
droplet/bubble evaporation/condensation transitions. Thus all parts of these
loops, including the parts that correspond to a negative specific heat,
describe phase coexistence in full thermal equilibrium. However, the estimates
for the curvature-dependent interface tension of the droplets and bubbles
suffer from unexpected and unexplained large finite size effects which need
further study.Comment: submitted to special issue "Liquid Matter" of Journal of Physics C:
Condensed Matter on occasion of the 8th Liquid Matter Conference held Sept.
6-10, 2011 in Vienna, Austri
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Influence of Heat-Treatment of Selective Laser Melting Products - e.g. Ti6Al4V
Usually additive manufactured metal parts are showing a different mechanical behavior compared to
conventionally produced parts used the same material. Apart from process-related macroscopic part
imperfections (pores, surface roughness, etc.) the microstructure has a decisive influence on the mechanical
properties of the materials. Thus, in order to optimize mechanical properties of metal parts a heat treatment for
changing microstructures is routinely applied in most production lines to meet the product requirements. By
means of the Titanium alloy Ti6Al4V the optimization of the static- and the fracture mechanical behavior by
changing the microstructure with a heat treatment after the SLM process is discussed on the present work.Mechanical Engineerin
Using Sound to Help Visually Impaired Children Play Independently
Play is important in the early development of young
children, as it encourages them to explore the world,
develop skills and learn to socialise with their peers.
Blind and visually impaired children face challenges that
can stop them becoming involved in play activities at
nursery and school, leading to dependence on adults
and reducing the benefit of playtime. We are exploring
the use of an audio bracelet for young children, which
uses sound to help them overcome these challenges
through better awareness of their surroundings. We
describe the design and prototyping of our system and
present scenarios which demonstrate its use
Understanding the variation of physical elements and their impact on properties and functions: a case study on roll stabilization systems
This paper explores the variation in physical elements, functions, and properties of roll stabilization systems in automobiles over successive generations. Two key methodologies, Characteristics-Properties Modelling (CPM) / Property-Driven Development/Design (PDD) and the C&C²-Approach (Contact and Channel Approach), are utilized to analyze the attributes of the system elements and their functional correlations. Through detailed comparison of traditional roll stabilization subsystems and the active roll stabilization system, the research uncovers several correlations between variation types and system properties. The findings show the importance of attribute variation for understanding complex mechatronic systems. The research results may guide future planning of new product generations and foster innovative solutions in the early phases of product development
Finite strain Landau theory of high pressure phase transformations
The properties of materials near structural phase transitions are often
successfully described in the framework of Landau theory. While the focus is
usually on phase transitions, which are induced by temperature changes
approaching a critical temperature T-c, here we will discuss structural phase
transformations driven by high hydrostatic pressure, as they are of major
importance for understanding processes in the interior of the earth. Since at
very high pressures the deformations of a material are generally very large,
one needs to apply a fully nonlinear description taking physical as well as
geometrical nonlinearities (finite strains) into account. In particular it is
necessary to retune conventional Landau theory to describe such phase
transitions. In Troster et al (2002 Phys. Rev. Lett. 88 55503) we constructed a
Landau-type free energy based on an order parameter part, an order
parameter-(finite) strain coupling and a nonlinear elastic term. This model
provides an excellent and efficient framework for the systematic study of phase
transformations for a wide range of materials up to ultrahigh pressures
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