Morphological and biochemical indicators of Fusarium oxysporum f sp. fragariae in strawberry crops (Fragaria x ananassa Duch) in the province of Pichincha, Ecuador

ArticleFusarium oxysporum f. sp. fragariae is a fungal pathogen, transmitted by soil in crops of strawberry (Fragaria x ananassa Duch.), which causes wilt disease that, kill the strawberry cultivars. The disease caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp., fragariae is hard to detect as the of the symptoms are similar with other soil-borne diseases. In spite of detection methods targeted F. oxysporum using molecular criteria have been developed, they have not been shown to successfully identity the unique identity of F. oxysporum strain that causes this disease. In Ecuador, the cultivation of strawberry has acquired great importance for the consumption, promoting the increase of its production. However, the process of importing plant material from producing countries for the purpose of improving production has contributed to the spread of the fungus. The objective of this study was to identify the presence of the Fusarium oxysporum f. sp fragariae by means of morphometric identification and the application of biochemical methods (BIOLOG) in the province of Pichincha. Fifty-two diseased strawberry plants and 52 asymptomatic plants were analyzed. Of these, 13 isolates were identified by morphometry as F. oxysporum. However, through BIOLOG four strains were identified as F. oxysporum, 5 as Fusarium sp., 2 F. lateritium, 1 F. udum and 1 strain as F. sacchari. The results obtained through the identification and evaluation confirmed the presence of F. oxysporum f. sp., fragariae in evaluated strawberry cultivars, thus determining the high risk to exist if the pathogen spreads in new plantations in Ecuador

4to. Congreso Internacional de Ciencia, Tecnología e Innovación para la Sociedad. Memoria académica

Este volumen acoge la memoria académica de la Cuarta edición del Congreso Internacional de Ciencia, Tecnología e Innovación para la Sociedad, CITIS 2017, desarrollado entre el 29 de noviembre y el 1 de diciembre de 2017 y organizado por la Universidad Politécnica Salesiana (UPS) en su sede de Guayaquil. El Congreso ofreció un espacio para la presentación, difusión e intercambio de importantes investigaciones nacionales e internacionales ante la comunidad universitaria que se dio cita en el encuentro. El uso de herramientas tecnológicas para la gestión de los trabajos de investigación como la plataforma Open Conference Systems y la web de presentación del Congreso http://citis.blog.ups.edu.ec/, hicieron de CITIS 2017 un verdadero referente entre los congresos que se desarrollaron en el país. La preocupación de nuestra Universidad, de presentar espacios que ayuden a generar nuevos y mejores cambios en la dimensión humana y social de nuestro entorno, hace que se persiga en cada edición del evento la presentación de trabajos con calidad creciente en cuanto a su producción científica. Quienes estuvimos al frente de la organización, dejamos plasmado en estas memorias académicas el intenso y prolífico trabajo de los días de realización del Congreso Internacional de Ciencia, Tecnología e Innovación para la Sociedad al alcance de todos y todas

Adverse events during the COVID-19 pandemic in Ecuador: high frequency of healthcare-associated infections and increasing hospital stay and costs

Summary: Background: The COVID-19 pandemic generated high workloads given the high volume of seriously ill patients; conditions that could increase the risk of adverse events (AE). This study analyzed the frequency of AE in patients with COVID-19 and their effect on mortality, hospital stay and costs. Methods: This retrospective cohort study included in-patients with COVID-19 at a single hospital between March 2020–June 2021. Exposure was the occurrence of at least one AE. Hospital stay, costs and death were considered outcomes. Clinical information and direct costs were obtained from medical and billing records. Generalized linear models were used to estimate the association measures. Results: 405 patients were included, 55.8% (n=226) men, median age 56 years (IQR: 41.0–70.0) and with a history of hypertension (26.2%; n=106), diabetes mellitus (13.8%; n=56) and obesity (13.8%; n=56). The incidence of AE was 13.3% (n=54), 29 patients presented more than one AE, for a total of 70 events. Most events (74.3%; n=52) were preventable and the most frequent were healthcare-associated infections (50%; n=35), phlebitis (14.3%; n=10) and pressure ulcers (12.9%; n=9). AE prolonged hospital stay (change rate: 1.57; 95%CI: 1.26–1.95; P=0.001) and increased direct healthcare costs (change rate: 1.20; 95% CI: 1.03–1.39, P=0.019). Likewise, the risk of death was 56% higher in patients with AE. Conclusion: Pandemics are unexpected events that present challenges to safe healthcare. Improving quality policies, monitoring compliance with protocols and providing ongoing education are strategies to prevent AE such as healthcare-associated infections, which increase hospital costs and stay

Myeloid OTULIN deficiency couples RIPK3-dependent cell death to Nlrp3 inflammasome activation and IL-1\u3b2 secretion

Abstract: Loss-of-function mutations in the deubiquitinase OTULIN result in an inflammatory pathology termed \u201cOTULIN-related autoinflammatory syndrome\u201d (ORAS). Genetic mouse models revealed essential roles for OTULIN in inflammatory and cell death signaling, but the mechanisms by which OTULIN deficiency connects cell death to inflammation remain unclear. Here, we identify OTULIN deficiency as a cellular condition that licenses RIPK3-mediated cell death in murine macrophages, leading to Nlrp3 inflammasome activation and subsequent IL-1\u3b2 secretion. OTULIN deficiency uncoupled Nlrp3 inflammasome activation from gasdermin D\u2013mediated pyroptosis, instead allowing RIPK3-dependent cell death to act as an Nlrp3 inflammasome activator and mechanism for IL-1\u3b2 release. Accordingly, elevated serum IL-1\u3b2 levels in myeloid-specific OTULIN-deficient mice were diminished by deleting either Ripk3 or Nlrp3 . These findings identify OTULIN as an inhibitor of RIPK3-mediated IL-1\u3b2 release in mice

Factores que inciden en la presencia de la depresion en adolescentes

The general psychosocial expositions of the psychopathology of flowering affirm that the family framework plays an important role in the gestation of the adaptive and maladaptive functioning of children. In addition, virtually all theories of depression claim that defective relationships between parents and children play an important role in the etiology of this damage. According to these theoretical formulations, family risk makers have been the focus of most of the research on adolescent depression. Several studies have shown that insecure affection and the upbringing of children characterized by coldness, rejection, severe discipline and unpleasant mood are effectively related to the depressive symptoms of adolescents. Some searches indicate that empowered paternity, conceptualized as a fusion of warmth, approval, firm control and democratic discipline, is associated with the least depressive signs among adolescents. Pathogenic factors in the family, such as the depression of procreators, changes in family technique, transgression or abandonment, can even contribute to depression in adolescence. A causal relationship between faulty parade and depression is probably the interaction between hereditary, cognitive, emotional, interpersonal and kinship environmental aspects.As exposições psicossociais gerais da psicopatologia da floração afirmam que a estrutura familiar desempenha um papel importante na gestação do funcionamento adaptativo e mal-adaptativo das crianças. Além disso, virtualmente todas as teorias da depressão afirmam que relacionamentos defeituosos entre pais e filhos desempenham um papel importante na etiologia desse dano. De acordo com essas formulações teóricas, os criadores de risco familiar têm sido o foco da maioria das pesquisas sobre depressão adolescente. Vários estudos demonstraram que o carinho inseguro e a educação de crianças caracterizadas por frieza, rejeição, disciplina severa e humor desagradável estão efetivamente relacionados aos sintomas depressivos dos adolescentes. Algumas pesquisas indicam que a paternidade fortalecida, conceituada como uma fusão de calor humano, aprovação, controle firme e disciplina democrática, está associada aos sinais menos depressivos entre os adolescentes. Fatores patogênicos na família, como a depressão de procriadores, alterações na técnica familiar, transgressão ou abandono, podem até contribuir para a depressão na adolescência. Uma relação causal entre parada defeituosa e depressão é provavelmente a interação entre aspectos ambientais hereditários, cognitivos, emocionais, interpessoais e de parentesco.Las exposiciones psicosociales generales de la psicopatología del florecimiento afirman que el marco familiar desempeña un papel importante en la gestación del funcionamiento adaptativo y desadaptativo de los niños. Además, prácticamente todas las tesis de la depresión afirman que las relaciones defectuosas entre padres e hijos desempeñan un papel importante en la etiología de este perjuicio. De acuerdo con estas formulaciones teóricas, los hacedores de riesgo familiar han sido el foco de la mayoría de las indagaciones sobre la depresión en la adolescencia. Varios estudios han evidenciado que el afecto inseguro y la crianza de los hijos caracterizados por la frialdad, el rechazo, la disciplina severa y el talante poco conveniente se relacionan efectivamente con los indicios depresivos de los adolescentes. Algunas búsquedas indican que la paternidad facultada, conceptualizada como una fusión de calidez, aprobación, control firme y disciplina democrática, se asocia con las señales menos depresivas entre los adolescentes. Los factores patogénicos en el ámbito familiar, como la depresión de los procreadores, los cambios en la técnica familiar, la transgresión o el abandono, incluso pueden contribuir a la depresión en la adolescencia. Una relación causal entre desfile defectuoso y depresión es probablemente la interacción entre aspectos ambientales hereditarios, cognitivos, emocionales, interpersonales y parientes

The Ophiuchus DIsc Survey Employing ALMA (ODISEA) - I: project description and continuum images at 28 au resolution

We introduce the Ophiuchus DIsc Survey Employing ALMA (ODISEA), a project aiming to study the entire population of Spitzer-selected protoplanetary discs in the Ophiuchus Molecular Cloud (~300 objects) from both millimetre continuum and CO isotopologues data. Here we present 1.3 mm/230 GHz continuum images of 147 targets at 0.2 arcsec (28 au) resolution and a typical rms of 0.15 mJy. We detect a total of 133 discs, including the individual components of 11 binary systems and 1 triple system. 60 of these discs are spatially resolved. We find clear substructures (inner cavities, rings, gaps, and/or spiral arms) in eight of the sources and hints of such structures in another four discs. We construct the disc luminosity function for our targets and perform preliminary comparisons to other regions. A simple conversion between flux and dust mass (adopting standard assumptions) indicates that all discs detected at 1.3 mm are massive enough to form one or more rocky planets. In contrast, only ~50 discs (~1/3 of the sample) have enough mass in the form of dust to form the canonical 10 M‚äï core needed to trigger runaway gas accretion and the formation of gas giant planets, although the total mass of solids already incorporated into bodies larger than cm scales is mostly unconstrained. The distribution in continuum disc sizes in our sample is heavily weighted towards compact discs: most detected discs have radii < 15 au, while only 23 discs ({~ }15{{ per cent}} of the targets) have radii > 30 au

The Ophiuchus DIsc Survey Employing ALMA (ODISEA) - I: project description and continuum images at 28 au resolution

International audienceWe introduce the Ophiuchus DIsc Survey Employing ALMA (ODISEA), a project aiming to study the entire population of Spitzer-selected protoplanetary discs in the Ophiuchus Molecular Cloud (∼300 objects) from both millimetre continuum and CO isotopologues data. Here we present 1.3 mm/230 GHz continuum images of 147 targets at 0.2 arcsec (28 au) resolution and a typical rms of 0.15 mJy. We detect a total of 133 discs, including the individual components of 11 binary systems and 1 triple system. 60 of these discs are spatially resolved. We find clear substructures (inner cavities, rings, gaps, and/or spiral arms) in eight of the sources and hints of such structures in another four discs. We construct the disc luminosity function for our targets and perform preliminary comparisons to other regions. A simple conversion between flux and dust mass (adopting standard assumptions) indicates that all discs detected at 1.3 mm are massive enough to form one or more rocky planets. In contrast, only ∼50 discs (∼1/3 of the sample) have enough mass in the form of dust to form the canonical 10 M⊕ core needed to trigger runaway gas accretion and the formation of gas giant planets, although the total mass of solids already incorporated into bodies larger than cm scales is mostly unconstrained. The distribution in continuum disc sizes in our sample is heavily weighted towards compact discs: most detected discs have radii 30 au