Ganho de fitomassa e acúmulo de N atmosférico em plantas de feijão-caupi inoculadas com rizóbio.

Este trabalho teve como objetivo verificar o ganho de matéria seca e o acúmulo de N na parte aérea de plantas de feijão-caupi [Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp] inoculadas com estirpes de rizóbio específicas

Measuring labour mismatch in Europe

We calculate aggregate and comparable measures of mismatch in the labour market for 30 European countries. These indicators measure vertical mismatch (related to the level of education, e.g. overeducation, and undereducation) and horizontal mismatch (related to the field of education) and are comparable across countries and through time. In European countries, between 15 % to nearly 35 % of workers have a job for which they have more (or less) qualifications than the usual level. Approximately 20 % to nearly 50 % work in a job for which they do not have the usual field qualification. There is a great variability on mismatch across European labour markets. Undereducation affects more workers than overeducation in most European countries. Low correlations between mismatch and unemployment indicate that mismatch should be regarded as an additional informative variable, thus useful to characterize labour markets.info:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersio

Evaluation of the joint effect of glyphosate and dimethoate using a small-scale terrestrial ecosystem

In the present work a small-scale terrestrial ecosystem (STEM) containing a soil collected from an agricultural field in Central Portugal was used to evaluate the effects of the combination of the herbicide glyphosate and the insecticide dimethoate. Earthworms (Eisenia andrei), isopods (Porcellionides pruinosus), turnip seeds (Brassica rapa), and bait-lamina strips were placed in the STEM. The results showed that the application of the recommended field dose of both pesticides did not cause any effect on the weight variation of earthworms and growth of the plants. The application of the herbicide, even at 5 and 10 times the field dose, increased feeding activity in soil (bait-lamina test), although the application of dimethoate led to a decrease in feeding activity in all concentrations tested. The binary mixtures performed showed that according to the Independent Action model, synergism (higher effect than expected from the single exposures) was observed in both the shoot length and fresh weight of B. rapa at 5 times the field dose, but antagonism was observed at 10 times the field dose. Regarding the germination success, synergism was observed at the field dose, but antagonism was detected at 5 times and 10 times the field dose. There was a decrease on the earthworm's weight in all concentrations tested, although no statistical differences were observed in any of the treatments made. Regarding depth distribution of E. andrei, worms were found in the upper layer more than it was predicted for all concentrations. In the mixtures with the field and 5 times the field dose there was a decrease in the feeding activity (bait-lamina consumption) by the soil fauna. From the four biomarkers assessed on the isopods (Catalase, Acetylcholinesterase, Glutathione-S-transferase, and Lipid peroxidation), only a significant decrease in the Acetylcholinesterase activity upon dimethoate and the binary mixtures exposures performed with the field dose was observed and on Lipid peroxidation at the field doses of single and binary exposures. (C) 2011 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved

Neuronal deletion of GSK3beta increases microtubule speed in the growth cone and enhances axon regeneration via CRMP-2 and independently of MAP1B and CLASP2

BACKGROUND: In the adult central nervous system, axonal regeneration is abortive. Regulators of microtubule dynamics have emerged as attractive targets to promote axonal growth following injury as microtubule organization is pivotal for growth cone formation. In this study, we used conditioned neurons with high regenerative capacity to further dissect cytoskeletal mechanisms that might be involved in the gain of intrinsic axon growth capacity. RESULTS: Following a phospho-site broad signaling pathway screen, we found that in conditioned neurons with high regenerative capacity, decreased glycogen synthase kinase 3β (GSK3β) activity and increased microtubule growth speed in the growth cone were present. To investigate the importance of GSK3β regulation during axonal regeneration in vivo, we used three genetic mouse models with high, intermediate or no GSK3β activity in neurons. Following spinal cord injury, reduced GSK3β levels or complete neuronal deletion of GSK3β led to increased growth cone microtubule growth speed and promoted axon regeneration. While several microtubule-interacting proteins are GSK3β substrates, phospho-mimetic collapsin response mediator protein 2 (T/D-CRMP-2) was sufficient to decrease microtubule growth speed and neurite outgrowth of conditioned neurons and of GSK3β-depleted neurons, prevailing over the effect of decreased levels of phosphorylated microtubule-associated protein 1B (MAP1B) and through a mechanism unrelated to decreased levels of phosphorylated cytoplasmic linker associated protein 2 (CLASP2). In addition, phospho-resistant T/A-CRMP-2 counteracted the inhibitory myelin effect on neurite growth, further supporting the GSK3β-CRMP-2 relevance during axon regeneration. CONCLUSIONS: Our work shows that increased microtubule growth speed in the growth cone is present in conditions of increased axonal growth, and is achieved following inactivation of the GSK3β-CRMP-2 pathway, enhancing axon regeneration through the glial scar. In this context, our results support that a precise control of microtubule dynamics, specifically in the growth cone, is required to optimize axon regrowth

Eficiência simbiótica e componentes de produção de caupi (Vigna unguiculata (L) Walp) em área irrigada do semi-árido baiano.

O objetivo deste trabalho foi o de avaliar a eficiência simbiótica e os componentes de produção do cultivo de feijão caupi inoculado com estirpes específicas em uma área irrigada do semi-árido baiano

Avaliação de cultivares e linhagens de mamoneira na Zona da Mata do Estado de Pernambuco.

Com o objetivo de avaliar a produtividade de diferentes cultivares e linhagens de mamoneira (Ricinus communis L) cultivadas em condições de sequeiro da zona da mata pemambucana, um experimento foi instalado no Campo Experimental da Empresa Pemambucana de Pesquisa Agropecuária- IPA, município de Vitória de Santo Antão-PE (long.: 08°08'S, lat.: 35°22'W, altitude: 146m) com precipitação pluviométrica média anual de 1.834mm, concentrada no período de abril a julho, e temperatura média de 27,1 oC. O plantio foi feito em 10 de julho de 2005, ocorrendo a partir desta data uma precipitação pluviométrica correspondente a 273mm, concentrada nos meses de julho e agosto, até o final do primeiro ciclo produtivo da cultura. O delineamento experimental foi de blocos ao acaso com onze tratamentos: oito linhagens - CNPAM-2001-63, CNPAM-2001-16, CNPAM-2001-5, CNPAM-2001-9, CNPAM-2001-77, CNPAM-2001-51, CNPAM-2001-70, CNPAM-2001-2, e três cultivares -BRS- 149/Nordestina, BRS-188/Paraguaçu e SM-5/Pemambucana, com quatro repetições, em espaçamento de 3,00 m entre fileiras e 1,0 m na fileira, sendo cada parcela composta por 10 plantas na fileira, com uma planta por cova. Dez dias após o plantio da mamoneira, três linhas de feijão (Faseolus vugaris L.) foram plantadas entre suas fileiras. Para a mamoneira. procedeu-se uma adubação de fundação com superfosfato simples (110g/cova) e, aos 35 dias após, uma adubação em cobertura com sulfato amônio (30g/cova) e cloreto de potássio (15g/cova). Os resultados obtidos mostram que as linhagens/cultivares que mais produziram sementes foram: CNPAM 2001-16 (331Kglha), BRS-149/Nordestina (279Kglha), BRS- 188/Paraguaçu (276Kg/ha), CNPAM 2001-70 (276Kg/ha) e as menos produtivas foram CNPAM 2001-77 (217Kg/ha), CNPAM 2001-51 (168Kg/ha). A baixa altitude pode ter influenciado a produção de sementes que foi inferior àquela obtida em áreas com altitude superior a 300m. Embora tenha ocorrido uma precipitação pluviométrica expressiva durante o ano de 2005, as linhagens/cultivares apresentaram baixa produtividade de sementes. A produção do feijão não foi quantificada em virtude do severo ataque de doenças fúngicas e bacterianas que afetou a sobrevivência das plantas

Development of a dextrin-based hydrogel for bone regeneration

[Excerpt] Bone tissue engineering is a very challenging and promising field, which handles with the limitations of bone regenerative capacity and the failure of current orthopedic implants [1]. This work describes the preparation and characterization of an injectable dextrin-based hydrogel (oDex) able to incorporate nanoparticles, cells, biomolecules or Bonelike~ granules [2]. (...

Relatório de treinamento em serviço no ICRISAT (India).

Algumas informações sobre o ICRISAT; Sistemas de cultivo; Fertilidade do solo.bitstream/item/136300/1/32378-1.pd

On the implementation of the gamma function for image correction on a endoscopic camera

This paper describes part of project that implemented the image processing of a CMOS sensor for endoscopic purposes. The sensor is a small sized device of 1x1mm2 and the image processing has been done inside a FPGA. This part of the work describes the implementation of the Gamma function with a balance between the resources needed and the accuracy. A linear piecewise solution was used that stores the values for 31 gamma functions with values ranging from 1 to 4 with 0.1 steps. The solution developed is 10 bit based, was coded in VHDL and is implemented in a Spartan 6 FPGA. The results show that it is an accurate solution that has a small footprint in terms of used resources.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio