An estimate of necessary effort in the development of software projects

International Workshop on Intelligent Technologies for Software Engineering (WITSE'04). 19th IEEE International Conference on Automated Software Engineering (Linz, Austria, September 20th - 25th, 2004)The estimated of the effort in the development of software projects has already been studied in the field of software engineering. For this purpose different ways of measurement such as Unes of code and function points, generally addressed to relate software size with project cost (effort) have been used. In this work we are presenting a research project that deals with this field, us'mg machine learning techniques to predict the software project cost. Several public set of data are used. The analysed sets of data only relate the effort invested in the development of software projects and the size of the resultant code. For this reason, we can say that the data used are poor. Despite that, the results obtained are good, because they improve the ones obtained in previous analyses. In order to get results closer to reality we should find data sets of a bigger size that take into account more variables, thus offering more possibilities to obtain solutions in a more efficient way.Publicad

A method for the separation of paramagnetic, ferrimagnetic and haematite magnetic subfabrics using high-field torque magnetometry

In this study, the contribution of the paramagnetic, ferrimagnetic and haematite components to the magnetic anisotropy is separated by means of high-field torque magnetometry. Torque measurements at different fields, which are high enough to saturate the ferrimagnetic minerals, however, still low enough that the torque resulting from the haematite is linear with field, allow for the separation of the three magnetic anisotropy components. The method has been applied to haematite single crystals in which no paramagnetic or ferrimagnetic components have been found contribute to the torque signal. The mean direction of the poles to the crystallographic basal plane in the haematite single crystals is subparallel to the minimum-susceptibility direction measured in low-field. The separation analysis has also been applied to highly deformed red beds from the Lower Glarus nappe complex (Switzerland). No ferrimagnetic phases are present in the rocks and, therefore, they cannot contribute to the anisotropy of magnetic susceptibility. The magnetic fabric arises from a paramagnetic subfabric carried by the phyllosilicate minerals and haematite, in which the basal planes of both phases are in the cleavage plane. The measured magnetic lineation seen in low-field anisotropy of magnetic susceptibility appears to be an apparent lineation that arises from a weak girdling of haematite and the paramagnetic minerals conforming the roc

Evidence for weak ferromagnetic moment within the basal plane of hematite natural crystals at low temperature

Lowerature magnetization of hematite within the basal plane has been studied in a collection of natural crystals by means of torque magnetometry. Comparison between the torque curves at room temperature and at 77 K allows identification of a weak ferromagnetic moment constrained within the basal plane at temperatures well below the Morin transition. Annealing the samples produces the expected reduction of the weak ferromagnetic moment, but there is also a relationship between the ferromagnetic moment before and after annealing. Lowerature measurements after the annealing experiment reveal the presence of a weak ferromagnetic moment that survives the annealing. This observation suggests the magnetic structure of natural hematite crystals below the Morin transition can still be a carrier of magnetization. Key Points A weak ferromagnetic (WFM) moment is detected below the Morin transition The WFM lies within the basal plane Natural Hematite is not a pure AF below TM ©2013. American Geophysical Union. All Rights Reserved.Peer Reviewe

Análisis didáctico del proceso matemático de modelización en alumnos de secundaria

En este trabajo se analiza didácticamente el proceso matemático de modelización en relación con las dificultades y errores de un grupo de alumnos de educación secundaria. Se consideran dos situaciones problemáticas relativas a este proceso, que se estudian desde las perspectivas epistemológica, semiótica y fenomenológica que propone el Enfoque Lógico Semiótico (ELOS) (Socas, 2007). Se concluye relacionando estas dificultades y errores de los alumnos con la organización de la enseñanza de la modelización en la secundaria, mostrando también el papel que juegan en dicho proceso otros como la sustitución formal y la generalización, así como las estructuras y las operaciones matemáticas implicadas en el mismo

Reversible Graphene decoupling by NaCl photo-dissociation

We describe the reversible intercalation of Na under graphene on Ir(111) by photo-dissociation of a previously adsorbed NaCl overlayer. After room temperature evaporation, NaCl adsorbs on top of graphene forming a bilayer. With a combination of electron diffraction and photoemission techniques we demonstrate that the NaCl overlayer dissociates upon a short exposure to an X-ray beam. As a result, chlorine desorbs while sodium intercalates under the graphene, inducing an electronic decoupling from the underlying metal. Low energy electron diffraction shows the disappearance of the moir\'e pattern when Na intercalates between graphene and iridium. Analysis of the Na 2p core-level by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy shows a chemical change from NaCl to metallic buried Na at the graphene/Ir interface. The intercalation-decoupling process leads to a n-doped graphene due to the charge transfer from the Na, as revealed by constant energy angle resolved X-ray photoemission maps. Moreover, the process is reversible by a mild annealing of the samples without damaging the graphene

Ethics on the corporate websites of the main advertising agencies in Spain

Although a significant number of studies have been carried out in relation to the ethical criteria of advertising messages in Spain, little or no research has been done on the corporate ethics of advertising agencies. Based on a content analysis methodology, the research presented here provides a twofold account of the ethical dimension of agency self-advertising on the Internet by reading (1) corporate ethics statements and (2) corporate identity statements. The results of such reading disclose that only a minimal percentage of companies is bound by particular ethical commitments and only one advertising agency makes explicit reference to ethical concerns in its corporate identity statemen