Fishtail projectile points from South America: the Brazilian record

The projectile points known as Fishtail or Fell represent a specific design associated with the earliesthunter-gatherers of the Pleistocene-Holocene transition in South America. Brazil was traditionallyconsidered as a marginal area of their distribution because in the past there were only asmall number of findings known, often inadequately documented. In this paper we present a generaland unified overview of the Brazilian record, including previously unpublished metric, technologicaland stylistic features. Also, we report on new findings of fishtail points in order to expandthe amount of information currently available. Some issues related to these records are alsoevaluated by comparing them with data from the Uruguayan plains and the Argentinean pampas.The general picture that emerges after this analysis shows a growing record of fishtail projectilepoints in southern Brazil, demonstrating a significant presence of these early paleo-South Americanpopulations.Fil: Loponte, Daniel Marcelo. Secretaría de Cultura de la Nación. Dirección Nacional de Cultura y Museos. Instituto Nacional de Antropología y Pensamiento Latinoamericano; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Carbonera, M.. Regional Community University of Chapeco; BrasilFil: Sacur Silvestre, Romina. Secretaría de Cultura de la Nación. Dirección Nacional de Cultura y Museos. Instituto Nacional de Antropología y Pensamiento Latinoamericano; Argentin

The First Record of a Pre-Columbian Domestic Dog (Canis lupus familiaris) in Brazil

Archaeological excavations of the PSG-07 earthen mound at Pontal da Barra in Rio Grande do Sul, southern Brazil have revealed the earliest known evidence for the presence of domestic dog (Canis lupus familiaris) in Brazil. This is the first reported pre-Columbian example in the country. Analysis of morphology, morphometry, and dental enamel laminae identified a left maxillary molar 1, left maxillary molar 2 and attached fragments of the maxilla of C.l.familiaris. A direct radiocarbon date on a fragment of the maxilla provided an age range between 1701 and 1526cal BP (2σ). This is within the range of other dates for the site, which indicate intermittent occupation between 2024 and 1027cal BP (2σ). Data from carbon isotope analysis indicates a potential marine diet. However, nitrogen isotope analysis values are lower than expected for a marine diet. The sparse records of pre-Columbian C. l.familiaris in the region emphasise the importance of the present work.Fil: Guedes Milheira, R.. Universidade Federal de Pelotas; BrasilFil: Loponte, Daniel Marcelo. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Secretaría de Cultura de la Nación. Dirección Nacional de Cultura y Museos. Instituto Nacional de Antropología y Pensamiento Latinoamericano; ArgentinaFil: García Esponda, C.. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo; ArgentinaFil: Acosta, Alejandro Alberto. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Secretaría de Cultura de la Nación. Dirección Nacional de Cultura y Museos. Instituto Nacional de Antropología y Pensamiento Latinoamericano; ArgentinaFil: Ulguim, P.. Teesside Univeristy; Reino Unid

Interacción y representación en la fauna del sitio arqueológico Garín (Provincia de Buenos Aires, Argentina)

Garill is al/. archaeological sile illhabiled by hunter-gatherers during the late Holocene (radiocarbonic date: 1.060 ± 60 B.P.) situated in the northeasten Buenos Aires province. Argentina. The taxa predominant are mammals. Blaslocerus dicholomus.Ozotoceros bezoarlicus. Myocaslor coypus. and fishes of the families Doradidae and Pimelodidae. The bones obtained from the archaeological record suggest that the animals were hunted in the neighbourhood of the site, specially the deers.El yacimiento Garin es un sitio arqueológico ocupado por cazadores-recolectores del Holoceno tardío (1.060 ± 60 A.P.- LATYR, L .P.240). Está ubicado en el partido de Tigre, noreste de la provincia de Buenos A ires. Las principales especies cazadas fueron entre los mamíferos Blastocerus dichotolllus. Ozoloceros bezoarticus. Myocastor coypus, y entre los peces especies de las Familias Doradidae y Pimelodidae. Se mencionan las partes esqueletarias presentes en el depósito arqueológico, observándose que se han conservado la mayor parte de los elementos del esqueleto, hecho que sugiere no debió haber ocurrido un transporte desde gran distancia del lugar de caza al campamento, especialmente con los cérvidos

El registro del pecarí labiado Tayassu pecari (Link, 1795) (Cetartiodactyla, Tayassuidae) en el Delta del Paraná (República Argentina)

En este trabajo se da a conocer un registro de pecarí labiado Tayassu pecari en el sitio arqueológicoIslas Lechiguanas 1, localizado en el Delta del Paraná, sur de la provincia de Entre Ríos, RepúblicaArgentina. El material identificado corresponde a dientes recuperados del nivel II, fechado en 408 ±30 años 14C AP. Este registro confirma la presencia de esta especie de manera contemporánea con elinicio del período histórico en la región, extendiendo su distribución meridional con anterioridad alos cambios ambientales producidos por la invasión biológica del siglo XVI.In this paper, a record of the White-lipped Peccary Tayassu pecari recovered from Islas Lechiguanas 1 archaeological site (Paraná Delta, southern Entre Ríos province, Argentina) is presented. The materials identified correspond to teeth recovered from level II, dated 408 ± 30 years 14C AP. This record confirms the presence of this species contemporary with the beginning of the historical period in the region, extending its southern distribution prior to the environmental changes produced by the biological invasion of the 16th century.Fil: Loponte, Daniel Marcelo. Secretaría de Cultura de la Nación. Dirección Nacional de Cultura y Museos. Instituto Nacional de Antropología y Pensamiento Latinoamericano; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Acosta, Alejandro Alberto. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Secretaría de Cultura de la Nación. Dirección Nacional de Cultura y Museos. Instituto Nacional de Antropología y Pensamiento Latinoamericano; ArgentinaFil: Monsalvo, Eduardo Sebastian. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo; ArgentinaFil: De Santis, Luciano J. M. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo; ArgentinaFil: De Santis, Mailen. Secretaría de Cultura de la Nación. Dirección Nacional de Cultura y Museos. Instituto Nacional de Antropología y Pensamiento Latinoamericano; Argentin

Synergistic roles of climate warming and human occupation in Patagonian megafaunal extinctions during the Last Deglaciation.

The causes of Late Pleistocene megafaunal extinctions (60,000 to 11,650 years ago, hereafter 60 to 11.65 ka) remain contentious, with major phases coinciding with both human arrival and climate change around the world. The Americas provide a unique opportunity to disentangle these factors as human colonization took place over a narrow time frame (~15 to 14.6 ka) but during contrasting temperature trends across each continent. Unfortunately, limited data sets in South America have so far precluded detailed comparison. We analyze genetic and radiocarbon data from 89 and 71 Patagonian megafaunal bones, respectively, more than doubling the high-quality Pleistocene megafaunal radiocarbon data sets from the region. We identify a narrow megafaunal extinction phase 12,280 ± 110 years ago, some 1 to 3 thousand years after initial human presence in the area. Although humans arrived immediately prior to a cold phase, the Antarctic Cold Reversal stadial, megafaunal extinctions did not occur until the stadial finished and the subsequent warming phase commenced some 1 to 3 thousand years later. The increased resolution provided by the Patagonian material reveals that the sequence of climate and extinction events in North and South America were temporally inverted, but in both cases, megafaunal extinctions did not occur until human presence and climate warming coincided. Overall, metapopulation processes involving subpopulation connectivity on a continental scale appear to have been critical for megafaunal species survival of both climate change and human impacts

Dynamic phosphorylation of Histone Deacetylase 1 by Aurora kinases during mitosis regulates zebrafish embryos development

Histone deacetylases (HDACs) catalyze the removal of acetyl molecules from histone and nonhistone substrates playing important roles in chromatin remodeling and control of gene expression. Class I HDAC1 is a critical regulator of cell cycle progression, cellular proliferation and differentiation during development; it is also regulated by many post-translational modifications (PTMs). Herein we characterize a new mitosis-specific phosphorylation of HDAC1 driven by Aurora kinases A and B. We show that this phosphorylation affects HDAC1 enzymatic activity and it is critical for the maintenance of a proper proliferative and developmental plan in a complex organism. Notably, we find that Aurora-dependent phosphorylation of HDAC1 regulates histone acetylation by modulating the expression of genes directly involved in the developing zebrafish central nervous system. Our data represent a step towards the comprehension of HDAC1 regulation by its PTM code, with important implications in unravelling its roles both in physiology and pathology

Arte, escola e museu: análise de uma experiência em arte/educação no Museu Universitário de Arte - MUnA

Resumo A partir de uma perspectiva teórica e empírica, o artigo analisa uma experiência em arte/educação desenvolvida com estudantes da rede pública de ensino na cidade de Uberlândia, Minas Gerais, no Museu Universitário de Arte - MUnA. De abordagem qualitativa e de caráter descritivo e interpretativo, a pesquisa constatou que o contato com museu de arte possibilita ao estudante não apenas ampliar o seu conhecimento de mundo, mas enriquecer sua formação cultural e melhorar a sua capacidade de expressão, além de possibilitar aos estudantes uma melhor interação com o meio social em que vivem. O conhecimento em arte é um aprendizado que começa na observação de uma obra de arte, da sua leitura e da prática artística. As leituras e comportamentos que cada estudante tem ao apreciar uma obra de arte estão relacionados à sua experiência com diferentes manifestações artísticas. É indispensável que escolas, professores de arte e ações educativas em museus sejam importantes mediadores para a produção do conhecimento em arte aos estudantes. Construir esse conhecimento a partir do acesso constante a esses espaços artísticos e educacionais, além do desenvolvimento de atividades artísticas nesses espaços, possibilita ao estudante elevar a sua compreensão da cultura nacional. Verificamos, ainda, que os estudantes produziram trabalhos artísticos significativos durante a ação educativa no museu, o que contribuiu para que ampliassem sua experiência com a arte

Synergistic roles of climate warming and human occupation in Patagonian megafaunal extinctions during the Last Deglaciation

The causes of Late Pleistocene megafaunal extinctions (60,000 to 11,650 years ago, hereafter 60 to 11.65 ka) remain contentious, with major phases coinciding with both human arrival and climate change around the world. The Americas provide a unique opportunity to disentangle these factors as human colonization took place over a narrow time frame (~15 to 14.6 ka) but during contrasting temperature trends across each continent. Unfortunately, limited data sets in South America have so far precluded detailed comparison. We analyze genetic and radiocarbon data from 89 and 71 Patagonian megafaunal bones, respectively, more than doubling the high-quality Pleistocene megafaunal radiocarbon data sets from the region. We identify a narrow megafaunal extinction phase 12,280 ± 110 years ago, some 1 to 3 thousand years after initial human presence in the area. Although humans arrived immediately prior to a cold phase, the Antarctic Cold Reversal stadial, megafaunal extinctions did not occur until the stadial finished and the subsequent warming phase commenced some 1 to 3 thousand years later. The increased resolution provided by the Patagonian material reveals that the sequence of climate and extinction events in North and South America were temporally inverted, but in both cases, megafaunal extinctions did not occur until human presence and climate warming coincided. Overall, metapopulation processes involving subpopulation connectivity on a continental scale appear to have been critical for megafaunal species survival of both climate change and human impacts.Jessica L. Metcalf, Chris Turney, Ross Barnett, Fabiana Martin, Sarah C. Bray, Julia T. Vilstrup, Ludovic Orlando, Rodolfo Salas-Gismondi, Daniel Loponte, Matías Medina, Mariana De Nigris, Teresa Civalero, Pablo Marcelo Fernández, Alejandra Gasco, Victor Duran, Kevin L. Seymour, Clara Otaola, Adolfo Gil, Rafael Paunero, Francisco J. Prevosti, Corey J. A. Bradshaw, Jane C. Wheeler, Luis Borrero, Jeremy J. Austin, Alan Coope