Preliminary Economic Feasibility Analysis of High Fructose Corn Syrup Processing in the United States with Emphasis on North Dakota

This prefeasibility analysis directed at the HFCS industry was carried out under a short-term turnaround basis with the intent of accomplishing two objectives. First, provide a current economic overview of the United States HFCS industry; secondly, to develop some major HFCS processing plant operating benchmarks in an effort to provide a timely informational base for state economic development interests.Agribusiness,

The Economic Feasibility of Establishing Value-Added Dry Edible Bean Processing Plants in North Dakota

Agribusiness,

Feasibility of Establishing Small Livestock Slaughter Plants in North Dakota

Agribusiness,

Group additivity calculation of the standard molal thermodynamic properties of aqueous amino acids, polypeptides and unfolded proteins as a function of temperature, pressure and ionization state

International audienceThermodynamic calculation of the chemical speciation of proteins and the limits of protein metastability affords a quantitative understanding of the biogeochemical constraints on the distribution of proteins within and among different organisms and chemical environments. These calculations depend on accurate determination of the ionization states and standard molal Gibbs free energies of proteins as a function of temperature and pressure, which are not generally available. Hence, to aid predictions of the standard molal thermodynamic properties of ionized proteins as a function of temperature and pressure, calculated values are given below of the standard molal thermodynamic properties at 25°C and 1 bar and the revised Helgeson-Kirkham-Flowers equations of state parameters of the structural groups comprising amino acids, polypeptides and unfolded proteins. Group additivity and correlation algorithms were used to calculate contributions by ionized and neutral sidechain and backbone groups to the standard molal Gibbs free energy (? G°), enthalpy (? H°), entropy (S°), isobaric heat capacity (C°P), volume (V°) and isothermal compressibility (?°T) of multiple reference model compounds. Experimental values of C°P, V° and ?°T at high temperature were taken from the recent literature, which ensures an internally consistent revision of the thermodynamic properties and equations of state parameters of the sidechain and backbone groups of proteins, as well as organic groups. As a result, ? G°, ? H°, S° C°P, V° and ?°T of unfolded proteins in any ionization state can be calculated up to T~-300°C and P~-5000 bars. In addition, the ionization states of unfolded proteins as a function of not only pH, but also temperature and pressure can be calculated by taking account of the degree of ionization of the sidechain and backbone groups present in the sequence. Calculations of this kind represent a first step in the prediction of chemical affinities of many biogeochemical reactions, as well as of the relative stabilities of proteins as a function of temperature, pressure, composition and intra- and extracellular chemical potentials of O2 and H2, NH3, H2PO4 and CO2

Research on the properties of binary liquid metal systems with lithium as one component - The electrical resistivity of liquid lithium saturated with cesium Final report

Electrical resistivity of liquid lithium saturated with cesiu

Consumers’ Use of Country-of-Manufacture Information? Norway and the United States: Ethnocentric, Economic, and Cultural Differences

The influence and use of the country-of-manufacture (COM) information on purchase decisions is examined in Norway and the USA in a nonlaboratory setting. Ethnocentrism, dependence on imported products, market size, and cultural difference are variables that may have led to differences in measured behaviors between Norway and the USA. Respondents in Norway showed less ethnocentrism, were less aware of COM, and showed no difference in the rating of COM importance, but cited self-reported COM as a purchase influencing factor more frequently than consumers in the USA. The overarching finding is that COM is rarely used by the studied consumers in actual purchase decisions with little difference found between Norway and the USA. © 2017 Taylor & Francis Group, LLC

Deformabilidad en hormigones con agregados reciclados

Diversos trabajos han demostrado la factibilidad de elaborar hormigones con agregados reciclados, sin embargo sobre algunos aspectos poco explorados aún existen informaciones contrapuestas. Entre ellos se destacan el comportamiento diferido del hormigón (contracción y fluencia) y la capacidad de deformación en tracción (extensibilidad). Estas propiedades afectan directamente el grado de fisuración que puede tener una estructura de hormigón, lo que adquiere una significativa relevancia en la práctica, al considerar su vida en servicio. En este trabajo se presenta un estudio de la deformabilidad de hormigones que contienen 50 o 100 % de agregado grueso obtenido a partir de la trituración de losas de pavimento. Los resultados se comparan con los de otros dos hormigones elaborados con idénticas proporciones de materiales componentes variando el tipo de agregado grueso, piedra partida granítica o piedra partida cuarcítica. Se evaluaron la resistencia a tracción, la extensibilidad en flexión bajo cargas rápidas, y la fluencia en compresión. Bajo cargas de corta duración se encontró una deformabilidad creciente en el hormigón con mayor contenido de agregados reciclados, tanto en flexotracción como en compresión; también se midieron mayores valores de contracción libre y de fluencia. A partir de los resultados surge que es posible estimar la deformabilidad del hormigón con agregados reciclados siguiendo criterios similares a los aplicados en hormigones con agregados naturales; las diferencias de deformabilidad se pueden justificar considerando la menor rigidez del agregado reciclado.Different works have demonstrated the feasibility of elaborating concrete with recycled aggregates, nevertheless there is still opposite information about some aspects that have not been widely studied. The differed behaviour (shrinkage and creep) and the deformation capacity in tension (extensibility) of concrete are among them. These properties have a direct effect over the degree of cracking that can have a concrete structure so, considering its service life, they acquire a significant relevance in practice. This paper presents a study on the deformability of concretes that contain 50 or 100 % of coarse aggregate obtained from crushed pavement slabs. The results are compared with those obtained on other two concretes prepared with the same mixture proportions varying only the type of coarse aggregate, granitic crushed stone or quartzitic crushed stone. The tensile strength, extensibility in flexure under rapid rate of loading and creep in compression were evaluated. It was found that under short term loads the deformability of concrete increases with the content of recycled aggregates, both in flexure and in compression, grater values of free shrinkage and creep were also measured. From the obtained results it appears that the deformability of concrete with recycled aggregates can be estimated following the same criteria applied to concrete with natural aggregate, the differences in deformability can be justified considering the lower stiffness of the recycled aggregate

Sulfur-mediated electron shuttling during bacterial iron reduction

Microbial reduction of ferric iron [Fe(III)] is an important biogeochemical process in anoxic aquifers. Depending on groundwater pH, dissimilatory metal-reducing bacteria can also respire alternative electron acceptors to survive, including elemental sulfur (S0). To understand the interplay of Fe/S cycling under alkaline conditions, we combined thermodynamic geochemical modeling with bioreactor experiments using Shewanella oneidensis MR-1. Under these conditions, S. oneidensis can enzymatically reduce S0 but not goethite (α-FeOOH). The HS– produced subsequently reduces goethite abiotically. Because of the prevalence of alkaline conditions in many aquifers, Fe(III) reduction may thus proceed via S0-mediated electron-shuttling pathways