Understanding psychiatric institutionalization: a conceptual review

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Tennis video abstraction from audio and visual cues

We propose a context-based model of video abstraction exploiting both audio and video features and applied to tennis TV programs. We can automatically produce different types of summary of a given video depending on the users' constraints or preferences. We have first designed an efficient and accurate temporal segmentation of the video into segments homogeneous w.r.t. the camera motion. We introduce original visual descriptors related to the dominant and residual image motions. The different summary types are obtained by specifying adapted classification criteria which involve audio features to select the relevant segments to be included in the video abstract. The proposed scheme has been validated on 22 hours of tennis videos

Geographical disparities in prescription practices of lithium and clozapine: a community-based study

International audienceObjective: To explore the socioeconomic and health resource characteristics associated with geographical variations of lithium and clozapine dispensing rates in France.Method: The study was performed using reimbursement data from the French Insurance Healthcare system over the period 2006-2013 in a community-based sample of persons aged 16 years and over. An ecological design was used to assess whether lithium and clozapine prescribing rates were associated with socioeconomic and health resource characteristics of the zone of residence (n = 95 French administrative subdivisions).Results: Large geographical disparities were observed in dispensing rates: lithium dispensing rates by zone of residence ranged from 0 to 6.6 per 1000 (mean 2.4 per 1000) and clozapine dispensing rates ranged from 0 to 4.9 per 1000 (mean 0.8 per 1000). Higher density of GPs and regular communication between mental health services and primary care were independently associated with higher rates of lithium and clozapine dispensing and with a higher proportion of lithium users among mood-stabilizer users.Conclusion: A sufficient density of GPs and an effective communication and collaboration between mental healthcare services and primary care seems to favor greater access to psychotropic drugs with demonstrated efficacy but often viewed as 'risky' to prescribe

Involvement of BTBD1 in mesenchymal differentiation.

International audienceBTBD1 is a recently cloned BTB-domain-containing protein particularly expressed in skeletal muscle and interacting with DNA topoisomerase 1 (Topo1), a key enzyme of cell survival. We have previously demonstrated that stable overexpression of a N-terminal truncated BTBD1 inhibited ex vivo myogenesis but not adipogenesis of pluripotent C2C12 cells. Here, BTBD1 expression was studied in three models of cellular differentiation: myogenesis (C2C12 cells), adipogenesis (3T3-L1 cells) and osteogenesis (hMADS cells). BTBD1 mRNA was found to be upregulated during myogenesis. At the opposite, we have not observed BTBD1 upregulation in an altered myogenesis cellular model and we observed a downregulation of BTBD1 mRNA expression in adipogenesis. Interestingly, amounts of Topo1 protein, but not Topo1 mRNA, were found to be modulated at the opposite of BTBD1 mRNA. No variation of BTBD1 expression was measured during osteogenesis. Taken together, these results indicate that BTBD1 mRNA is specifically regulated during myogenic and adipogenic differentiation, in relation with Topo1 expression. Moreover, they corroborate observations made previously with truncated BTBD1 and show that BTBD1 is a key protein of balance between adipogenesis and myogenesis. Finally, a transcriptome analysis gave molecular clues to decipher BTBD1 role, with an emphasis on the involvement in ubiquitin/proteasome degradation pathway