497 research outputs found
Ethylene- and pathogen-inducible Arabidopsis acyl-CoA-binding protein 4 interacts with an ethylene-responsive element binding protein
Six genes encode proteins with acyl-CoA-binding domains in Arabidopsis thaliana. They are the small 10-kDa cytosolic acyl-CoA-binding protein (ACBP), membrane-associated ACBP1 and ACBP2, extracellularly-targeted ACBP3, and kelch-motif containing ACBP4 and ACBP5. Here, the interaction of ACBP4 with an A. thaliana ethylene-responsive element binding protein (AtEBP), identified in a yeast two-hybrid screen, was confirmed by co-immunoprecipitation. The subcellular localization of ACBP4 and AtEBP, was addressed using an ACBP4:DsRed red fluorescent protein fusion and a green fluorescent protein (GFP):AtEBP fusion. Transient expression of these autofluoresence-tagged proteins in agroinfiltrated tobacco leaves, followed by confocal laser scanning microscopy, indicated their co-localization predominantly at the cytosol which was confirmed by FRET analysis. Immuno-electron microscopy on Arabidopsis sections not only localized ACBP4 to the cytosol but also to the periphery of the nucleus upon closer examination, perhaps as a result of its interaction with AtEBP. Furthermore, the expression of ACBP4 and AtEBP in Northern blot analyses was induced by the ethylene precursor 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid, methyl jasmonate treatments, and Botrytis cinerea infection, suggesting that the interaction of ACBP4 and AtEBP may be related to AtEBP-mediated defence possibly via ethylene and/or jasmonate signalling
A Retrospective Medical Record Review of Adults with Non-Cancer Diagnoses Prescribed Medicinal Cannabis
Research describing patients using medicinal cannabis and its effectiveness is lacking. We aimed to describe adults with non-cancer diagnoses who are prescribed medicinal cannabis via a retrospective medical record review and assess its effectiveness and safety. From 157 Australian records, most were female (63.7%; mean age 63.0 years). Most patients had neurological (58.0%) or musculoskeletal (24.8%) conditions. Medicinal cannabis was perceived beneficial by 53.5% of patients. Mixed-effects modelling and post hoc multiple comparisons analysis showed significant changes overtime for pain, bowel problems, fatigue, difficulty sleeping, mood, quality of life (all p < 0.0001), breathing problems (p = 0.0035), and appetite (p = 0.0465) Symptom Assessment Scale scores. For the conditions, neuropathic pain/peripheral neuropathy had the highest rate of perceived benefit (66.6%), followed by Parkinsonâs disease (60.9%), multiple sclerosis (60.0%), migraine (43.8%), chronic pain syndrome (42.1%), and spondylosis (40.0%). For the indications, medicinal cannabis had the greatest perceived effect on sleep (80.0%), followed by pain (51.5%), and muscle spasm (50%). Oral oil preparations of balanced delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol/cannabidiol (average post-titration dose of 16.9 mg and 34.8 mg per day, respectively) were mainly prescribed. Somnolence was the most frequently reported side effect (21%). This study supports medicinal cannabisâ potential to safely treat non-cancer chronic conditions and indications
Envelhecimento pulpar em dentes jovens
Dissertação para obtenção do grau de Mestre no Instituto Superior de CiĂȘncias da SaĂșde Egas MonizOs dentes sĂŁo ĂłrgĂŁos mineralizados, implantados nos alvĂ©olos dentĂĄrios maxilares e mandibulares, enervados e vascularizados. SĂŁo essenciais para a função mastigatĂłria, na fonĂ©tica, na deglutição, na estĂ©tica e na manutenção da harmonia facial, e, como tal, desempenham um papel fulcral na nossa saĂșde, bem-estar, e no quotidiano.
O envelhecimento pulpar de um dente Ă© um fenĂłmeno expectĂĄvel, contĂnuo, e fisiolĂłgico, que surge com o avançar da idade do indivĂduo, e reflete o seu avanço.
Diversos estudos tĂȘm descrito o processo de envelhecimento da polpa dentĂĄria, referindo, no entanto, um conjunto de fatores etiolĂłgicos que contribuem para que este fenĂłmeno seja acelerado, podendo ocorrer atĂ© em idades jovens. O objetivo deste trabalho Ă© fazer uma revisĂŁo bibliogrĂĄfica por forma a aferir, Ă luz da evidĂȘncia cientĂfica atual, qual a etiologia multifatorial que se pode associar ao envelhecimento precoce da polpa dentĂĄria, e elucidar quanto ao seu mecanismo e a possĂveis hipĂłteses de travar ou desacelerar este processo
An integral equation method for solving neumann problems on simply and multiply connected regions with smooth boundaries
This research presents several new boundary integral equations for the solution of Laplaceâs equation with the Neumann boundary condition on both bounded and unbounded multiply connected regions. The integral equations are uniquely solvable Fredholm integral equations of the second kind with the generalized Neumann kernel. The complete discussion of the solvability of the integral equations is also presented. Numerical results obtained show the efficiency of the proposed method when the boundaries of the regions are sufficiently smooth
Transgenic tobacco overexpressing Brassica juncea HMG-CoA synthase 1 shows increased plant growth, pod size and seed yield
Seeds are very important not only in the life cycle of the plant but they represent food sources for man and animals. We report herein a mutant of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A synthase (HMGS), the second enzyme in the mevalonate (MVA) pathway that can improve seed yield when overexpressed in a phylogenetically distant species. In Brassica juncea, the characterisation of four isogenes encoding HMGS has been previously reported. Enzyme kinetics on recombinant wild-type (wt) and mutant BjHMGS1 had revealed that S359A displayed a 10-fold higher enzyme activity. The overexpression of wt and mutant (S359A) BjHMGS1 in Arabidopsis had up-regulated several genes in sterol biosynthesis, increasing sterol content. To quickly assess the effects of BjHMGS1 overexpression in a phylogenetically more distant species beyond the Brassicaceae, wt and mutant (S359A) BjHMGS1 were expressed in tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L. cv. Xanthi) of the family Solanaceae. New observations on tobacco OEs not previously reported for Arabidopsis OEs included: (i) phenotypic changes in enhanced plant growth, pod size and seed yield (more significant in OE-S359A than OE-wtBjHMGS1) in comparison to vector-transformed tobacco, (ii) higher NtSQS expression and sterol content in OE-S359A than OE-wtBjHMGS1 corresponding to greater increase in growth and seed yield, and (iii) induction of NtIPPI2 and NtGGPPS2 and downregulation of NtIPPI1, NtGGPPS1, NtGGPPS3 and NtGGPPS4. Resembling Arabidopsis HMGS-OEs, tobacco HMGS-OEs displayed an enhanced expression of NtHMGR1, NtSMT1-2, NtSMT2-1, NtSMT2-2 and NtCYP85A1. Overall, increased growth, pod size and seed yield in tobacco HMGS-OEs were attributed to the up-regulation of native NtHMGR1, NtIPPI2, NtSQS, NtSMT1-2, NtSMT2-1, NtSMT2-2 and NtCYP85A1. Hence, S359A has potential in agriculture not only in improving phytosterol content but also seed yield, which may be desirable in food crops. This work further demonstrates HMGS function in plant reproduction that is reminiscent to reduced fertility of hmgs RNAi lines in let-7 mutants of Caenorhabditis elegans.published_or_final_versio
Voltage control of nuclear spin in ferromagnetic Schottky diodes
We employ optical pump-probe spectroscopy to investigate the voltage
dependence of spontaneous electron and nuclear spin polarizations in hybrid
MnAs/n-GaAs and Fe/n-GaAs Schottky diodes. Through the hyperfine interaction,
nuclear spin polarization that is imprinted by the ferromagnet acts on
conduction electron spins as an effective magnetic field. We demonstrate tuning
of this nuclear field from <0.05 to 2.4 kG by varying a small bias voltage
across the MnAs device. In addition, a connection is observed between the diode
turn-on and the onset of imprinted nuclear polarization, while traditional
dynamic nuclear polarization exhibits relatively little voltage dependence.Comment: Submitted to Physical Review B Rapid Communications. 15 pages, 3
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Az ingĂĄzĂĄs tĂ©rbeli jellegzetessĂ©geinek vĂĄltozĂĄsa az Ăszak-DunĂĄntĂșlon, kĂŒlönös tekintettel GyĆr munkaĂŒgyi vonzĂĄskörzetĂ©re
A tanulmĂĄnyban megvizsgĂĄljuk a KSH ĂĄltal 2001-ben Ă©s 2011-ben elvĂ©gzett nĂ©pszĂĄmlĂĄlĂĄs ingĂĄzĂĄsra vonatkozĂł fĆbb adatainak Ă©s a kĂ©t felvĂ©tel összehasonlĂtĂĄsa sorĂĄn tapasztalt eltĂ©rĂ©sek terĂŒleti konzekvenciĂĄit. A vizsgĂĄlat cĂ©lja elsĆsorban az volt, hogy GyĆr körĂ© szervezĆdĆ ingĂĄzĂł, munkaĂŒgyi vonzĂĄsterek jellegzetessĂ©geit megismerjĂŒk. EzĂ©rt az orszĂĄgos szintƱ vizsgĂĄlatok mellett rĂ©szletesebben koncentrĂĄltunk az Ă©szak-DunĂĄntĂșlra, melynek központrendszerĂ©t tĂĄrtuk fel, s mĂ©g rĂ©szletesebben vizsgĂĄltuk ezen belĂŒl GyĆr, s a vĂĄroskörnyĂ©ki tĂ©r jellegzetessĂ©geit
Cross-activation of the motor cortex during unilateral contractions of the quadriceps
Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) studies have demonstrated that unilateral muscle contractions in the upper limb produce motor cortical activity in both the contralateral and ipsilateral motor cortices. The increase in excitability of the corticomotor pathway activating the resting limb has been termed "cross-activation", and is of importance due to its involvement in cross-education and rehabilitation. To date, very few studies have investigated cross-activation in the lower limb. Sixteen healthy participants (mean age 29 ± 9 years) took part in this study. To determine the effect of varying contraction intensities in the lower limb, we investigated corticomotor excitability and intracortical inhibition of the right rectus femoris (RF) while the left leg performed isometric extension at 0%, 25%, 50%, 75% and 100% of maximum force output. Contraction intensities of 50% maximal force output and greater produced significant cross-activation of the corticomotor pathway. A reduction in silent period duration was observed during 75% and 100% contractions, while the release of short-interval intracortical inhibition (SICI) was only observed during maximal (100%) contractions. We conclude that increasing isometric contraction intensities produce a monotonic increase in cross-activation, which was greatest during 100% force output. Unilateral training programs designed to induce cross-education of strength in the lower limb should therefore be prescribed at the maximal intensity tolerable
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