L'ofici de fuster a la Barcelona del set-cents : noves aportacions documentals, noves mirades

L'aproximació a l'ofici de fuster i la seva evolució com a art mecànica ha estat sempre realitzada en funció de l'artefacte resultant i bàsicament cenyint-se en la construcció de mobiliari. L'atenció per l'evolució estilística del mobiliari ha relegat a un segon terme l'interès per l'entramat d'accions i circumstàncies que configuraven l'activitat laboral en el món de les fusteries, tot menyspreant, fins i tot, l'apropament a unes altres produccions i activitats afins a dit ofici. En el present article, hi proposem una panoràmica que abordi la complexitat de la fusteria al llarg del segle XVIII a Barcelona, mostrant-ne i defensant-ne facetes fins ara poc conegudes. Es tracta de marcar un mapa que ens apropi a la diversitat de tallers existents, tot desgranant-ne els aspectes particulars més rellevants: la formació dels mestres fusters, la producció o fins i tot els plets amb altres gremis. I és en aquesta realitat on pretenem emmarcar i donar a conèixer per primera vegada el disseny de mobles emprats en l'agençament dels interiors benestants barcelonins. Ho farem a partir de l'anàlisi de les traces inèdites incloses, com a prova per intentar establir les competències professionals de cada un, en el llarg i destacat plet civil entre fusters i escultors que va tenir lloc a les darreries del segle XVIII.Discussions of the carpenter's trade and its evolution as a mechanical art have always revolved around the resulting artefact, centring, basically, on the construction of furniture. This emphasis on the stylistic evolution of furniture has relegated as a secondary consideration all interest in the weave of actions and circumstances that characterised working activity in the world of carpentry, to the point, even of eschewing all study of other activities and products with affinities to the trade. This article proposes a more general overview of the complexities of the carpentry trade in Barcelona in the 18th century, providing details about little-known aspects. The aim is to draw a map on which appear all the different workshops that existed in those times, whilst focusing on certain particularly important questions: how master carpenters were trained, what was produced and even disputes with other guilds. And it is within this framework, for the first time, that we seek to discuss the design of furniture used to decorate the homes of wealthy Barcelona families. Our analysis will be based on drawings of this furniture, seen here for the first time, in order to establish the professional fields of all those involved in the long, resounding civil dispute that took place between carpenters and sculptors towards the end of the 18th century

Surviving the Modernist Paradigm: a fresh approach to the singular art of Anglada-Camarasa, from Symbolism to Abstraction

This thesis deals with the Spanish artist Anglada-Camarasa (Barcelona, 1871- Palma de Mallorca, 1959) during the twenty years he lived in Paris: 1894-1914, when he enjoyed overwhelming international success. Until the 1980s, there was little institutional interest in his work and, hence, a dearth of literature on him. In my thesis I first offer an explanation of this state of affairs and then attempt a re-evaluation of his work. My explanation is articulated within the framework provided by the interpretation of early twentieth-century art history, originated in the 1970s, which emerged as an alternative to the dominating one defended by Modernist Paradigm supporters. In my discussion I situate Anglada's development within the cultural currents of his time and show how he found pictorial solutions to some of the artistic concerns of his contemporaries. Once the origins of the main features of Anglada's technique are firmly grasped, both in relation to subject matter and to pictorial means, it becomes much easier to understand his success, especially among his Russian admirers. Some of these, such as Meyerhold and Diaghilev, who were leading figures of the Russian cultural world and who were well known for their pioneering taste, found inspiration in Anglada's work for their innovations. Against the background of this historical and artistic analysis, I try to demonstrate that Anglada's figurative style influenced also Kandinsky's long transition into Abstraction, especially during the latter's stay in Murnau, before World War I, which constituted his most productive years. My overarching aim in carrying out this original investigation is to locate Anglada in the place he deserves in the beginning of the twentieth-century History of Art. By doing this, I hope not only to contribute to the still much-debated character of this period. But, more importantly, I hope to make Anglada better known, for the beauty of his work that expresses his faith in mankind potential which deserves to be given much closer attention

A generic persistence model for CLP systems (and two useful implementations)

This paper describes a model of persistence in (C)LP languages and two different and practically very useful ways to implement this model in current systems. The fundamental idea is that persistence is a characteristic of certain dynamic predicates (Le., those which encapsulate state). The main effect of declaring a predicate persistent is that the dynamic changes made to such predicates persist from one execution to the next one. After proposing a syntax for declaring persistent predicates, a simple, file-based implementation of the concept is presented and some examples shown. An additional implementation is presented which stores persistent predicates in an external datábase. The abstraction of the concept of persistence from its implementation allows developing applications which can store their persistent predicates alternatively in files or databases with only a few simple changes to a declaration stating the location and modality used for persistent storage. The paper presents the model, the implementation approach in both the cases of using files and relational databases, a number of optimizations of the process (using information obtained from static global analysis and goal clustering), and performance results from an implementation of these ideas

A Risk-Based Model Predictive Control Approach to Adaptive Interventions in Behavioral Health

This brief examines how control engineering and risk management techniques can be applied in the field of behavioral health through their use in the design and implementation of adaptive behavioral interventions. Adaptive interventions are gaining increasing acceptance as a means to improve prevention and treatment of chronic, relapsing disorders, such as abuse of alcohol, tobacco, and other drugs, mental illness, and obesity. A risk-based model predictive control (MPC) algorithm is developed for a hypothetical intervention inspired by Fast Track, a real-life program whose long-term goal is the prevention of conduct disorders in at-risk children. The MPC-based algorithm decides on the appropriate frequency of counselor home visits, mentoring sessions, and the availability of after-school recreation activities by relying on a model that includes identifiable risks, their costs, and the cost/benefit assessment of mitigating actions. MPC is particularly suited for the problem because of its constraint-handling capabilities, and its ability to scale to interventions involving multiple tailoring variables. By systematically accounting for risks and adapting treatment components over time, an MPC approach as described in this brief can increase intervention effectiveness and adherence while reducing waste, resulting in advantages over conventional fixed treatment. A series of simulations are conducted under varying conditions to demonstrate the effectiveness of the algorithm

Дотик до вічності. Про розроблення нового історико/архітектурного плану м. Керчі

У 2009 р. автору статті було доручено очолити історико-містобудівні дослідження одного з найцікавіших стародавніх міст нашої країни Керчі. Метою досліджень було складання нового історико/архітектурного опорного плану з визначенням історичного ареалу і зони охорони найбільш цінних територій в межах сучасного міста

La Mentoría como elemento de mejora en el proceso de enseñanza - aprendizaje

Este artículo describe una experiencia de mentoría llevada a cabo dentro de la Universidad de Granada con el objetivo de mejorar la calidad de la enseñanza que en ella se ofrece. Se han realizado diferentes actividades (grabaciones en vídeo y seminarios de formación) que han dado lugar a acciones de mejora concretas de la docencia, la tutoría y la evaluación de los alumnos. A tenor de los resultados de diferentes encuestas, la experiencia ha sido muy positiva no sólo para el profesor mentor y el profesor novel, sino también para sus alumnos.SUMMARY: This paper describes a mentoring experience carried out in the University of Granada with the aim of improving the quality of the education that this offers. Different activities have been performed (video recording and training seminars) which have given rise to concrete measures for the improvement of the teaching, the tutoring, and the evaluation of the students. According to the results of different surveys, the experience has been very positive not only for the mentor and the beginning teacher, but also for their students.Peer Reviewe

Effects of Composite Rheology on Plate-Like Behavior in Global-Scale Mantle Convection

Earth's upper mantle rheology controls lithosphere-asthenosphere coupling and thus surface tectonics. Rock deformation experiments and seismic anisotropy measurements indicate that composite rheology (co-existing diffusion and dislocation creep) occurs in the Earth's uppermost mantle, potentially affecting convection and surface tectonics. Here, we investigate how the spatio-temporal distribution of dislocation creep in an otherwise diffusion-creep-controlled mantle impacts the planform of convection and the planetary tectonic regime as a function of the lithospheric yield strength in numerical models of mantle convection self-generating plate-like tectonics. The low upper-mantle viscosities caused by zones of substantial dislocation creep produce contrasting effects on surface dynamics. For strong lithosphere (yield strength > 35 MPa), the large lithosphere-asthenosphere viscosity contrasts promote stagnant-lid convection. In contrast, the increase of upper mantle convective vigor enhances plate mobility for lithospheric strength <35 MPa. For the here-used model assumptions, composite rheology does not facilitate the onset of plate-like behavior at large lithospheric strength