THE ORGANIZATION AND TECHNICAL EQUIPMENT OF AN ECO-FRIENDLY LANDFILL FOR URBAN WASTE MATTER

The paper outlines the totality of measures taken in order to determine, provide and coordinate the tools for building, expanding and exploiting an urban waste matter landfill. In order to solve the waste issue we must start with the flow circuit, from the generating factors to the final processing. Urban waste matter is mainly generated by the large public. In Romania, due to the extremely low level of civic education, the public is less receptive to new and not willing to take responsibility for its actions. The research described in this paper is aimed for the construction of an eco-friendly landfill having as model the Iridex landfill. This eco-friendly landfill is made from a number of cells that are closing after becoming full. We based our choice on technical and economic benefits

Some gating potentiators, including VX-770, diminish ΔF508-CFTR functional expression.

Cystic fibrosis (CF) is caused by mutations in the CF transmembrane regulator (CFTR) that result in reduced anion conductance at the apical membrane of secretory epithelia. Treatment of CF patients carrying the G551D gating mutation with the potentiator VX-770 (ivacaftor) largely restores channel activity and has shown substantial clinical benefit. However, most CF patients carry the ΔF508 mutation, which impairs CFTR folding, processing, function, and stability. Studies in homozygous ΔF508 CF patients indicated little clinical benefit of monotherapy with the investigational corrector VX-809 (lumacaftor) or VX-770, whereas combination clinical trials show limited but significant improvements in lung function. We show that VX-770, as well as most other potentiators, reduces the correction efficacy of VX-809 and another investigational corrector, VX-661. To mimic the administration of VX-770 alone or in combination with VX-809, we examined its long-term effect in immortalized and primary human respiratory epithelia. VX-770 diminished the folding efficiency and the metabolic stability of ΔF508-CFTR at the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and post-ER compartments, respectively, causing reduced cell surface ΔF508-CFTR density and function. VX-770-induced destabilization of ΔF508-CFTR was influenced by second-site suppressor mutations of the folding defect and was prevented by stabilization of the nucleotide-binding domain 1 (NBD1)-NBD2 interface. The reduced correction efficiency of ΔF508-CFTR, as well as of two other processing mutations in the presence of VX-770, suggests the need for further optimization of potentiators to maximize the clinical benefit of corrector-potentiator combination therapy in CF

Self-dual noncommutative \phi^4-theory in four dimensions is a non-perturbatively solvable and non-trivial quantum field theory

We study quartic matrix models with partition function Z[E,J]=\int dM \exp(trace(JM-EM^2-(\lambda/4)M^4)). The integral is over the space of Hermitean NxN-matrices, the external matrix E encodes the dynamics, \lambda>0 is a scalar coupling constant and the matrix J is used to generate correlation functions. For E not a multiple of the identity matrix, we prove a universal algebraic recursion formula which gives all higher correlation functions in terms of the 2-point function and the distinct eigenvalues of E. The 2-point function itself satisfies a closed non-linear equation which must be solved case by case for given E. These results imply that if the 2-point function of a quartic matrix model is renormalisable by mass and wavefunction renormalisation, then the entire model is renormalisable and has vanishing \beta-function. As main application we prove that Euclidean \phi^4-quantum field theory on four-dimensional Moyal space with harmonic propagation, taken at its self-duality point and in the infinite volume limit, is exactly solvable and non-trivial. This model is a quartic matrix model, where E has for N->\infty the same spectrum as the Laplace operator in 4 dimensions. Using the theory of singular integral equations of Carleman type we compute (for N->\infty and after renormalisation of E,\lambda) the free energy density (1/volume)\log(Z[E,J]/Z[E,0]) exactly in terms of the solution of a non-linear integral equation. Existence of a solution is proved via the Schauder fixed point theorem. The derivation of the non-linear integral equation relies on an assumption which we verified numerically for coupling constants 0<\lambda\leq (1/\pi).Comment: LaTeX, 64 pages, xypic figures. v4: We prove that recursion formulae and vanishing of \beta-function hold for general quartic matrix models. v3: We add the existence proof for a solution of the non-linear integral equation. A rescaling of matrix indices was necessary. v2: We provide Schwinger-Dyson equations for all correlation functions and prove an algebraic recursion formula for their solutio

THEORETICAL RESEARCH REGARDING THE WORKING PROCESS OF THE FERTILIZERS MANAGING SYSTEMS BY CENTRIFUGATION

Achieving a distribution standards per hectare as uniform and as specified by eachculture is the most important objective when it comes to administering fertilizer machine. In this sense the paper aims to highlight the theoretical and experimental research conducted by specialists from home and abroad on the process of working machines administrator chemical fertilizer granulation, according to parameters that can influence this process: as blades, the angle of their and so on

Topical Review: Development of overgrown semi-polar GaN for high efficiency green/yellow emission

The most successful example of large lattice-mismatched epitaxial growth of semiconductors is the growth of III-nitrides on sapphire, leading to the award of the Nobel Prize in 2014 and great success in developing InGaN-based blue emitters. However, the majority of achievements in the field of III-nitride optoelectronics are mainly limited to polar GaN grown on c-plane (0001) sapphire. This polar orientation poses a number of fundamental issues, such as reduced quantum efficiency, efficiency droop, green and yellow gap in wavelength coverage, etc. To date, it is still a great challenge to develop longer wavelength devices such as green and yellow emitters. One clear way forward would be to grow III-nitride device structures along a semi-/non-polar direction, in particular, a semi-polar orientation, which potentially leads to both enhanced indium incorporation into GaN and reduced quantum confined Stark effects. This review presents recent progress on developing semi-polar GaN overgrowth technologies on sapphire or Si substrates, the two kinds of major substrates which are cost-effective and thus industry-compatible, and also demonstrates the latest achievements on electrically injected InGaN emitters with long emission wavelengths up to and including amber on overgrown semi-polar GaN. Finally, this review presents a summary and outlook on further developments for semi-polar GaN based optoelectronics

CMOS-compatible SOI micro-hotplate-based oxygen sensor

© 2016 IEEE. The paper reports upon the design and characterization of a resistive O2 sensor, which is fully CMOS-compatible and is based on an ultra-low-power Silicon on Insulator (SOI) micro-hotplate membrane. The microsensor employs SrTi0.4Fe0.6O2.8 (STFO60) as sensing layer. Thermo-Gravimetric Analysis (TGA) Energy-Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (EDX), X-ray Diffraction (XRD) and Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) techniques have been used to assess the quality of both the sensing layer and STFO-SOI interface. At room temperature, the SOI sensor shows good sensitivity and fast response time (≤ 6 seconds) to O2 concentration ranging from 0% to 20% in a nitrogen atmosphere. This is the first experimental result showing the potential of this structure as O2 sensor

From CFTR biology toward combinatorial pharmacotherapy:expanded classification of cystic fibrosis mutations

More than 2000 mutations in the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) have been described that confer a range of molecular cell biological and functional phenotypes. Most of these mutations lead to compromised anion conductance at the apical plasma membrane of secretory epithelia and cause cystic fibrosis (CF) with variable disease severity. Based on the molecular phenotypic complexity of CFTR mutants and their susceptibility to pharmacotherapy, it has been recognized that mutations may impose combinatorial defects in CFTR channel biology. This notion led to the conclusion that the combination of pharmacotherapies addressing single defects (e.g., transcription, translation, folding, and/or gating) may show improved clinical benefit over available low-efficacy monotherapies. Indeed, recent phase 3 clinical trials combining ivacaftor (a gating potentiator) and lumacaftor (a folding corrector) have proven efficacious in CF patients harboring the most common mutation (deletion of residue F508, ΔF508, or Phe508del). This drug combination was recently approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration for patients homozygous for ΔF508. Emerging studies of the structural, cell biological, and functional defects caused by rare mutations provide a new framework that reveals a mixture of deficiencies in different CFTR alleles. Establishment of a set of combinatorial categories of the previously defined basic defects in CF alleles will aid the design of even more efficacious therapeutic interventions for CF patients

Nanostructured metal oxides semiconductors for oxygen chemiresistive sensing

Nanostructured metal oxide semiconductors have been widely investigated and are commonly used in gas sensing structures. After a brief review which will be focused on chemiresistive oxygen sensing employing this type of sensing materials, for both room temperature and harsh environment applications (particularly, at high ambient temperature and high relative humidity levels), paper reports new results concerning O2detection of a structure using a sensing layer comprising nanostructured (typical grain size of 50 nm) SrTi0.6Fe0.4O2.8(STFO40), synthesized by sonochemical methods, mixed with single wall carbon nanotubes. The structure is a Microelectromechanical System (MEMS), based on a Silicon-on-Insulator (SOI), Complementary Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor (CMOS)-compatible micro-hotplate, comprising a tungsten heater which allows an excellent control of the sensing layer working temperature. Oxygen detection tests were performed in both dry (RH = 0%) and humid (RH = 60%) nitrogen atmosphere, varying oxygen concentrations between 1% and 20% (v/v), at a constant heater temperature of 650 °C

Chaperones rescue the energetic landscape of mutant CFTR at single molecule and in cell

Molecular chaperones are pivotal in folding and degradation of the cellular proteome but their impact on the conformational dynamics of near-native membrane proteins with disease relevance remains unknown. Here we report the effect of chaperone activity on the functional conformation of the temperature-sensitive mutant cystic fibrosis channel (Delta F508-CFTR) at the plasma membrane and after reconstitution into phospholipid bilayer. Thermally induced unfolding at 37 degrees C and concomitant functional inactivation of Delta F508-CFTR are partially suppressed by constitutive activity of Hsc70 and Hsp90 chaperone/co-chaperone at the plasma membrane and post-endoplasmic reticulum compartments in vivo, and at singlemolecule level in vitro, indicated by kinetic and thermodynamic remodeling of the mutant gating energetics toward its wild-type counterpart. Thus, molecular chaperones can contribute to functional maintenance of Delta F508-CFTR by reshaping the conformational energetics of its final fold, a mechanism with implication in the regulation of metastable ABC transporters and other plasma membrane proteins activity in health and diseases