585 research outputs found
Nanocrystalline Hydroxyapatite-Bisphosphonate Composites
The direct synthesis of hydroxyapatiteâ1,8-octan-bisphosphonic acid (HApâBISPH) nanocrystals has been carried out in presence of increasing amounts of BISPH in solution, by hydrothermal method at 120 °C for 15 h. XRD, IR, NMR-MAS (31P, 1H and 13C), TEM, AFM, TGA and chemical analysis were used to characterize the structure, morphology and composition of the products. X-ray powder diffraction patterns show that the incorporation of bisphosphonate moieties induces a significant loss of the material crystallin-ity and a clear decrease of the crystallite size. TEM and AFM images show that the precipitated apatite particles prepared in the presence of this bisphosphonic acid are nanosized. The IR and NMR-MAS 1H spectroscopy show that the BISPH can replace the OHâ groups of the apatitic structure.
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Exact Outage Probability of Dual-Hop CSI-Assisted AF Relaying over Nakagami-m Fading Channels
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Non-orthogonal Opportunistic Beamforming: Performance Analysis and Implementation
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ModĂ©lisation numĂ©rique de la minĂ©ralisation polymĂ©tallifĂšre du gisement de Tighza (Maroc central) par lâoutil SIG et la gĂ©ostatistique
Le gisement de Tighza est le 1er site producteur de concentrĂ© de plomb et le 2nd fournisseur dâargent au Maroc. Sa durĂ©e de vie sâĂ©tale sur 15 ans .en effet, la Compagnie miniĂšre de Touissit (CMT) a rĂ©alisĂ©, en 2008, un chiffre d'affaires de 291,4 MMDH contre 247,3 en 2007, soit une progression de plus 17%. Cette augmentation est due, entre autres, Ă l'Ă©volution positive des tonnages vendus (plomb +14,3%, zinc +48,9%). Pour les opĂ©rateurs miniers, la viabilitĂ© du site est capitale. Les recherches menĂ©es actuellement visent Ă prolonger la durĂ©e dâexploitation du gisement de Tighza. Ces recherches pose, au sein de la Compagnie MiniĂšre de Touissit (CMT), un problĂšme dâorganisation et de stockage de lâinformation produite par ses diffĂ©rents services notamment celui de la gĂ©ologie. Face Ă cette situation, et compte tenu du volume de donnĂ©es produit, qui ne cesse de sâaccroĂźtre dâune part, et leur Ă©ventuelle perte dâautre part, la CMT a dĂ©cidĂ© dâinstaurer un systĂšme dâinformation, Ă travers une base de donnĂ©es numĂ©risĂ©e, lui permettant le stockage, le traitement et lâexploitation rationnelle de lâinformation disponible en vue dâaider les responsables miniers Ă prendre les dĂ©cisions qui conviennent. Dans ce sens, nous avons utilisĂ© lâenvironnement ArcGIS pour mettre en place une base de donnĂ©es spatiales par la numĂ©risation, le gĂ©orĂ©fĂ©rencement et lâĂ©laboration dâun certain nombre de couches dâinformations Ă partir de cartes topographique, gĂ©ologique, gĂ©ochimique et les donnĂ©es de sondages carottĂ©s. Ainsi un ModĂšle NumĂ©riquede Terrain (MNT) du secteur de Tighza a Ă©tĂ© Ă©laborĂ© en se basant sur les courbes de niveau et des points cĂŽtĂ©s digitalisĂ©s Ă partir de la carte topographique. Ce travail est complĂ©tĂ© par un traitement statistique et gĂ©ostatistique. Ainsi une analyse multidimensionnelle utilisant lâanalyse en composante principale (ACP) a permis de dĂ©terminer les principaux axes factoriels. Le traitement gĂ©ostatistique des donnĂ©es gĂ©ochimiques a consistĂ© dâabord Ă une modĂ©lisation des variogrammes des diffĂ©rents Ă©lĂ©ments chimiques, lâĂ©laboration des cartes variographiques et enfin lâĂ©tablissement des cartes de rĂ©partition spatiale par krigeage pour chaqueĂ©lĂ©ment. Les cartes thĂ©matiques obtenues pouvant conduire Ă lâĂ©laboration dâun modĂšle gĂ©ochimique renseignant sur la rĂ©partition des mĂ©taux de ce district.Mots clĂ©s : SIG, cartographie, gĂ©ologie miniĂšre, statistique, gĂ©ostatistique, Tighza, Maroc Central
Eight-dimensional symplectic non-solvable Lie algebras
In this paper, we classify eight-dimensional non-solvable Lie algebras that
support a symplectic structure. As well as a complete classification is given,
up to symplectomorphism, of eight-dimensional symplectic non-solvable Lie
algebras.Comment: 29 pages. Comments welcom
Regioselective Synthesis of 3-Hydroxy-4,5-alkyl-Substituted Pyridines Using 1,3-Enynes as Alkynes Surrogates
The poor regioselectivity of the [4 + 2] cycloaddition of 3-azetidinones with internal alkynes bearing two alkyl substituents via nickel-catalyzed carbonâcarbon activation is addressed using 1,3-enynes as substrates. The judicious choice of substitution on the enyne enables complementary access to each regioisomer of 3-hydroxy-4,5-alkyl-substituted pyridines, which are important building blocks in medicinal chemistry endeavors
Variantes anatomiques de lâos temporal a preciser au chirurgien
Lâos temporal prĂ©sente plusieurs variantes dont certaines peuvent avoir un impact chirurgical. La chirurgie de lâoreille est non dĂ©nuĂ©e de risques. Les variantes anatomiques de lâos temporal sont importantes Ă connaitre et Ă prĂ©ciser dans le compte rendu radiologique avant toute intervention sur lâoreille. La TDM est lâexamen clĂ© pour le bilan morphologique de toute oreille.Mots ClĂ©s : Variantes anatomiques, os temporal, TDM, risques.The temporal bone has several variants, some of which may impact surgical. The ear surgery is not without risks. The anatomic variations of the temporal bone is important to know and specify in the radiological reports before working on the ear. The CT is the key for the morphological assessment of any ear.Keys Words: Anatomic variations, temporal bone, CT, risk
Xylem surfactants introduce a new element to the cohesion-tension theory
Vascular plants transport water under negative pressure without constantly creating gas bubbles that would disable their hydraulic systems. Attempts to replicate this feat in artificial systems almost invariably result in bubble formation, except under highly controlled conditions with pure water and only hydrophilic surfaces present. In theory, conditions in the xylem should favor bubble nucleation even more: there are millions of conduits with at least some hydrophobic surfaces, and xylem sap is saturated or sometimes supersaturated with atmospheric gas and may contain surface-active molecules that can lower surface tension. So how do plants transport water under negative pressure? Here, we show that angiosperm xylem contains abundant hydrophobic surfaces as well as insoluble lipid surfactants, including phospholipids, and proteins, a composition similar to pulmonary surfactants. Lipid surfactants were found in xylem sap and as nanoparticles under transmission electron microscopy in pores of intervessel pit membranes and deposited on vessel wall surfaces. Nanoparticles observed in xylem sap via nanoparticle-tracking analysis included surfactant-coated nanobubbles when examined by freeze-fracture electron microscopy. Based on their fracture behavior, this technique is able to distinguish between dense-core particles, liquid-filled, bilayer-coated vesicles/liposomes, and gas-filled bubbles. Xylem surfactants showed strong surface activity that reduces surface tension to low values when concentrated as they are in pit membrane pores. We hypothesize that xylem surfactants support water transport under negative pressure as explained by the cohesion-tension theory by coating hydrophobic surfaces and nanobubbles, thereby keeping the latter below the critical size at which bubbles would expand to form embolisms
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