Umpasa dalam Upacara Adat Kematian Saur Matua Masyarakat Batak Toba di Nagasaribu Kecamatan Lintongnihuta Kabupaten Humabang Hasundutan

This research talked about forms and rhyme of umpasa or maxim on ceremony for the death people who had been saur matua (people whose all their children already got merried) on Tobanese people who lived at Nagasaribu, Lintongnihuta Subdistric, Humbang Hasundutan Regency. This research used kualitative and descriptive metode which was aimed to describe the problem based on reality. This research used death ceremony process for saur matua as the object by using literally datas by doing some interview and classifying the datas which were got from the video of the ceremony. This research finaly got the conclusion that there instruction from umpasa, diksi from umpasa and three forms of umpasa, they were: umpasa with two lines,with the second last umpasa with four lines and the last umpasa with six lines. While there were four roles of umpasa, they were: religious, morality, kinship, conference. And based on the analysis of the data s there were eight rhymes that found on the ceremony, they were: start middle rhyme, finish rhyme, incomplete rhyme, cluster rhyme, uneven rhyme, interlude rhyme, clasp rhyme

The Effect of Intellectual Transformation for Postmodernism on Structure Plans in Iraq

The intellectual transformations that followed the Second World War sought to find radical solutions to the challenges faced by the world city in the reconstruction process and how to transform the spatial dimension of these cities into a productive component of production rather than a challenge to the weak potential of the spatial plan. The intellectual movement known as postmodernism, affecting on all the concepts at this stage as an intellectual reaction to what the global system of challenges of capitalism and its effects on the restriction of building the spatial dimension, both within cities or outside it, which included the basic concepts that dealt with the spatial plan and what the principles according to the spatial dimension, research, trying to detect the effectsof this movement and its relationship to dimension and strategic thinking to develop structural plans in Iraq

Desain Pintu Ruang Pesawat Sinar-x Dari Bahan Komposit Karet Alam Timbal Oksida

The door l eaf design for X-rays room from the composi te material of natural rubber lead oxide has been carried out. The purpose of this desi gn i s to mastery in manufacture technology and to gain optimalizati on of fabrication proses of the composite. The design incl ude the absorption strength which is based on the compositi on of l ead oxide i n the composi te and thickness of the door leaf for X-ray by usi ng 100keV energy.Result of thi s cal culation show that X-ray door l eaf in 2 mm thi ckness can be change by the composite natural rubber lead oxide in the range 75 – 150 part perone hundred rubber composition and 3,4 – 1,85 cm thickness. The door l eaf whi ch is has 3mm thi ckness can be changed by the composite having 100 – 175 part per one hundred rubber compositi on and 3,40 – 2,5 cm thi ckness. Tel ah dil akukan perancangan pintu ruang pesawat si nar-X dari bahan komposit karet al am timbal oksida.Tuj uan dari desain ini untuk menguasai teknologi dan memperol eh optimasi proses pembuatannya.Perancangan meli puti penentuan nil ai daya serap perisai yang didasarkan pada komposisi dan ketebal an daun pi ntu perisai radiasi sinar-X memakai energi 100 keV. Hasil perhi tungan di peroleh nil ai daun pi ntu peri sai radiasi sinar-X dengan tebal 2mm dapat di ganti dengan komposi t karet al am timbal oksida komposisi antara 75phr (part per one hundred rubber) sampai 150phr, dengan ketebalan antara 3,4cm sampai 1,85cm Untuk daun pi ntu dengan tebal 3mm, dapat diganti dengan komposit komposisi antara 100phr sampai 175phr dengan ketebalan antara 3,40cm sampai 2,44cm

Attributes, Ethical Attitudes and Behaviors of Tax Evaders in a Permissive Collection Society

Tax evasion remains a fascinating research topic, as it is more often committed by individuals considered by society to be “ethical.” The purpose of this study is to explore the various attitudes of tax evaders and examine them in relation to their personal moral philosophies. The results of the current study found that tax evaders possessed several attributes, and their personal moral philosophy attitudes (idealism or relativism) influenced their ethical behavior. Idealism was found to be negatively associated with self-interest tax evasion behavior while relativism had the opposite effect. Idealism was also found to be positively related to tax evasion attitudes stemming from perceived “injustice” of the tax system. The results were explained with respect to the study’s setting of a permissive tax collection society and lower moral intensity of respondents. Managerial implications of this study explained, among others, why individuals who obeyed the idealistic moral philosophy often sought tax evasion

INVESTIGATION OF ACCD3 GENE OF MYCOBACTERIUM TUBERCULOSIS IRAQI ISOLATES

Objective: Mycobacterium tuberculosis, one of the deadliest human pathogens, causes several million new infections and about 2 million fatalities annually. The cell wall of M. tuberculosis is endowed with a highly impermeable, complex array of diverse lipids such as mycolic acids, which bestow the bacterium with not only virulence but also resistance to host immunity and antibiotics.Methods: Mycobacterial lipid metabolism has thus emerged as an attractive target for the design and development of novel antimycobacterial therapeutics. The first committed step in the biosynthesis of mycolic acid is the carboxylation of acetyl-CoA to malonyl-CoA which is catalyzed by acetyl-coenzyme A carboxylase carboxyl transferase beta subunit (accD3), a primer pairs were designed computationally and used for the amplification of accD3 gene using conventional polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and sequencing the PCR product and analyze the results.Results: Two sequences of the detection gene (LprM gene) and eight sequences of accD3 gene under study were deposited at NCBI – GenBank database with accession numbers (LC009881, LC009880.1, LC006979, LC008196, LC009412, LC009414, LC034168, LC038020, LC041163, and LC041368) and primer pairs deposited at Probe database/NCBI with accession number Pr032816836.Conclusion: AccD3 gene is a good drug target in MDR M. tuberculosis strains

Occupational stress and addiction: Possible neurobiological elucidation of medical waste related individuals

Multiple factors contribute to the tendency to develop drug addictions, including social or psychological stressors. Most studies examining causes of and treatments for drug addiction have been conducted in Western developed nations. Here we used phenomenological research approach to explore the neurobiological explanation of drug addiction and to investigate attitudes towards drug use amongst individuals working with medical waste. Data were collected in Dhaka, the capital of Bangladesh, using a variety of techniques based on formal representative sampling for fixed populations and adaptive sampling for roaming populations. We found that over half of participants interviewed reported using illicit substances to cope with occupational stress. Self-reported disease symptoms related to stress were reported by most of the respondents. Working with horrifying waste contributes to increased stress among the participants. These results indicate that in the case of these workers, workplace stressors along with cultural and socio-economic context uniquely contribute to, and exacerbate, tendencies toward drug addiction

Single channel magnetic induction spectroscopy technique for fetal acidosis detection

Current fetal acidosis diagnosis needs an invasive measurement which required a doctor to puncture fetal scalp to acquire blood pH. This method introduced risk to the fetal which fetal scalp may bruise and infected. This paper discusses a noninvasive method employing a single channel magnetic induction spectroscopy technique as an alternative method to diagnose acidosis in fetal without puncturing the fetal scalp. The studies are based on numerical simulation models to investigate the most feasible sensor coil that is sensitive and effective to be implemented in hardware setup as the shape of coil influences directly the sensing performance of the magnetic induction spectroscopy system. The study has found that the circular coil is more sensitive than linear coil. The system tested with different pH samples to mimic the blood pH value. The result is very promising with good correlation approaching 1 has been achieved. Therefore, magnetic induction spectroscopy technique has good opportunity to be applied as an alternative method to detect acidosis in the fetal with circular coil is performed as the best sensing coils for MIS hardware

Nutritional outcomes related to household food insecurity among mothers in rural Malaysia

During the past two decades, the rates of food insecurity and obesity have risen. Although a relationship between these two seemingly-paradoxical states has not been repeatedly seen in men, research suggests that a correlation between them exists in women. This study examines nutritional outcomes of household food insecurity among mothers in rural Malaysia. A cross-sectional survey of low-income households was conducted, and 223 households with mothers aged 18-55 years, who were non-lactating, non-pregnant, and had at least one child aged 2-12 years, were purposively selected. A questionnaire was administered that included the Radimer/Cornell Scale, items about sociodemographic characteristics, and anthropometric measurements. Of the households, 16.1% were food-secure whereas 83.9% experienced some kind of food insecurity: 29.6% of households were food-insecure, 19.3% contained individuals who were foodinsecure, and 35.0% fell into the 'child hunger' category. The result reported that household-size, total monthly income, income per capita, and food expenditure were significant risk factors of household food insecurity. Although there was a high prevalence of overweight and obese mothers (52%) and 47.1% had at-risk waist-circumference (=80 cm), no significant association was found between food insecurity, body mass index, and waist-circumference. In conclusion, the rates of household food insecurity and overweight and obesity were high in the study population, although they are looking paradoxical. Longitudinal studies with larger sample-sizes are recommended to further examine the relationship between food insecurity and obesity

Extracellular Protein Secreted by Bacillus subtilis ATCC21332 in the Presence of Streptomycin Sulfate

The extracellular proteins secreted by bacteria may be increased in stressful surroundings, such as in the presence of antibiotics. It appears that many antibiotics, when used at low concentrations, have in common the ability to activate or repress gene transcription, which is distinct from their inhibitory effect. There have been comparatively few studies on the potential of antibiotics as a specific chemical signal that can trigger a variety of biological functions. Therefore, this study was carried out to determine the effect of Streptomycin Sulfate in regulating extracellular proteins secreted by Bacillus subtilis ATCC21332. Results of Microdilution assay showed that the Minimum Inhibition Concentration (MIC) of Streptomycin Sulfate on B. subtilis ATCC21332 was 2.5 mg/ml. The bacteria cells were then exposed to Streptomycin Sulfate at concentration of 0.01 MIC before being further incubated for 48h to 72 h. The extracellular proteins secreted were then isolated and analyzed by sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE). Proteins profile revealed that three additional bands with approximate sizes of 30 kDa, 22 kDa and 23 kDa were appeared for the treated bacteria with Streptomycin Sulfate. Thus, B. subtilis ATCC21332 in stressful condition with the presence of Streptomycin Sulfate at low concentration could induce the extracellular proteins secretion

Extracellular Protein Secreted by Bacillus subtilis ATCC21332 in the Presence of Streptomycin Sulfate

The extracellular proteins secreted by bacteria may be increased in stressful surroundings, such as in the presence of antibiotics. It appears that many antibiotics, when used at low concentrations, have in common the ability to activate or repress gene transcription, which is distinct from their inhibitory effect. There have been comparatively few studies on the potential of antibiotics as a specific chemical signal that can trigger a variety of biological functions. Therefore, this study was carried out to determine the effect of Streptomycin Sulfate in regulating extracellular proteins secreted by Bacillus subtilis ATCC21332. Results of Microdilution assay showed that the Minimum Inhibition Concentration (MIC) of Streptomycin Sulfate on B. subtilis ATCC21332 was 2.5 mg/ml. The bacteria cells were then exposed to Streptomycin Sulfate at concentration of 0.01 MIC before being further incubated for 48h to 72 h. The extracellular proteins secreted were then isolated and analyzed by sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE). Proteins profile revealed that three additional bands with approximate sizes of 30 kDa, 22 kDa and 23 kDa were appeared for the treated bacteria with Streptomycin Sulfate. Thus, B. subtilis ATCC21332 in stressful condition with the presence of Streptomycin Sulfate at low concentration could induce the extracellular proteins secretion