Les formes de l'habitat et l'occupation du sol à l'âge du Bronze en Bretagne

International audienc

La gestion de classe au primaire en contexte de pandémie

La gestion de classe optimale est certes tributaire d’un déploiement assuré de compétences professionnelles par l’enseignant (Gaudreau, 2017), de même que d’un contexte éducatif favorable à l’établissement et au maintien d’un climat d’apprentissage positif et sécurisant. Ce contexte se retrouve bouleversé par l’actuelle pandémie. Comment peut-on gérer sa classe lorsque plusieurs élèves sont scolarisés à distance et que d’autres sont à l’école ? Cet article pose un regard sur la mise en place de pratiques adaptées relatives à la gestion de classe de quatre enseignants du primaire, et ce, à l’aide de référents théoriques et expérientiels.Optimal classroom management requires a surefooted use of professional teaching competencies (Gaudreau, 2017) combined with an educational context that establishes and maintains a safe and positive learning environment. This context has been upended by the current pandemic. How can teachers manage their classrooms when many students are learning remotely while others remain in school? With reference to the theoretical and experiential literature, this article examines how four elementary school teachers adapted their classroom management practices

Loss of function of the maternal membrane oestrogen receptor ERα alters expansion of trophoblast cells and impacts mouse fertility

International audienceABSTRACT The binding of 17β-oestradiol to oestrogen receptor alpha (ERα) plays a crucial role in the control of reproduction, acting through both nuclear and membrane-initiated signalling. To study the physiological role of membrane ERα in the reproductive system, we used the C451A-ERα mouse model with selective loss of function of membrane ERα. Despite C451A-ERα mice being described as sterile, daily weighing and ultrasound imaging revealed that homozygous females do become pregnant, allowing the investigation of the role of ERα during pregnancy for the first time. All neonatal deaths of the mutant offspring mice resulted from delayed parturition associated with failure in pre-term progesterone withdrawal. Moreover, pregnant C451A-ERα females exhibited partial intrauterine embryo arrest at about E9.5. The observed embryonic lethality resulted from altered expansion of Tpbpa-positive spiral artery-associated trophoblast giant cells into the utero-placental unit, which is associated with an imbalance in expression of angiogenic factors. Together, these processes control the trophoblast-mediated spiral arterial remodelling. Hence, loss of membrane ERα within maternal tissues clearly alters the activity of invasive trophoblast cells during placentogenesis. This previously unreported function of membrane ERα could open new avenues towards a better understanding of human pregnancy-associated pathologies

Comparison of GUS staining efficiency and tissue specificity of promoter:GUS and transactivatable (GAL4-VP16/ UAS) GUS constructs.

<p>Comparison of GUS staining efficiency and tissue specificity of promoter:GUS and transactivatable (GAL4-VP16/ UAS) GUS constructs.</p

References and expected tissular expression of all tested promoters.

<p>References and expected tissular expression of all tested promoters.</p

New pCambia Golden Gate vector.

<p>Schematic backbone of the pCAMBIA_CR1 vector showing the BsaI cloning sites (in red) that allow insertion of the oriented blocks using the Golden Gate strategy. Cloning sites (single cutter restriction enzymes or BsaI cloning sites) disrupt the LacZ gene (blue arrow) upon cloning, allowing blue/ white screening with the X-Gal substrate. For <i>E</i>.<i>coli</i> selection, a chloramphenicol (Cm) resistance gene can be used (yellow arrow outside the T-DNA fragment). A kanamycin resistance (kanR) gene, driven by a NOS promoter (yellow box and arrow), enables both selection for the presence of the plasmid in <i>A</i>. <i>rhizogenes</i> and transformed roots on selective medium. The T-DNA contains a <i>pAtUbi</i>:<i>DsRED</i> selection gene (red box and arrow) that allows detection of transformed roots using DsRED fluorescence. RB/LB: T-DNA right border and left border.</p

WiPP: Workflow for Improved Peak Picking for Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) Data

The authors would like to thank Mathias Kuhring for his feedback on the usage of the pipelineLack of reliable peak detection impedes automated analysis of large-scale gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) metabolomics datasets. Performance and outcome of individual peak-picking algorithms can differ widely depending on both algorithmic approach and parameters, as well as data acquisition method. Therefore, comparing and contrasting between algorithms is difficult. Here we present a workflow for improved peak picking (WiPP), a parameter optimising, multi-algorithm peak detection for GC-MS metabolomics. WiPP evaluates the quality of detected peaks using a machine learning-based classification scheme based on seven peak classes. The quality information returned by the classifier for each individual peak is merged with results from different peak detection algorithms to create one final high-quality peak set for immediate down-stream analysis. Medium- and low-quality peaks are kept for further inspection. By applying WiPP to standard compound mixes and a complex biological dataset, we demonstrate that peak detection is improved through the novel way to assign peak quality, an automated parameter optimisation, and results in integration across different embedded peak picking algorithms. Furthermore, our approach can provide an impartial performance comparison of different peak picking algorithms. WiPP is freely available on GitHub (https://github.com/bihealth/WiPP) under MIT licence