259 research outputs found
Intrinsic and observed dual AGN fractions from major mergers
A suite of 432 collisionless simulations of bound pairs of spiral galaxies
with mass ratios 1:1 and 3:1, and global properties consistent with the
CDM paradigm, is used to test the conjecture that major mergers fuel
the dual AGN (DAGN) of the local volume. Our analysis is based on the premise
that the essential aspects of this scenario can be captured by replacing the
physics of the central BH with restrictions on their relative separation in
phase space. We introduce several estimates of the DAGN fraction and infer
predictions for the activity levels and resolution limits usually involved in
surveys of these systems, assessing their dependence on the parameters
controlling the length of both mergers and nuclear activity. Given a set of
constraints, we find that the values adopted for some of the latter factors
often condition the outcomes from individual experiments. Still, the results do
not reveal, in general, very tight correlations, being the tendency of the
frequencies normalized to the merger time to anticorrelate with the orbital
circularity the clearest effect. In agreement with other theoretical studies,
our simulations predict intrinsic abundances of these systems that range from
few to depending on the maximum level of nuclear activity
achieved. At the same time, we show that these probabilities are reduced by
about an order of magnitude when they are filtered with the typical constraints
applied by observational studies of the DAGN fraction at low redshift. As a
whole, the results of the present work prove that the consideration of the most
common limitations involved in the detection of close active pairs at optical
wavelengths is sufficient by itself to reconcile the intrinsic frequencies
envisaged in a hierarchical universe with the small fractions of double-peaked
narrow-line systems which are often reported at kpc-scales.Comment: 24 pages, 11 figures, 3 Tables, accepted by A&
Unexplored outflows in nearby low luminosity AGNs: the case of NGC 1052
Outflows play a central role in galaxy evolution shaping the properties of
galaxies. Understanding outflows and their effects in low luminosity AGNs, such
as LINERs, is essential (e.g. they are a numerous AGN population in the local
Universe). We obtained VLT/MUSE and GTC/MEGARA optical IFS-data for NGC1052,
the prototypical LINER. The stars are distributed in a dynamically hot disc,
with a centrally peaked velocity dispersion map and large observed velocity
amplitudes. The ionised gas, probed by the primary component is detected up to
30arcsec (3.3 kpc) mostly in the polar direction with blue and red
velocities (V250 km/s). The velocity dispersion map shows a
notable enhancement (90 km/s) crossing the galaxy along the major
axis of rotation in the central 10arcsec. The secondary component has a bipolar
morphology, velocity dispersion larger than 150 km/s and velocities up to 660
km/s. A third component is detected but not spatially resolved. The maps of the
NaD absorption indicate optically thick neutral gas with a velocity field
consistent with a slow rotating disc (V = 7712 km/s) but the
velocity dispersion map is off-centred without any counterpart in the flux map.
We found evidence of an ionised gas outflow with mass of 1.60.6
10 Msun, and mass rate of 0.40.2 Msun/yr. The outflow is propagating
in a cocoon of gas with enhanced turbulence and might be triggering the onset
of kpc-scale buoyant bubbles (polar emission). Taking into account the energy
and kinetic power of the outflow (1.30.9 10 erg and
8.83.5 10 erg/s, respectively) as well as its alignment
with both the jet and the cocoon, and that the gas is collisionally ionised, we
consider that the outflow is jet-powered, although some contribution from the
AGN is possible.Comment: A&A accepted 04/04/2022, 31 pages, 12 figures and 3 appendixe
Molecular line emission in NGC1068 imaged with ALMA. I An AGN-driven outflow in the dense molecular gas
We investigate the fueling and the feedback of star formation and nuclear
activity in NGC1068, a nearby (D=14Mpc) Seyfert 2 barred galaxy, by analyzing
the distribution and kinematics of the molecular gas in the disk. We have used
ALMA to map the emission of a set of dense molecular gas tracers (CO(3-2),
CO(6-5), HCN(4-3), HCO+(4-3) and CS(7-6)) and their underlying continuum
emission in the central r ~ 2kpc of NGC1068 with spatial resolutions ~
0.3"-0.5" (~ 20-35pc). Molecular line and dust continuum emissions are detected
from a r ~ 200pc off-centered circumnuclear disk (CND), from the
2.6kpc-diameter bar region, and from the r ~ 1.3kpc starburst (SB) ring. Most
of the emission in HCO+, HCN and CS stems from the CND. Molecular line ratios
show dramatic order-of-magnitude changes inside the CND that are correlated
with the UV/X-ray illumination by the AGN, betraying ongoing feedback. The gas
kinematics from r ~ 50pc out to r ~ 400pc reveal a massive (M_mol ~ 2.7 (+0.9,
-1.2) x 10^7 Msun) outflow in all molecular tracers. The tight correlation
between the ionized gas outflow, the radio jet and the occurrence of outward
motions in the disk suggests that the outflow is AGN-driven. The outflow rate
estimated in the CND, dM/dt ~ 63 (+21, -37) Msun yr^-1, is an order of
magnitude higher than the star formation rate at these radii, confirming that
the outflow is AGN-driven. The power of the AGN is able to account for the
estimated momentum and kinetic luminosity of the outflow. The CND mass load
rate of the CND outflow implies a very short gas depletion time scale of <=1
Myr.Comment: Version accepted for publication in A&A (June 4th). Accepted version.
References (3) added and minor typos corrected. 24 pages, 20 figure
Magma emission rates fromshallow submarine eruptions using airborne thermal imaging
The effusion rate is the most important parameter to gatherwhen a volcanic eruption occurs, because it controls
the way inwhich a lava body grows, extends and expands, influencing its dimensional properties. Calculation of
lava flow volume from thermal images collected by helicopter surveys has been largely used during the last
decade for monitoring subaerial effusive eruptions. However, due to the depths where volcanic activity occurs,
monitoring submarine volcanic eruptions is a very difficult task. The 2011–2012 submarine volcanic eruption
at El Hierro, Canary Islands, has provided a unique and excellent opportunity to monitor eruptive processes
occurring on the seabed. The use of a hand-held thermal camera during daily helicopter flights allowed us to
estimate for the first time the daily and total erupted magma volumes from a submarine eruption. The volume
of magma emitted during this eruption has been estimated at 300 Mm3, giving an average effusion rate
of ~25 m3 s−1. Thermal imagery by helicopter proved to be a fast, inexpensive, safe and reliable technique of
monitoring volcanic eruptions when they occur on the shallow seabed.This research was financially supported by the projects MAKAVOL
(MAC/3/C161) from the European Union MAC 2007–2013 Transnational
Cooperation Program as well as from the Cabildo Insular de Tenerife. We
are also grateful to the staff of El Hierro airport (AENA) for providing
logistical support.Published219-2255V. Sorveglianza vulcanica ed emergenzeJCR Journalrestricte
Fault diagnosis in industrial process by using LSTM and an elastic net
[EN] Fault diagnosis is important for industrial processes because it permits to determine the necessity of emergency stops in a process and/or to propose a maintenance plan. Two strategies for fault diagnosis are compared in this work. On the one hand, the data are preprocessed using the independent components analysis for dimension reduction, then the wavelet transform is used in order to highlight the faulty signals, with this information an artificial neural network was fed. On the other hand, the second strategy, the main contribution of this work, is the implementation of a long short term memory. This memory is fed with the most representative variables selected by an elastic net to use both, the L1 and L2 norms. These strategies are applied in the Tennessee Eastman process, a benchmark widely used for fault diagnosis. The fault isolation had better results than those reported in the literature.[ES] El diagnóstico de fallas es importante en los procesos industriales, ya que permite determinar si es necesario detener el proceso en operación y/o proponer un plan de mantenimiento. En el presente trabajo se comparan dos estrategias para diagnosticar fallas. La primera realiza un preprocesamiento de datos usando el análisis de componentes independientes para reducir la dimensión de los datos, posteriormente, se emplea la transformada wavelet para resaltar las señales de falla, con esta información se alimenta una red neuronal artificial. Por su parte, la segunda estrategia, principal contribución de este trabajo, usa una memoria de corto y largo plazo. Esta memoria es alimentada por las variables más significativas seleccionadas mediante una red elástica para usar tanto la norma como la . Como ejemplo de aplicación se utilizó el proceso químico Tennessee Eastman, un proceso ampliamente usado en el diagnóstico de fallas. El aislamiento de fallas mostró mejores resultados con respecto a los reportados en la literatura.Márquez-Vera, MA.; López-Ortega, O.; Ramos-Velasco, LE.; Ortega-Mendoza, RM.; Fernández-Neri, BJ.; Zúñiga-Peña, NS. (2021). Diagnóstico de fallas mediante una LSTM y una red elástica. Revista Iberoamericana de Automática e Informática industrial. 18(2):164-175. https://doi.org/10.4995/riai.2020.13611OJS164175182Adewole, A., Tzoneva, R., Behardien, S., 2016. Distribution network fault section identification and fault location using wavelet entropy and neural networks. Applied Soft Computing 46, 296-306. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.asoc.2016.05.013Alkaya, A., Eker, I., 2011. Variance sensitive adaptive threshold-based PCA method for fault detection with experimental application. 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At the beginnings of the funerary Megalithism in Iberia at Campo de Hockey necropolis
The excavations undertaken at the Campo de Hockey site in 2008 led to the identification of a major Neolithic necropolis in the former Island of San Fernando (Bay of Cádiz). This work presents the results of the latest studies, which indicate that the site stands as one of the oldest megalithic necropolises in the Iberian Peninsula. The main aim of this work is to present with precision the chronology of this necropolis through a Bayesian statistical model that confirms that the necropolis was in use from c. 4300 to 3800 cal BC. The presence of prestige grave goods in the earliest and most monumental graves suggest that the Megalithism phenomenon emerged in relation to maritime routes linked to the distribution of exotic products. We also aim to examine funerary practices in these early megalithic communities, and especially their way of life and the social reproduction system. As such, in addition to the chronological information and the Bayesian statistics, we provide the results of a comprehensive interdisciplinary study, including anthropological, archaeometric and genetic data.Archaeological background: the Campo de Hockey settlement Methods - Tomb typology - Radiocarbon dates and Bayesian analysis. - Bioarchaeology. - DNA - Grave goods Results - Tomb typology - Radiocarbon dating: Bayesian analysis - Bioarchaeology. - DNA - Grave goods. Discussion and conclusions
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