Evolution of the differential transverse momentum correlation function with centrality in Au+Au collisions at sNN=200\sqrt{s_{NN}} = 200 GeV

We present first measurements of the evolution of the differential transverse momentum correlation function, {\it C}, with collision centrality in Au+Au interactions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}} = 200$ GeV. {\it C} exhibits a strong dependence on collision centrality that is qualitatively similar to that of number correlations previously reported. We use the observed longitudinal broadening of the near-side peak of {\it C} with increasing centrality to estimate the ratio of the shear viscosity to entropy density, $\eta/s$, of the matter formed in central Au+Au interactions. We obtain an upper limit estimate of $\eta/s$ that suggests that the produced medium has a small viscosity per unit entropy.Comment: 7 pages, 4 figures, STAR paper published in Phys. Lett.

CYP3A4z.ast22 and CYP3A5z.ast3 are associated with increased levels of plasma simvastatin concentrations in the cholesterol and pharmacogenetics study cohort

Objective Simvastatin is primarily metabolized by CYP3A4. A combined CYP3A4/5 genotype classification, combining the decrease-of-function CYP3A4*22 and the loss-of-function CYP3A5*3, has recently been reported. We aim to determine whether CYP3A4*22 and CYP3A5*3 alleles are associated with increased plasma concentrations of simvastatin lactone (SV) and simvastatin acid (SVA). This is the first report evaluating associations between in-vivo simvastatin concentrations and CYP3A4*22, alone or in a combined CYP3A4/5 genotype-defined classification. Participants and methods Genotypes and simvastatin concentrations were determined for 830 participants (555 Whites and 275 African-Americans) in the Cholesterol and Pharmacogenomics clinical trial with 40 mg/day simvastatin for 6 weeks. Concentrations were determined in 12-h postdose samples. Associations between simvastatin concentrations and CYP3A4*22 and CYP3A5*3 alleles were tested separately and in a combined CYP3A4/5 genotype-defined classification system. Results In Whites, CYP3A4*22 carriers (n = 42) had 14% higher SVA (P = 0.04) and 20% higher SV (P = 0.06) compared with noncarriers (n = 513). CYP3A5*3 allele status was not significantly associated with SV or SVA in Whites. In African-Americans, CYP3A4*22 carriers (n = 8) had 170% higher SV (P < 0.01) than noncarriers (n = 267), but no significant difference was detected for SVA. African-American CYP3A5 nonexpressors (n = 28) had 33% higher SV (P = 0.02) than CYP3A5 expressors (n = 247), but no significant difference was detected for SVA. For both races, SV appeared to decrease across the rank-ordered combined CYP3A4/5 genotype-defined groups (poor, intermediate, and extensive metabolizers); however, similar trends were not observed for SVA. Conclusion Genetic variation in CYP3A4 was associated with plasma simvastatin concentrations in self-reported Whites. Genetic variations in CYP3A4 and CYP3A5 were associated with plasma simvastatin concentrations in self-reported African-Americans

Planning and Conducting a Pharmacogenetics Association Study

Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/169261/1/cpt2270.pdfhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/169261/2/cpt2270_am.pd