Effects of the unilateral removal and dissection of the masseter muscle on the facial growth of young rats

This study analyzed the effects of the unilateral removal and dissection of the masseter muscle on the facial growth of young rats. A total of 30 one-month-old Wistar rats were used. Unilateral complete removal of the masseter muscle was performed in the removal group, and detachment followed by repositioning of the masseter muscle was performed in the dissection group, while only surgical access was performed in the sham-operated group. The animals were sacrificed at three months of age. Axial radiographic projections of the skulls and lateral projections of the hemimandibles were taken. Cephalometric evaluations were made and the values obtained were submitted to statistical analyses. In the removal group, there were contour alterations of the angular process, and a significant homolateral difference in the length of the maxilla and a significant bilateral difference in the height of the mandibular body and the length of the mandible were observed. Comparison among groups revealed significance only in the removal group. It was concluded that the experimental removal of the masseter muscle during the growing period in rats induced atrophic changes in the angular process, as well as asymmetry of the maxilla and shortening of the whole mandible

Decreased expression of Klotho in cardiac atria biopsy samples from patients at higher risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease

Background. Klotho proteins (α- and β) are membrane-based circulating proteins that regulate cell metabolism, as well as the lifespan modulating activity of Fibroblast Growth Factors. Recent data has shown that higher plasma circulating Klotho levels reduce cardiovascular risk, suggesting Klotho has a protective role in cardiovascular diseases. However, although so far it has been identified in various organs, it is unknown whether cardiomyocytes express Klotho and Fibroblast Growth Factors(FGFs), and whether high cardiovascular risk could affect cardiac expression of Klotho, FGFs and other molecules. Methods. We selected 20 patients with an estimated 10-year high atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease and 10 age-matched control subjects with an estimated 10-year low risk undergone cardiac surgery for reasons other than coronary artery by-pass. In myocardial biopsies, we evaluated by immuno-histochemistry whether Klotho and FGFs were expressed in cardiomyocytes, and whether higher cardiovascular risk influenced the expression of other molecules involved in endoplasmic reticulum stress, oxidative stress, inflammation and fibrosis. Results. Only cardiomyocytes of patients with a higher cardiovascular risk showed lower expression of Klotho, but higher expressions of FGFs. Furthermore, higher cardiovascular risk was associated with increased expression of oxidative and endoplasmic reticular stress, inflammation and fibrosis. Conclusions. This study showed for the first time that Klotho proteins are expressed in human cardiomyocytes and that cardiac expression of Klotho is down-regulated in higher cardiovascular risk patients, while expression of stress-related molecules were significantly increased

Unilateral surgical maxillary expansion with palatal distractor allowing traction of impacted canine

Objetivos: O uso de distrator ósseo ou palatal tem como principal vantagem o fato de as forças mecânicas atuarem diretamente sobre o osso na área desejada, evitando assim inclinações dentárias ou movimentos indesejáveis dos segmentos maxilares, bem como não causando danos ao periodonto. O objetivo deste estudo é apresentar um relato de caso sobre o tratamento para discrepância unilateral da maxila associada a canino maxilar esquerdo impactado com esse tipo de instrumento. Métodos: Um homem de 23 anos foi diagnosticado com discrepância maxilar unilateral associada a canino maxilar esquerdo impactado e foi tratado com osteotomia LeFort I unilateral subtotal e uso de um distrator palatal associado com tração do canino maxilar esquerdo impactado. Resultados: Os resultados obtidos foram satisfatórios e a quantidade desejada de correção esquelética transversal unilateral foi alcançada sem nenhuma complicação. Conclusão: Os autores puderam concluir que expansão cirúrgica unilateral da maxila com a ajuda de distrator palatal mostrou-se eficiente e promoveu boa oclusão com morbidade reduzida.Objectives: Bone-to-bone or palatal distractor has as the main advantage the fact that mechanical forces act directly on the bone in the desired area, thereby avoiding dental inclinations or undesirable movements of the maxillary segments, as well as causing no damage to the periodontium. The aim of this study is to present a case report of treatment for unilateral maxillary discrepancy associated with the presence of an impacted maxillary left canine with this type of device. Methods: A 23-year-old man was diagnosed with unilateral maxillary discrepancy associated with an impacted maxillary left canine. He was treated using unilateral subtotal LeFort I osteotomy with a palatal distractor tool associa­ted with traction of the impacted maxillary left canine. Results: The results obtained were satisfactory and the desired amount of unilateral transverse skeletal correction was achieved without any complications. Conclusion: The authors could conclude that unilateral surgically assisted maxillary expansion with the aid of palatal distractor was efficient and promoted good occlusion with reduced morbidity

AVALIAÇÃO PREVENTIVA DA DISFUNÇÃO TEMPOROMANDIBULAR

The aim of this study was early detection of TMD`s signs and symptoms through specific questionnaires. Fifty students were evaluated of both sexes and aged between 18 and 30 years through the questionnaires: for the diagnosis it was used the Diagnostic Criteria for Research of Temporomandibular Disorders (RDC / TMD) axis I and II and; to assess the severity of the disorder the chosen was the Fonseca`s Clinical Index. Descriptive statistical analysis showed that of 50 subjects, 19 (38%) were diagnosed with TMD. The prevalence of TMD was found in females (40.5%) and in males (30.7%). Among the subjects with diagnosis of TMD, arthrogenous as myogenic obtained the same percentages (36.8%) for both TMD and a percentage of 26.4%to mixed TMD. We conclude that TMD was not prevalent in college, in most classified with mild level, showing a possible necessary intervention to prevent it becoming worse

The Impact Of Cardiac Diseases During Pregnancy On Severe Maternal Morbidity And Mortality In Brazil.

To evaluate maternal heart disease as a cause or complicating factor for severe morbidity in the setting of the Brazilian Network for Surveillance of Severe Maternal Morbidity. Secondary data analysis of this multicenter cross-sectional study was implemented in 27 referral obstetric units in Brazil. From July 2009 to June 2010, a prospective surveillance was conducted among all delivery hospitalizations to identify cases of severe maternal morbidity (SMM), including Potentially Life-Threatening Conditions (PLTC) and Maternal Near Miss (MNM), using the new criteria established by the WHO. The variables studied included: sociodemographic characteristics, clinical and obstetric history of the women; perinatal outcome and the occurrence of maternal outcomes (PLTC, MNM, MD) between groups of cardiac and non-cardiac patients. Only heart conditions with hemodynamic impact characterizing severity of maternal morbidity were considered. 9555 women were included in the Network with severe pregnancy-related complications: 770 maternal near miss cases and 140 maternal death cases. A total of 293 (3.6%) cases were related to heart disease and the condition was known before pregnancy in 82.6% of cases. Maternal near miss occurred in 15% of cardiac disease patients (most due to clinical-surgical causes, p<0.001) and 7.7% of non-cardiac patients (hemorrhagic and hypertensive causes, p<0.001). Maternal death occurred in 4.8% of cardiac patients and in 1.2% of non-cardiac patients, respectively. In this study, heart disease was significantly associated with a higher occurrence of severe maternal outcomes, including maternal death and maternal near miss, among women presenting with any severe maternal morbidity.10e014438

Reação de acessos de feijoeiro comum à antracnose, ao crestamento bacteriano comum e a mancha angular.

Foram testados 310 acessos de feijoeiro comum de 22 países, do Banco Ativo de Germoplasma da Embrapa Arroz e Feijão, à antracnose, crestamento bacteriano comum e mancha angular. Para a antracnose, foram utilizados os patótipos 89 (raça alfa Brasil), 585 (raça alfa Brasil TU suscetível), 95 (raça capa) e 453 (raça zeta) de Colletotrichum lindemuthianum. Para o crestamento bacteriano comum foi usado o isolado Xp CNF15 de Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. phaseoli. Na inoculação de Pseudocercospora griseola, foi utilizada uma mistura de isolados locais. Vinte e um acessos foram resistentes aos quatro patótipos de C. lindemuthianum, 24 ao crestamento bacteriano comum e 54 à mancha angular. Apenas o acesso Frijol Apetito (CNF 1217) apresentou reação de resistência conjunta aos quatro patótipos de C. lindemuthianum e ao crestamento bacteriano comum. Foram identificados três acessos que apresentaram resistência conjunta aos quatro patótipos de C. lindemuthianum e a mancha angular e outros três com resistência conjunta ao crestamento bacteriano comum e à mancha angular

Evaluation efficiency of severity of angular leaf spot in common bean based on diseased and healthy leaf area.

This study compared severity of angular leaf spot in common bean lines, based on the healthy and diseased leaf area, and the graded scale. We used 12 common bean lines in the dry and rainy seasons. Two contiguous experiments were conducted in each season, with and without chemical control of the pathogen. We evaluated the percentage of the healthy and diseased leaf area; severity based on a graded scale and the area under the disease progress curve; and yield. The diseased or healthy leaf area is efficient to evaluate the severity of angular leaf spot with a sample of 20 to 30 leaflets per plot. For all traits, the results of central and border areas did not differ, indicating that the evaluation of border rows is unnecessary and, finally, the severity assessment of the upper plant half can discriminate the lines more efficiently

Ressecção completa do arco zigomático na fase de crescimento: estudo experimental em ratos

Foram avaliados, por meio de mensurações cefalométricas, os resultados decorrentes da ressecção unilateral total do arco zigomático em ratos Wistar. As ressecções foram realizadas com um mês de idade e os animais foram sacrificados com três meses de idade. O crânio e as hemimandíbulas foram submetidos, respectivamente às incidências radiográficas axial e lateral e, com base nestas, foram feitas mensurações por meio de um sistema de computador, comparando-se um lado com o outro, e os valores obtidos foram submetidos a análise estatística. Houve diferença significante na amplitude da fossa temporal mas não houve diferença significante para as demais mensurações da maxila. Houve diferença significante, a menor para a altura do corpo e comprimento da base da mandíbula no lado operado.The results obtained after total unilateral resection of the zygomatic arch in Wistar rats were evaluated by means of cephalometric measurements. The resection of the right zygomatic arch was carried out in one-month-old rats, and the animals were sacrificed two months later. The skull and hemimandibles were submitted to axial and lateral radiographic incidences. Based on the obtained radiographs, measurements were carried out by means of a computer system, which compared both sides of the specimens. The obtained values were submitted to statistical analysis. There was significant difference as to the extent of the temporal fossa, but there was no significant difference as to other measures of the maxilla. There was significant difference between both sides regarding the height of the body and the length of the base of the mandible

Risk factors for the development of odontogenic infections: a literature systematic review

Introducción: la infección odontogénica es aquella que tiene su origen en las estructuras que forman el diente y el periodonto, y que por extensión afectará al hueso maxilar o mandibular en su región periapical. Este tipo de infecciones generalmente suelen ser superficiales, localizadas y limitadas, pero en algunas ocasiones puede observarse una instauración secundaria de la infección odontogénica hacia otras regiones anatómicas.Objetivo: determinar los factores de riesgo para la para la instauración de infecciones odontogénicas.Métodos: se realizó una revisión sistemática de la literatura en la Universidad Regional Autónoma de los Andes entre diciembre de 2022 y abril de 2023 sobre los factores de riesgo para la instauración de infecciones odontogénicas. Se estudiaron artículos en inglés, español y portugués publicados en las bases de dato PubMed, SciELO y LILACS.Desarrollo: de los 512 artículos recuperados se identificaron ocho tras el proceso de cribado, los cuales estudiaron los factores de riesgo para la instauración de infecciones odontogénicas. La mayor parte pertenecieron a la revista Journal of Applied Oral Science y el 100 % fueron estudios descriptivos.Conclusiones: la obesidad, inmunosupresión, diabetes mellitus, influyen de manera directa en la agudización de las infecciones odontogénicas. Por su parte, factores como la higiene oral, dieta, consumo de tabaco y drogas se encuentran se asocian a la instauración de infecciones odontogénicas.Introduction: odontogenic infection is that which has its origin in the structures that form the tooth and the periodontium, and which by extension will affect the maxillary or mandibular bone in its periapical region. This type of infection is usually superficial, localized and limited, but on some occasions a secondary dissemination of the odontogenic infection to other anatomical regions can be observed.Objective: to determine the risk factors for the instauration of odontogenic infections.Methods: a systematic literature review was carried out at the Universidad Regional Autónoma de los Andes between December 2022 and April 2023 on the risk factors for the dissemination of odontogenic infections. Articles in English, Spanish and Portuguese published in PubMed, SciELO and LILACS databases were studied.Development: Of the 512 articles recovered, eight were identified after the screening process, which studied the risk factors for the spread of odontogenic infections. Most belonged to the Journal of Applied Oral Science and 100 % were descriptive studies.Conclusions: Obesity, immunosuppression and diabetes mellitus have a direct influence on the aggravation of odontogenic infections. On the other hand, factors such as oral hygiene, diet, tobacco and drug use are associated with the spread of odontogenic infections