A Hospitaller despropriamentum: Dubrovnik 1396

A Hospitaller, being vowed to poverty, could not make a will but might dispose of  goods he held by making a  despropriamentum.  Written examples are rare but Fr. Barras de Barras made such bequests at Dubrovnik in 1396; his wealth was notably limited. He fell ill while King Sigismund of Hungary, returning from defeat by the Turks at Nikopolis on the Danube where the Hospitallers  rescued him, had stopped at Dubrovnik.A Hospitaller, being vowed to poverty, could not make a will but might dispose of  goods he held by making a  despropriamentum.  Written examples are rare but Fr. Barras de Barras made such bequests at Dubrovnik in 1396; his wealth was notably limited. He fell ill while King Sigismund of Hungary, returning from defeat by the Turks at Nikopolis on the Danube where the Hospitallers  rescued him, had stopped at Dubrovnik.A Hospitaller, being vowed to poverty, could not make a will but might dispose of  goods he held by making a  despropriamentum.  Written examples are rare but Fr. Barras de Barras made such bequests at Dubrovnik in 1396; his wealth was notably limited. He fell ill while King Sigismund of Hungary, returning from defeat by the Turks at Nikopolis on the Danube where the Hospitallers  rescued him, had stopped at Dubrovnik

The Hospitaller Background of the Teutonic Order

This article examines the foundation in 1190/1191 of a German field hospital outside the walls of Acre during its siege by the Christians studied against a background of Hospitaller affairs in Jerusalem before its loss in 1187. The article relies on contemporary texts rather than the myths which rapidly appeared, while documents issued by the papal chancery suggest misunderstandings of the situation in Syria. The field hospital was the creation of Germans arriving at Acre by sea and overland but its later development inside the walls was, at least partly, conditioned by the long-term mistrust and strife between Romance-speaking and Germanic parties in Jerusalem where the Germans established, at some distance from the main Hospitaller compound, a separate church and hospital dedicated to Santa Maria Alamannorum.  In 1143 the pope adjudicated that the Germans were to be subject to the Hospital but were to be administered by Germans speaking German to those for whom they cared. By 1187 there were Hospitaller brethren and possessions in German lands but Santa Maria Alamannorum seems not to have had its own members or properties there. Those Germans at Acre in 1190/1191 would have known about their Jerusalem hospital but would not have sought an institutional link with it because that would have recognized Hospitaller claims to control them. In 1187 the Hospitaller Master and many brethren were killed and their Jerusalem headquarters was lost; no new Master was elected for some time and control passed to a succession of evidently disoriented senior officers. A new Master Garnier de Nablus reached Acre in June 1191 but by then the Hospitallers' rift with the Germans had hardened. and the Teutonic foundation in Acre successfully maintained its independence. How far the Hospitallers’ mismanagement of the situation eventually limited or impoverished their own order's future in German lands remains incalculable.This article examines the foundation in 1190/1191 of a German field hospital outside the walls of Acre during its siege by the Christians studied against a background of Hospitaller affairs in Jerusalem before its loss in 1187. The article relies on contemporary texts rather than the myths which rapidly appeared, while documents issued by the papal chancery suggest misunderstandings of the situation in Syria. The field hospital was the creation of Germans arriving at Acre by sea and overland but its later development inside the walls was, at least partly, conditioned by the long-term mistrust and strife between Romance-speaking and Germanic parties in Jerusalem where the Germans established, at some distance from the main Hospitaller compound, a separate church and hospital dedicated to Santa Maria Alamannorum.  In 1143 the pope adjudicated that the Germans were to be subject to the Hospital but were to be administered by Germans speaking German to those for whom they cared. By 1187 there were Hospitaller brethren and possessions in German lands but Santa Maria Alamannorum seems not to have had its own members or properties there. Those Germans at Acre in 1190/1191 would have known about their Jerusalem hospital but would not have sought an institutional link with it because that would have recognized Hospitaller claims to control them. In 1187 the Hospitaller Master and many brethren were killed and their Jerusalem headquarters was lost; no new Master was elected for some time and control passed to a succession of evidently disoriented senior officers. A new Master Garnier de Nablus reached Acre in June 1191 but by then the Hospitallers' rift with the Germans had hardened. and the Teutonic foundation in Acre successfully maintained its independence. How far the Hospitallers’ mismanagement of the situation eventually limited or impoverished their own order's future in German lands remains incalculable.This article examines the foundation in 1190/1191 of a German field hospital outside the walls of Acre during its siege by the Christians studied against a background of Hospitaller affairs in Jerusalem before its loss in 1187. The article relies on contemporary texts rather than the myths which rapidly appeared, while documents issued by the papal chancery suggest misunderstandings of the situation in Syria. The field hospital was the creation of Germans arriving at Acre by sea and overland but its later development inside the walls was, at least partly, conditioned by the long-term mistrust and strife between Romance-speaking and Germanic parties in Jerusalem where the Germans established, at some distance from the main Hospitaller compound, a separate church and hospital dedicated to Santa Maria Alamannorum.  In 1143 the pope adjudicated that the Germans were to be subject to the Hospital but were to be administered by Germans speaking German to those for whom they cared. By 1187 there were Hospitaller brethren and possessions in German lands but Santa Maria Alamannorum seems not to have had its own members or properties there. Those Germans at Acre in 1190/1191 would have known about their Jerusalem hospital but would not have sought an institutional link with it because that would have recognized Hospitaller claims to control them. In 1187 the Hospitaller Master and many brethren were killed and their Jerusalem headquarters was lost; no new Master was elected for some time and control passed to a succession of evidently disoriented senior officers. A new Master Garnier de Nablus reached Acre in June 1191 but by then the Hospitallers' rift with the Germans had hardened. and the Teutonic foundation in Acre successfully maintained its independence. How far the Hospitallers’ mismanagement of the situation eventually limited or impoverished their own order's future in German lands remains incalculable

Margarida d'Erill, Hospitaller of Alguaire: 1415-1456

Membership of the military-religious order of the Hospital of St. John, based on Rhodes, had long included women who were fully-professed religious bound by vows of poverty, chastity and obedience. In 1415 the noble Margarida d'Erill was received into the female house at Alguaire in Catalunya where the commander was her cousin, the Hospitaller Fr. Ramon Roger d'Erill. When Sor Margarida became pregnant soon after, Fr. Ramon Roger was accused of being responsable and there ensued a lengthy scandal in which extensive gossip circulated within the convent; meanwhile Sor Margarida's father, Arnau d'Erill, challenged her cousin to a duel in a long and bitter poem. While the truth of this affair remains obscure, the scandal threw considerable light on the disciplinary and other conditions prevalent within the convent. Fr. Ramon Roger spent most of the rest of his career on Rhodes, where he died in 1432, while Sor Margarida lived on until 1456 in a house which functioned as a comfortable hereditary hostel for aristocratic Catalan ladies.[fr] Dès longtemps, les membres de l'Ordre religieux-militaire de l'Hôpital de Saint- Jean de Rhodes admettaient des femmes parmi eux. Elles étaient religieuses professes engagées avec les voeux de pauvreté, chasteté et obéissance. En 1415, la noble dame Marguerite d'Erill fut acceptée à la maison feminine d'Alguaire, en Catalogne dont le Commandeur était son cousin, l'Hospitalier Fr. Ramon Roger d'Erill. Quand, peu après, Soeur Marguerite devint enceinte, Fr. Ramon Roger fut accusé d'en être le responsable et de ce fait en dérivait un grand scandale par tout le couvent. Dans l'intervalle, le père de Soeur Marguerite, Arnau d'Erill, défia son neveu à un duel moyennant un long et amer poem. Tandis que la vérité de cet affaire se maintien obscure, le scandai illumine l'état de la discipline que prévalait au couvent. Fr. Ramon d'Erill demeura le rest de sa vie à Rhodes où il mourût le 1432, en tant que Soeur Marguerite vivait jusqu'à 1456 dans une maison que devint un confortable auberge pour les dames aristocratiques de la Catalogne

The administration of Gozo : 1335

Following the loss of the royal registers in Sicily, the materials available for the internal history of Malta from 1282 and 1355 are rare and so documentation on Gozo's administration is even scarcer. This article looks at the text of 1335, which was known through the brief excerpt published by Rosario Gregorio and, through Gregorio, to Alfred Mifsud. It brings to light a detailed report of the administration in Gozo in the year 1335.peer-reviewe

When will the U.S. housing market stabilize?

The hope that housing markets had stabilized in mid-2010 was dashed by subsequent declines in home construction and prices (Charts 1 and 2). Homebuilding peaked about five years ago, and housing prices almost four years ago. Amid such a prolonged downturn, a key question becomes, When will the housing market stabilize and support the economic recovery? We suggest that new home construction may stabilize and start recovering slowly within the next year or so. Our econometric results also indicate that national house prices may hit bottom late this year or in early 2012 and then recover slowly.Housing - Prices ; Mortgage loans

Το Βυζάντιο και οι Ιωαννίτες Ιππότες της Ρόδου (1306-1409)

  Anthony Luttrell The Hospitallers of Rhodes and Byzantium (1306-1409) The Hospital of Saint John of Jerusalem constituted a Latin military order composed of professed religious who took vows of poverty, chastity and obedience, and who were devoted to a holy war against the infidel. In 1306 they occupied Rhodes and provided its Greek inhabitants with reasonable security, prosperity and a degree of religious freedom. Rhodes became a base for attacks on the neighbouring Turkish emirates and, after about 1358, for more distant campaigns against the Ottomans in mainland Greece and elsewhere. From about 1390 to 1409 the Hospitallers collaborated with Byzantine rulers, especially in the years after 1396 when they defended Corinth and the Despotate of the Morea against the Turks. Thereafter contacts between Rhodes and Constantinople became infrequent.  Anthony Luttrell The Hospitallers of Rhodes and Byzantium (1306-1409) The Hospital of Saint John of Jerusalem constituted a Latin military order composed of professed religious who took vows of poverty, chastity and obedience, and who were devoted to a holy war against the infidel. In 1306 they occupied Rhodes and provided its Greek inhabitants with reasonable security, prosperity and a degree of religious freedom. Rhodes became a base for attacks on the neighbouring Turkish emirates and, after about 1358, for more distant campaigns against the Ottomans in mainland Greece and elsewhere. From about 1390 to 1409 the Hospitallers collaborated with Byzantine rulers, especially in the years after 1396 when they defended Corinth and the Despotate of the Morea against the Turks. Thereafter contacts between Rhodes and Constantinople became infrequent

Το Βυζάντιο και οι Ιωαννίτες Ιππότες της Ρόδου (1306-1409)

  Anthony Luttrell The Hospitallers of Rhodes and Byzantium (1306-1409) The Hospital of Saint John of Jerusalem constituted a Latin military order composed of professed religious who took vows of poverty, chastity and obedience, and who were devoted to a holy war against the infidel. In 1306 they occupied Rhodes and provided its Greek inhabitants with reasonable security, prosperity and a degree of religious freedom. Rhodes became a base for attacks on the neighbouring Turkish emirates and, after about 1358, for more distant campaigns against the Ottomans in mainland Greece and elsewhere. From about 1390 to 1409 the Hospitallers collaborated with Byzantine rulers, especially in the years after 1396 when they defended Corinth and the Despotate of the Morea against the Turks. Thereafter contacts between Rhodes and Constantinople became infrequent.  Anthony Luttrell The Hospitallers of Rhodes and Byzantium (1306-1409) The Hospital of Saint John of Jerusalem constituted a Latin military order composed of professed religious who took vows of poverty, chastity and obedience, and who were devoted to a holy war against the infidel. In 1306 they occupied Rhodes and provided its Greek inhabitants with reasonable security, prosperity and a degree of religious freedom. Rhodes became a base for attacks on the neighbouring Turkish emirates and, after about 1358, for more distant campaigns against the Ottomans in mainland Greece and elsewhere. From about 1390 to 1409 the Hospitallers collaborated with Byzantine rulers, especially in the years after 1396 when they defended Corinth and the Despotate of the Morea against the Turks. Thereafter contacts between Rhodes and Constantinople became infrequent