Hidden Virasoro Symmetry of (Soliton Solutions of) the Sine Gordon Theory

We present a construction of a Virasoro symmetry of the sine-Gordon (SG) theory. It is a dynamical one and has nothing to do with the space-time Virasoro symmetry of 2D CFT. Although it is clear how it can be realized dyrectly in the SG field theory, we are rather concerned here with the corresponding N-soliton solutions. We present explicit expressions for their infinithesimal transformations and show that they are local in this case. Some preliminary stages about the quantization of the classical results presented in this paper are also given.Comment: 17 pages, corrected some typos, two references adde

`Composite particles' and the eigenstates of Calogero-Sutherland and Ruijsenaars-Schneider

We establish a one-to-one correspondance between the ''composite particles'' with $N$ particles and the Young tableaux with at most $N$ rows. We apply this correspondance to the models of Calogero-Sutherland and Ruijsenaars-Schneider and we obtain a momentum space representation of the ''composite particles'' in terms of creation operators attached to the Young tableaux. Using the technique of bosonisation, we obtain a position space representation of the ''composite particles'' in terms of products of vertex operators. In the special case where the ''composite particles'' are bosons and if we add one extra quasiparticle or quasihole, we construct the ground state wave functions corresponding to the Jain series $\nu =p/(2np\pm 1)$ of the fractional quantum Hall effect.Comment: latex calcomp2.tex, 5 files, 30 pages [SPhT-T99/080], submitted to J. Math. Phy

Particle-Field Duality and Form Factors from Vertex Operators

Using a duality between the space of particles and the space of fields, we show how one can compute form factors directly in the space of fields. This introduces the notion of vertex operators, and form factors are vacuum expectation values of such vertex operators in the space of fields. The vertex operators can be constructed explicitly in radial quantization. Furthermore, these vertex operators can be exactly bosonized in momentum space. We develop these ideas by studying the free-fermion point of the sine-Gordon theory, and use this scheme to compute some form-factors of some non-free fields in the sine-Gordon theory. This work further clarifies earlier work of one of the authors, and extends it to include the periodic sector.Comment: 17 pages, 2 figures, CLNS 93/??

Flow-induced dynamic surface tension effects at nanoscale

The aim of this study is to investigate flow-induced dynamic surface tension effects, similar to the well-known Marangoni phenomena, but solely generated by the nanoscale topography of the substrates. The flow-induced surface tension effects are examined on the basis of a sharp interface theory. It is demonstrated how nanoscale objects placed at the boundary of the flow domain result in the generation of substantial surface forces acting on the bulk flow

Charge and matter distributions and form factors of light, medium and heavy neutron-rich nuclei

Results of charge form factors calculations for several unstable neutron-rich isotopes of light, medium and heavy nuclei (He, Li, Ni, Kr, Sn) are presented and compared to those of stable isotopes in the same isotopic chain. For the lighter isotopes (He and Li) the proton and neutron densities are obtained within a microscopic large-scale shell-model, while for heavier ones Ni, Kr and Sn the densities are calculated in deformed self-consistent mean-field Skyrme HF+BCS method. We also compare proton densities to matter densities together with their rms radii and diffuseness parameter values. Whenever possible comparison of form factors, densities and rms radii with available experimental data is also performed. Calculations of form factors are carried out both in plane wave Born approximation (PWBA) and in distorted wave Born approximation (DWBA). These form factors are suggested as predictions for the future experiments on the electron-radioactive beam colliders where the effect of the neutron halo or skin on the proton distributions in exotic nuclei is planned to be studied and thereby the various theoretical models of exotic nuclei will be tested.Comment: 26 pages, 11 figures, 3 tables, accepted for publication in Phys. Rev.

Study of 6^{6}He+12^{12}C Elastic Scattering Using a Microscopic Optical Potential

The $^6$He+$^{12}$C elastic scattering data at beam energies of 3, 38.3 and 41.6 MeV/nucleon are studied utilizing the microscopic optical potentials obtained by a double-folding procedure and also by using those inherent in the high-energy approximation. The calculated optical potentials are based on the neutron and proton density distributions of colliding nuclei established in an appropriate model for $^6$He and obtained from the electron scattering form factors for $^{12}$C. The depths of the real and imaginary parts of the microscopic optical potentials are considered as fitting parameters. At low energy the volume optical potentials reproduce sufficiently well the experimental data. At higher energies, generally, additional surface terms having form of a derivative of the imaginary part of the microscopic optical potential are needed. The problem of ambiguity of adjusted optical potentials is resolved requiring the respective volume integrals to obey the determined dependence on the collision energy. Estimations of the Pauli blocking effects on the optical potentials and cross sections are also given and discussed. Conclusions on the role of the aforesaid effects and on the mechanism of the considered processes are made.Comment: 12 pages, 9 figures, accepted for publication in Physical Review

Quantum criticalities in a two-leg antiferromagnetic S=1/2 ladder induced by a staggered magnetic field

We study a two-leg antiferromagnetic spin-1/2 ladder in the presence of a staggered magnetic field. We consider two parameter regimes: strong (weak) coupling along the legs and weak (strong) coupling along the rungs. In both cases, the staggered field drives the Haldane spin-liquid phase of the ladder towards a Gaussian quantum criticality. In a generalized spin ladder with a non-Haldane, spontaneously dimerized phase, the staggered magnetic field induces an Ising quantum critical regime. In the vicinity of the critical lines, we derive low-energy effective field theories and use these descriptions to determine the dynamical response functions, the staggered spin susceptibility and the string order parameter.Comment: 29 pages of revtex, 10 figure

Finite temperature spectral function of Mott insulators and CDW States

We calculate the low temperature spectral function of one-dimensional incommensurate charge density wave (CDW) states and half-filled Mott insulators (MI). At $T=0$ there are two dispersing features associated with the spin and charge degrees of freedom respectively. We show that already at very low temperatures (compared to the gap) one of these features gets severely damped. We comment on implications of this result for photoemission experiments.Comment: 4 pages, 2 figures, published versio