590 research outputs found
Nodal structure of quasi-2D superconductors probed by magnetic field
We consider a quasi two-dimensional superconductor with line nodes in an
in-plane magnetic field, and compute the dependence of the specific heat, ,
and the in-plane heat conductivity, , on the angle between the field
and the nodal direction in the vortex state. We use a variation of the
microscopic Brandt-Pesch-Tewordt method that accounts for the scattering of
quasiparticles off vortices, and analyze the signature of the nodes in and
. At low to moderate fields the specific heat anisotropy changes sign
with increasing temperature. Comparison with measurements of and
in CeCoIn resolves the contradiction between the two in favor of the
gap.Comment: 5 pages, 3 figure
Dirac and Normal Fermions in Graphite and Graphene: Implications to the Quantum Hall Effect
Spectral analysis of Shubnikov de Haas (SdH) oscillations of
magnetoresistance and of Quantum Hall Effect (QHE) measured in quasi-2D highly
oriented pyrolytic graphite (HOPG) [Phys. Rev. Lett. 90, 156402 (2003)] reveals
two types of carriers: normal (massive) electrons with Berry phase 0 and
Dirac-like (massless) holes with Berry phase pi. We demonstrate that recently
reported integer- and semi-integer QHE for bi-layer and single-layer graphenes
take place simultaneously in HOPG samples.Comment: 4 page
Interaction of vortices in superconductors with kappa close to 2^(-1/2)
Using a perturbative approach to the infinitely degenerate Bogomolnyi vortex
state for a superconductor with kappa = 2^(-1/2), T -> T_c, we calculate the
interaction of vortices in a superconductor with kappa close to 2^(-1/2). We
find, numerically and analytically, that depending on the material the
interaction potential between the vortices varies with decreasing kappa from
purely repulsive (as in a type-II superconductor) to purely attractive (as in a
type-I superconductor) in two different ways: either vortices form a bound
state and the distance between them changes gradually from infinity to zero, or
this transition occurs in a discontinuous way as a result of a competition
between minima at infinity and zero. We study the discontinuous transition
between the vortex and Meissner states caused by the non-monotonous vortex
interaction and calculate the corresponding magnetization jump.Comment: v1:original submit v2:changed formate of images (gave problems to
some) v3:corrected fig v4v6 (was -v4v6) orthographic corrections (and
U_lat/int) mismatch v4:more small orthographic corrections v5:converted to
revtex4 and bibTex v6:Renamed images to submit to pr
Dirac Fermions in Graphite: the State of Art
Macroscopic concentration of massless charge carriers with linear conic
spectrum - Dirac Fermions (DF) - was shown in 2004 to exist in highly oriented
pyrolytic graphite (HOPG) and governs its electronic properties. These carriers
can have the same nature as DF observed in graphite monolayer(graphene) and let
to view HOPG as superposition of 2D carbon layers, almost independent
electronically. We overview here the recent experimental evidences of 2D DF in
graphite and their similarity with carriers in graphene.Comment: Proceedings of the International Workshop on Electronic Crystals
ECRYS 200
De Haas–van Alphen effect in 2D systems: application to mono- and bilayer graphene
Generalization of Shoenberg theory of de Haas–van Alphen magnetic oscillation in 2D metals for the case of electrons with arbitrary spectrum dispersion is used to propose the way to determine the nature of charge carriers in 2D conducting systems: mono- and bilayer graphene. We analyzed the analytical expression for the oscillating susceptibility as a function of chemical potential and distinguished its characteristic features for carriers with normal parabolic and Dirac-like linear spectra that can be detected experimentally
Universal Properties of Ferroelectric Domains
Basing on Ginzburg-Landau approach we generalize the Kittel theory and derive
the interpolation formula for the temperature evolution of a multi-domain
polarization profile P(x,z). We resolve the long-standing problem of the
near-surface polarization behavior in ferroelectric domains and demonstrate the
polarization vanishing instead of usually assumed fractal domain branching. We
propose an effective scaling approach to compare the properties of different
domain-containing ferroelectric plates and films.Comment: Phys. Rev. Lett. to be publishe
Thermodynamics of the incommensurate state in Rb_2WO_4: on the Lifshitz point in A`A``BX_4 compounds
We consider the evolution of the phase transition from the parent hexagonal
phase to the orthorhombic phase that occurs in several
compounds of family as a function of the hcp lattice parameter
. For compounds of type with larger than the threshold
value 1.26 the direct first-order transition is characterized
by the large entropy jump . For compounds , ,
with this transition occurs via an intermediate
incommensurate phase. DSC measurements were performed in
to characterize the thermodynamics of the transitions. It
was found that both transitions are again of the first order with entropy jumps
0.3Rln2c/a ~ 1.26A'A''BX_{4}BX_{4}$ tetrahedra
orientation as a possible source of the transitions discontinuity.Comment: 13 pages,1 Postscript figure. Submitted as Brief Report to Phys. Rev.
B, this paper reports a new work in Theory and Experiment, directed to
Structural Phase Transition
Domain wall saddle point morphology in ferroelectric triglycine sulfate
Ferroelectric domain walls, across which there is a divergence in polarization, usually have enhanced electrical conductivity relative to bulk. However, in lead germanate, head-to-head and tail-to-tail walls are electrically insulating. Recent studies have shown that this is because, when oppositely oriented domains meet, polar divergence is obviated by a combination of domain bifurcation and suspected local dipolar rotation. To explore the uniqueness, or otherwise, of this microstructure, we have used tomographic piezoresponse force microscopy to map three-dimensional domain morphologies in another uniaxial ferroelectric system: triglycine sulfate. This mapping reveals an abundance of domain wall saddle points, which are characteristic of interlocking bifurcated domains. Conducting atomic force microscopy, performed close to the saddle points, showed no evidence for highly localized conducting domain wall sections, across which a divergence in polarization might be implied; this supports the notion that localized dipolar rotation occurs to minimize any potential polar discontinuity. Overall, our study, therefore, confirms that mutual domain bifurcation and suspected local dipolar rotation are not unique to lead germanate and instead may be widely present in other uniaxial ferroelectrics
Phase Transition between the Cholesteric and Twist Grain Boundary C Phases
The upper critical temperature Tc2 for the phase transition between the
Cholesteric phase (N*) and the Twist Grain Boundary C phase with the layer
inclination tilted to the pitch axis (TGBct) in thermotropic liquid crystals is
determined by the mean field Chen-Lubensky approach. We show that the N*-TGBct
phase transition is split in two with the appearance of either the TGBA or the
TGB2q phase in a narrow temperature interval below Tc2. The latter phase is
novel in being superposed from two degenerate
TGBct phases with different (left and right) layers inclinations to the pitch
axis.Comment: Phys. Rev. E, to be publ; 24 pages, RevTeX + 3 ps figure
Domain enhanced interlayer coupling in ferroelectric/paraelectric superlattices
We investigate the ferroelectric phase transition and domain formation in a
periodic superlattice consisting of alternate ferroelectric (FE) and
paraelectric (PE) layers of nanometric thickness. We find that the polarization
domains formed in the different FE layers can interact with each other via the
PE layers. By coupling the electrostatic equations with those obtained by
minimizing the Ginzburg-Landau functional we calculate the critical temperature
of transition Tc as a function of the FE/PE superlattice wavelength and
quantitatively explain the recent experimental observation of a thickness
dependence of the ferroelectric transition temperature in KTaO3/KNbO3
strained-layer superlattices.Comment: Latest version as was published in PR
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