Nurses' workload and its relation with physiological stress reactions

OBJECTIVE: to analyze the relation between the workload and the physiological stress reactions among nurses working at a hospital service. METHODS: cross-sectional, correlational, quantitative study, involving 95 nurses, in 2011 and 2012. Spearman's bivariate Correlation Test was used. RESULTS: most subjects are female, between 23 and 61 years old and working between 21 and 78 hours per week. The most frequent physiological reactions were back pain, fatigue/exhaustion, stiff neck and stomach acidity, with 46.3% of the subjects presenting low and 42.1% moderate physiological stress responses. No correlation was found between the workload and the physiological stress responses. CONCLUSION: although most of the nurses work more than 36 hours/week, physiologically, they do not present high reaction levels in response to stress. These workers deal with conflicts in the vertical and horizontal relations between professionals, family members and patients. In that sense, taking care of professionals who offer health services can be a fundamental strategy, as good user care mainly depends on healthy teams.OBJETIVO: analisar a relação entre a carga horária de trabalho e as reações fisiológicas do estresse, entre enfermeiros de unidade hospitalar. MÉTODOS: estudo transversal, correlacional, quantitativo, realizado com 95 enfermeiros em 2011 e 2012. De forma bivariada, utilizou-se o teste de correlação de Spearman. RESULTADOS: a maioria dos sujeitos pertencia ao sexo feminino, faixa etária entre 23 e 61 anos, trabalhando de 21 a 78 horas semanais. As reações fisiológicas mais frequentes foram dores lombares, fadiga/exaustão, rigidez no pescoço e acidez estomacal, sendo que 46,3% dos sujeitos apresentaram baixas respostas fisiológicas ao estresse e moderadas em 42,1%. Não houve correlação entre a carga horária de trabalho e as reações fisiológicas do estresse. CONCLUSÃO: embora a maioria dos enfermeiros exercesse suas funções por mais de 36 horas/semana, fisiologicamente não apresentavam reações elevadas de resposta ao estresse. Tais trabalhadores lidavam com conflitos nas relações verticais e horizontais entre profissionais, familiares e pacientes. Nesse sentido, cuidar de profissionais que oferecem serviços de saúde pode ser estratégia fundamental, uma vez que bons atendimentos aos usuários dependem, principalmente, de equipes saudáveis.OBJETIVO: analizar la relación entre la carga horaria de trabajo y las reacciones fisiológicas de estrés entre enfermeros de servicio hospitalario. MÉTODOS: estudio trasversal, correlacional, cuantitativo, desarrollado con 95 enfermeros en 2011 y 2012. De forma bivariada, fue utilizada la Prueba de Correlación de Spearman. RESULTADOS: la mayoría de los sujetos es del sexo femenino, rango de edad entre 23 y 61 años y trabaja de 21 a 78 horas semanales. Las reacciones fisiológicas más frecuentes fueron dolores de espalda, fatiga/agotamiento, rigidez en el cuello y acidez estomacal, siendo que 46,3% de los sujetos revelaron bajas respuestas fisiológicas al estrés y moderadas en 42,1%. No fue encontrada correlación entre la carga horaria de trabajo y las reacciones fisiológicas del estrés. CONCLUSIÓN: aunque la mayoría de los enfermeros ejerza su función por más de 36 horas/semana, fisiológicamente no muestran reacciones elevadas de respuesta al estrés. Tales trabajadores lidian con conflictos en las reacciones verticales y horizontales entre profesionales, familiares y pacientes. En ese sentido, cuidar de profesionales que ofrecen servicios de salud puede ser estrategia fundamental, ya que buena atención a los usuarios depende principalmente de equipos saludables

Management of the Class III malocclusion treated with maxillary expansion, facemask therapy and corrective orthodontic. A 15-year follow-up

The facial growth of Class III malocclusion worsens with age, in this case, the early orthopedic treatment, providing facial balance, modifying the maxillofacial growth and development. A 7.6-year old boy presented with Class III malocclusion associated with anterior crossbite; the mandible was shifted to the right and the maxilla had a transversal deficiency. Rapid maxillary expansion followed by facemask therapy was performed, to correct the anteroposterior relationship and improve the facial profile. The patient was followed for a 15-year period, after completion of the treatment, and stability was observed. Growing patients should be monitored following their treatment, so as to prevent malocclusion relapse

Mucopolysaccharidosis I, II, and VI: Brief review and guidelines for treatment

Mucopolysaccharidoses (MPS) are rare genetic diseases caused by the deficiency of one of the lysosomal enzymes involved in the glycosaminoglycan (GAG) breakdown pathway. This metabolic block leads to the accumulation of GAG in various organs and tissues of the affected patients, resulting in a multisystemic clinical picture, sometimes including cognitive impairment. Until the beginning of the XXI century, treatment was mainly supportive. Bone marrow transplantation improved the natural course of the disease in some types of MPS, but the morbidity and mortality restricted its use to selected cases. The identification of the genes involved, the new molecular biology tools and the availability of animal models made it possible to develop specific enzyme replacement therapies (ERT) for these diseases. At present, a great number of Brazilian medical centers from all regions of the country have experience with ERT for MPS I, II, and VI, acquired not only through patient treatment but also in clinical trials. Taking the three types of MPS together, over 200 patients have been treated with ERT in our country. This document summarizes the experience of the professionals involved, along with the data available in the international literature, bringing together and harmonizing the information available on the management of these severe and progressive diseases, thus disclosing new prospects for Brazilian patients affected by these conditions