Mobilisation of mesenchymal cells in cardiac patients: is intense exercise necessary?

Circulating mesenchymal cells (cMCs) have a potential for regenerating damaged tissue, e.g., ischaemic myocardium. In patients (age range: 53-76 years) with stable coronary artery disease cMCs were determined before and after dynamic exercise of moderate (RCT) (n = 11). Only high-intensity exercise (i.e., provoking signs of myocardial ischaemia in 3 patients and ventricular extrasystoles in another) induced a significant increase in cMCs (p = 0.009). These results support the hypothesis that intense exercise (near or at the point of myocardial ischaemia) is a potent stimulus for MC mobilisation.2.547 JCR (2009) Q1, 8/73 Sport sciencesUE

Health-related quality of life of Spanish children with cystic fibrosis

Purpose To investigate (1) the contributions of sex, age, nutritional status-and physical-fitness-related variables on health-related quality of life (HRQOL) in Spanish children with cystic fibrosis, and (2) the agreement on HRQOL between children and their parents. Methods In 28 children aged 6-17 years, body mass index percentile, percentage body fat, physical activity, pulmonary function, cardiorespiratory fitness, functional mobility, and dynamic muscle strength were determined using objective measures. HRQOL was measured using the revised version of the cystic fibrosis questionnaire. Simple and multiple linear regression analyses were performed to determine the variables associated with HRQOL. To assess the agreement on HRQOL between children and parents, intra-class correlation coefficients (ICCs) were calculated. Results Girls reported worse emotional functioning, a higher treatment burden, and more respiratory problems than boys. Greater functional mobility appeared associated with a less favourable body image and more eating disturbances. Agreement on HRQOL between children and parents was good to excellent, except for the domain of treatment burden. Conclusions Sex and age were stronger predictors of HRQOL than nutritional status- or physical-fitness-related variables. Children reported a lower treatment burden than their parents perceived them to hav

Intrahospital Weight and Aerobic Training in Children with Cystic Fibrosis: A Randomized Controlled Trial

SOSA, E. S., I. F. GROENEVELD, L. GONZALEZ-SAIZ, L. M. LOPEZ-MOJARES, J. R. VILLA-ASENSI, M. I. BARRIO GONZALEZ, S. J. FLECK, M. PEREZ, and A. LUCIA. Intrahospital Weight and Aerobic Training in Children with Cystic Fibrosis: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Med. Sci. Sports Exerc., Vol. 44, No. 1, pp. 2-11, 2012. Purpose: The purpose of our study was to assess the effects of an 8-wk intrahospital combined circuit weight and aerobic training program performed by children with cystic fibrosis (of low-moderate severity and stable clinical condition) on the following outcomes: cardiorespiratory fitness ((V)over dot O-2peak) and muscle strength (five-repetition maximum (5RM) bench press, 5RM leg press, and 5RM seated row) (primary outcomes) and pulmonary function (forced vital capacity, forced expiratory volume in 1 s), weight, body composition, functional mobility (Timed Up and Down Stairs and 3-m Timed Up and Go tests), and quality of life (secondary outcomes). We also determined the effects of a detraining period (4 wk) on the aforementioned outcomes. Methods: We performed a randomized controlled trial design. Eleven participants in each group (controls: 7 boys, age = 11 +/- 3 yr, body mass index = 17.2 +/- 0.8 kg center dot m(-2) (mean +/- SEM); intervention: 6 boys, age = 10 T 2 yr, body mass index = 18.4 +/- 1.0 kg center dot m(-2)) started the study. Results: Adherence to training averaged 95.1% +/- 7.4%. We observed a significant group x time interaction effect (P = 0.036) for (V)over dotO(2peak). In the intervention group, V. O2peak significantly increased with training by 3.9 mL center dot kg(-1)center dot min(-1) (95% confidence interval = 1.8-6.1 mL center dot kg(-1)center dot min(-1), P = 0.002), whereas it decreased during the detraining period (-3.4 mL center dot kg(-1)center dot min(-1), 95% confidence interval = -5.7 to -1.7 mL center dot kg(-1)center dot min(-1), P = 0.001). In contrast, no significant changes were observed during the study period within the control group. Although significant improvements were also observed after training for all 5RM strength tests (P 0.1 for after training vs detraining). We found no significant training benefits in any of the secondary outcomes. Conclusions: A short-term combined circuit weight and aerobic training program performed in a hospital setting induces significant benefits in the cardiorespiratory fitness and muscle strength of children with cystic fibrosi

Benefits of combining inspiratory muscle with 'whole muscle' training in children with cystic fibrosis: a randomised controlled trial

The purpose of this study (randomised controlled trial) was to assess the effects of an 8-week combined 'whole muscle' (resistance+aerobic) and inspiratory muscle training (IMT) on lung volume, inspiratory muscle strength (PImax) and cardiorespiratory fitness (VO2 peak) (primary outcomes), and dynamic muscle strength, body composition and quality of life in paediatric outpatients with CF (cystic fibrosis, secondary outcomes). We also determined the effects of a detraining period. Participants were randomly allocated with a block on gender to a control (standard therapy) or intervention group (initial n=10 (6 boys) in each group; age 10±1 and 11±1 years). The latter group performed a combined programme (IMT (2 sessions/day) and aerobic+strength exercises (3 days/week, in-hospital)) that was followed by a 4-week detraining period. All participants were evaluated at baseline, post-training and detraining. Adherence to the training programme averaged 97.5%±1.7%. There was a significant interaction (group×time) effect for PImax, VO2peak and five-repetition maximum strength (leg-press, bench-press, seated-row) (all (p <0.001), and also for %fat (p <0.023) and %fat-free mass (p=0.001), with training exerting a significant beneficial effect only in the intervention group, which was maintained after detraining for PImax and leg-press. The relatively short-term (8-week) training programme used here induced significant benefits in important health phenotypes of paediatric patients with CF. IMT is an easily applicable intervention that could be included, together with supervised exercise training in the standard care of these patient

Exercise intervention in pediatric patients with solid tumors: The Physical Activity in Pediatric Cancer trial

The randomized controlled trial ‘Physical Activity in Pediatric Cancer’ (PAPEC) determined the effects of an in-hospital exercise intervention combining aerobic and muscle strength training on pediatric cancer patients with solid tumors undergoing neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Methods. Participants were allocated to an exercise (n=24, 17 boys; mean±SEM age 10±1y) or control group (n=25, 18 boys; 11±1y). Training included three sessions/week for 19±2 weeks. Participants were assessed at treatment initiation, termination, and two months after end-treatment. The primary endpoint was muscle strength (as assessed by upper and lower-body five-repetition-maximum (5RM) tests). Secondary endpoints included cardiorespiratory fitness, functional capacity during daily life activities, physical activity, body mass and body mass index, and quality of life. Results. Most sessions were performed in the hospital’s gymnasium. Adherence to the program averaged 68±4% and no major adverse events or health issues were noted. A significant interaction (group*time) effect was found for all 5RM tests. Performance significantly increased after training (leg press: 40% (95% CI=15–41 kg); bench press: 24% (95% CI=6–14 kg); lateral row 25% (95%CI=6–15 kg)), whereas an opposite trend was found in controls. Two-month post values tended to be higher than baseline for leg (P=0.017) and bench press (P=0.014). In contrast, no significant interaction effect was found for any of the secondary endpoints. Conclusion. An in-hospital exercise program for pediatric cancer patients with solid tumors undergoing neoadjuvant treatment increases muscle strength despite the aggressiveness of such therapy. Key words: Cancer, exercise, muscle strength, fitness, quality of life.Cátedra Real Madrid-Universidad Europea (2015/UEM07) and Fondo de Investigaciones Sanitarias and Fondos Feder (FIS, grant #PI12/00914).4.291 JCR (2017) Q1, 7/81 Sport Sciences2.073 SJR (2017) Q1, 10/285 Orthopedics and Sports Medicine, 5/201 Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation, 7/127 Sports ScienceNo data IDR 2017UE

Levels of moderate-vigorous physical activity are low in Spanish children with cystic fibrosis: A comparison with healthy controls.

BACKGROUND: Physical activity (PA) is recommended as part of the treatment regimen for cystic fibrosis (CF) although objective methods have been scarcely used to monitor achievement of PA guidelines. METHODS: PA was measured by accelerometer in outpatient CF children (n=47) and results were compared with those obtained in age- and gender-matched healthy controls (n=39). RESULTS: 2.1% of the outpatients fulfilled PA guidelines (i.e. ≥60min·day(-1) of moderate-to-vigorous PA (MVPA)) vs. 34.2% of controls. Overall, lower MVPA levels were observed in CF patients than controls despite the former undergoing more light or total PA. Peak oxygen uptake was also lower in the CF group than in controls (37.5±7.8 vs. 43.5±7.6ml·kg(-1)·min(-1), p=0.002) and was correlated with MVPA and vigorous PA in the former. CONCLUSIONS: These findings support a need to promote PA interventions (including MVPA) targeted at improving cardiorespiratory fitness in CF children.3.475 JCR (2014) Q1, 14/57 Respiratory systemUE