How South Korean female university students perceive women’s beauty standards and their connotations

Thesis is focused on the topic of South Korean women’s beauty standards from the perspective of the female university students. Topic besides beauty standards focuses on their connotations – K-beauty and plastic surgeries. Goal of the paper is to investigate how beauty influences social life of Koreans. Thesis is based on the 4 semi-structured interviews I conducted and previous studies. Beauty standards in Korea are defined by media, current ideals for perfect beauty are white skin, small face, big eyes and skinny body. Due to constant exposure of beautiful people by media women feel pressure to look attractive. Make-up and plastic surgeries are to methods which usually women use to change their looks. Make-up is the easiest way but seems to not be that popular among students. Plastic surgery is something more invasive. Double eyelid surgery is the most popular type of plastic surgery among Koreans. When it comes to the influence of beauty on the social life appearance is valuable. Good look seems to have insignificant impact on creating relationships. The same can be said about work life as looks mostly are meaningful at the job interview. Marriage prospects may be influenced by appearance, but it mostly depends on a person. Different areas are affected by good appearance to a different degree

Dialog dziecka z cyfrowymi technologiami – z doświadczeń przedszkoli w Reggio Emilia

In the context of different opinions about the use of digital technologies in preschools, this paper presents a techno-enthusiastic approach to the subject. It discusses the possibilities of incorporating digital media into preschool daily life. The paper provides the overview of Reggio Emilia (Italy) practice with digital technology, which is aimed mainly at supporting the children’s learning process. The theoretical part is illustrated with visual documentation of the experience with digital media inspired by the Reggio Emilia approach.W kontekście stanowisk odnośnie wykorzystania cyfrowych technologii w edukacji, artykuł prezentuje podejście technoentuzjastyczne. Ukazuje możliwości włączenia cyfrowych mediów do codzienności edukacyjnej w przedszkolu. W artykule opisane jest podejście placówek wczesnej edukacji w Reggio Emilia we Włoszech, w których wykorzystanie cyfrowych technologii ma przede wszystkim na celu wspieranie dziecięcego procesu uczenia się. Część teoretyczna zilustrowana jest wizualną dokumentacją doświadczenia z cyfrowymi mediami, inspirowanego podejściem Reggio Emilia

A New Pre-loaded Membrane Geometric Stiffness Matrix with Full Rigid Body Capabilities

Space structures, due to economic considerations, must be light-weight. Accurate prediction of the natural frequencies and mode shapes is critical for determining the structural adequacy of components, and designing a control system. The total stiffness of a member, in many cases, includes both the elastic stiffness of the material as well as additional geometric stiffness due to pre-load (initial stress stiffness). The pre-load causes serious reservations on the use of standard finite element techniques of solution. In particular, a phenomenon known as \u27\u27grounding\u27\u27, or false stiffening, of the stiffness matrix occurs during rigid body rotation. The author has previously shown that that the grounding of a beam element is caused by a lack of rigid body rotational capability, and is typical of beam geometric stiffness matrices formulated by others, including those with higher-order effects. Having identified the source of the problem as the force imbalance inherent in the formulations, the author developed a beam stiffness matrix from a directed force perspective, and showed that the resultant global stiffness matrix contained complete rigid body mode capability, and performed well in the diagonalization methodology customarily used in dynamic analysis. In this paper, the authors investigate the \u27\u27grounding\u27\u27 of membrane elements, and develop a new membrane element with rigid body rotational capabilities

Probabilistic Structural Evaluation of Uncertainties in Radiator Sandwich Panel Design

The Jupiter Icy Moons Orbiter (JIMO) Space System is part of the NASA's Prometheus Program. As part of the JIMO engineering team at NASA Glenn Research Center, the structural design of the JIMO Heat Rejection Subsystem (HRS) is evaluated. An initial goal of this study was to perform sensitivity analyses to determine the relative importance of the input variables on the structural responses of the radiator panel. The desire was to let the sensitivity analysis information identify the important parameters. The probabilistic analysis methods illustrated here support this objective. The probabilistic structural performance evaluation of a HRS radiator sandwich panel was performed. The radiator panel structural performance was assessed in the presence of uncertainties in the loading, fabrication process variables, and material properties. The stress and displacement contours of the deterministic structural analysis at mean probability was performed and results presented. It is followed by a probabilistic evaluation to determine the effect of the primitive variables on the radiator panel structural performance. Based on uncertainties in material properties, structural geometry and loading, the results of the displacement and stress analysis are used as an input file for the probabilistic analysis of the panel. The sensitivity of the structural responses, such as maximum displacement and maximum tensile and compressive stresses of the facesheet in x and y directions and maximum VonMises stresses of the tube, to the loading and design variables is determined under the boundary condition where all edges of the radiator panel are pinned. Based on this study, design critical material and geometric parameters of the considered sandwich panel are identified

Geometric Stiffness Effects on Data Recovery of an Idealized Mast/Blanket Model

The photovoltaic arrays for the international space station consist of a pre-tensioned blanket of solar collectors and a deployable mast. NASA uses the MSC/NASTRAN finite element program for modeling the dynamic response of the structure due to various loading conditions, such as plume impingement during shuttle docking. This finite element program uses the updated stiffness matrix (elastic plus geometric, or initial stress stiffness matrix) in determining the natural frequencies and mode shapes, as well as the dynamic response, of a pre-loaded structure. However, during the data recovery phase, when the moment and shear at the supports, and internal stresses are determined, geometric stiffness effects are neglected, and only the elastic stiffness is used in the calculation. The purpose of this study was to determine whether using the actual displacements, calculated based upon both elastic and geometric stiffness effects, would produce acceptable results in predicting shear and moment if the geometric stiffness effects were later omitted during data recovery. In this study, the PV array was idealized as a cantilever beam with an attached pre-tensioned cable. Static and dynamic analysis were performed, both using and neglecting the geometric stiffness matrix during data recovery. When considering the idealized mast/blanket model, neglecting the geometric stiffness contribution during data recovery led to a 32.2% difference in the vertical (shear) load at the fixed support, and an 8.8% difference in shear at the free end of the beam (compared to the inclusion of geometric stiffness effects in the analysis). The static analysis provided similar results and supported the \u27\u27reasonableness\u27\u27 of the dynamic analysis. Due to the large discrepancies in the predicted stresses which can ocur when geometric stiffness contributions are neglected during data recovery, it should be imperative that when a structure contains pre-loaded elements, the geometric stiffness effects must be fully considered both in the determination of the natural frequencies and mode shapes, as well as in the subsequent calculation of nodal reactions and stresses

The study of rural landscape at the farm scale: changes in traditional signs and structures

The importance of cultural, historical and identity values of traditional rural landscapes is widely acknowledged in the relevant scientific fields and in legislation. Furthermore, the knowledge of their evolution represents a fundamental basis in order to manage landscape transformations appropriately. The work is part of a broader research aimed at developing and testing a method for the systematic high time and spatial resolution assessment of changes in traditional rural landscape signs. We describe here the main phases of this original quantitative method and a summary of the first results over an Italian case study. A set of parameters allows to provide complementary information about the evolution of the main characters of rural settlements and their components. This proves to be essential to achieve a deep understanding of the traditional physiognomy of places, and to support landscape management and restoration, and the definition of transformation projects

A New Pre-loaded Membrane Geometric Stiffness Matrix with Full Rigid Body Capabilities

Space structures, due to economic considerations, must be light-weight. Accurate prediction of the natural frequencies and mode shapes is critical for determining the structural adequacy of components, and designing a control system. The total stiffness of a member, in many cases, includes both the elastic stiffness of the material as well as additional geometric stiffness due to pre-load (initial stress stiffness). The pre-load causes serious reservations on the use of standard finite element techniques of solution. In particular, a phenomenon known as \u27\u27grounding\u27\u27, or false stiffening, of the stiffness matrix occurs during rigid body rotation. The author has previously shown that that the grounding of a beam element is caused by a lack of rigid body rotational capability, and is typical of beam geometric stiffness matrices formulated by others, including those with higher-order effects. Having identified the source of the problem as the force imbalance inherent in the formulations, the author developed a beam stiffness matrix from a directed force perspective, and showed that the resultant global stiffness matrix contained complete rigid body mode capability, and performed well in the diagonalization methodology customarily used in dynamic analysis. In this paper, the authors investigate the \u27\u27grounding\u27\u27 of membrane elements, and develop a new membrane element with rigid body rotational capabilities

Dzienniki terenowe z badań etnograficznych na obszarach wiejskich Jury Krakowsko-Częstochowskiej jako rejestracja procesu stawania się antropologiem

This article is based on research conducted in rural areas of the Polish Jurassic Highland by first-year ethnology and cultural anthropology students as part of their first field exercises. One of their tasks was to keep fieldnotes, which provided an insight into the young anthropologists’ experiences. Based on an analysis of these notes, I decided to inscribe the process of becoming an anthropologist into the pattern of the rite of passage according to the model proposed by Arnold van Gennep. The purpose of the article is to analyze and interpret the students’ notes and present the point of view of a young researcher – including myself, the author of this article, who participated in this research – on the Polish countryside and the role of the field in the “anthropological initiation.” Making fieldnotes is not only a technique or method of producing anthropological knowledge, but also a source of information about the researcher’s inner experiences during their professional initiation. The article investigates how the specificity of the rural areas of the Polish Jurassic Highland (as the first research field) influenced the process of the symbolic transformation of a student into an anthropologist.Niniejszy artykuł powstał na kanwie badań przeprowadzonych na obszarach wiejskich Jury Krakowsko-Częstochowskiej przez studentów pierwszego roku etnologii i antropologii kulturowej w ramach swoich pierwszych ćwiczeń terenowych. Ich zadaniem było między innymi prowadzenie dzienników terenowych, które stanowiły obraz doświadczeń młodych antropologów. Na podstawie analizy zawartości tych dzienników postanowiłem wpisać proces stawania się antropologiem w schemat obrzędu przejścia według modelu zaproponowanego przez Arnolda van Gennepa. Celem artykułu jest analiza i interpretacja studenckich dzienników oraz przedstawienie punktu widzenia młodego badacza (w tym samego autora artykułu, który wziął udział w tych badaniach) na polską wieś i udział terenu w „inicjacji antropologicznej”. Dziennik terenowy to nie tylko technika czy metoda produkcji wiedzy antropologicznej, ale także źródło wiedzy na temat wewnętrznych przeżyć badacza, które towarzyszą mu podczas inicjacji zawodowej. W artykule został podkreślony wpływ specyfiki obszarów wiejskich Jury Krakowsko-Częstochowskiej – jako pierwszego terenu badawczego w biografii – na proces symbolicznej przemiany studenta w antropologa

Sytuacja prawna muzułmanów w XIX-wiecznym Imperium Rosyjskim

The article discusses legal situation of the Muslim community under the legislation of the Russian Empire’s central governorates in the 19 th century. Regulations in force within that territory were similar to those applied in other governorates of the Imperial Russia. This research is of a general nature due to the fact that detailed elaboration on Muslims’ situation which would include their legal, civil and political limitations could become an extensive monograph, especially if one would take into consideration that different parts of the Russian territory implemented its own legal solutions enforced by the contemporary social and political situation.The article discusses legal situation of the Muslim community under the legislation of the Russian Empire’s central governorates in the 19 th century. Regulations in force within that territory were similar to those applied in other governorates of the Imperial Russia. This research is of a general nature due to the fact that detailed elaboration on Muslims’ situation which would include their legal, civil and political limitations could become an extensive monograph, especially if one would take into consideration that different parts of the Russian territory implemented its own legal solutions enforced by the contemporary social and political situation