Panorama precioso das letras atuais. Papos contemporâneos 1, organizado por Dau Bastos

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Metabolic disturbances due to a high-fat diet in a non-insulin-resistant animal model

OBJECTIVE: Shift workers have metabolic changes more often than day workers. It is also known that night workers prefer foods high in saturated fat. Such data suggest that shift workers are prone to cardiovascular disease. Therefore, the objective of this study was to propose an animal model to test the effect of high-fat diet (HFD) based on shift workers’ diet. METHODS: This is an experimental study with 20 Wistar rats. Ten rats were allocated to the control group (CG) and were fed standard diet. Ten rats were allocated to the experimental group (EG) and were fed HFD (45% fat). Serum triglycerides (TG), glucose and high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-cho) were measured 5, 10 and 15 weeks after the beginning of the study. The amount of visceral adipose tissue (VAT) was determined. Body weight was assessed weekly, and food and water intake were measured daily. Student’s t-test was used for independent samples, and Po0.05 was considered significant. RESULTS: After 15 weeks of intervention, the EG showed increased serum levels of TG (P = 0.001) and glucose (Po0.001) and decreased HDL-cho (Po0.001) when compared with the CG. The EG showed increased VAT (P = 0.005) and liver weight (P = 0.01). Food intake and water intake were higher in the CG (Po0.001 and Po0.001, respectively), whereas energy intake showed no difference (P = 0.48). No difference was found in the weight of adrenal glands (P = 0.07) and body weight (P = 0.63). CONCLUSIONS: The experimental diet was effective to show changes in the serum levels of glucose, TG and HDL-cho and visceral fat in spite of no change in body weight in 15 weeks

A Multi-Metric Adaptive Stream Processing System

International audienceStream processing systems (SPS) have to deal with highly dynamic scenarios where its adaptation is mandatory in order to accomplish realistic applications requirements. In this work, we propose a new adaptive SPS for real-time processing that, based on input data rate variation, dynamically adapts the number of active operator replicas. Our SPS extends Storm by pre-allocating, for each operator, a set of inactive replicas which are activated (or deactivated) when necessary without the Storm reconfiguration cost. We exploit the MAPE model and define a new metric that aggregates the value of multiple metrics to dynamically changes the number of replicas of an operator. We deploy our SPS over Google Cloud Platform and results confirm that our metric can tolerate highly dynamic conditions, improving resource usage while preserving high throughput and low latency

Melatonin is a biomarker of circadian dysregulation and is correlated with major depression and fibromyalgia symptom severity

Objective: This study compared urinary 6-sulfatoxymelatonin (aMT6s) over 24 hours among fibromyalgia (FM), major depression disorder (MDD), and healthy control (HC) groups, and examined whether rhythm is correlated with depressive symptoms. To answer this question we compared the rhythm of urinary aMT6s secretion among each group in four time series: morning (06:00–12:00 hours), afternoon (12:00–18:00 hours), evening (18:00–24:00 hours), and night (24:00–06:00 hours). In the FM subjects, we assessed if the rhythm of urinary aMT6s secretion is associated with pain severity, sleep quality, number of trigger points (NTPs), and the pain pressure threshold (PPT). Patients and methods: We included 54 women, aged 18–60 years with diagnosis of FM (n=18), MDD (n=19), and HC (n =17). The 24-hour urinary aMT6s was evaluated according to four standardized periods. The assessment instruments were the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HDRS), Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, and Fibromyalgia Impact Questionnaire Results: A generalized estimating equation revealed no difference in the daily load of aMT6s secretion among the three groups (P=0.49). However, at the daily time (06:00–18:00 hours), the load secretion of aMT6s reached 41.54% and 60.71% in the FM and MDD, respectively, as compared to 20.73% in the HC (P<0.05). A higher score in the HDRS was positively correlated with the amount of aMT6s secretion during daytime (06:00–18:00 hours). Also, multivariate linear regression revealed that in FM subjects, the aMT6s secretion during daytime (06:00–18:00 hours) was negatively correlated with the PPTlog (partial η2=0.531, P=0.001). However, it was positively correlated with depressive symptoms (partial η2=0.317, P=0.01); PQSI (partial η2=0.306, P=0.017), and NTPs (partial η2=0.23, P=0.04). Conclusion: A more significant load of aMT6s secretion during daytime hours was observed in MDD and FM subjects compared to HC. These findings help to comprehend the biological basis of these disorders and show how disruption in melatonin secretion is positively correlated with clinical symptoms

Variability and star formation in Leo T, the lowest luminosity star-forming galaxy known today

We present results from the first combined study of variable stars and star formation history (SFH) of the Milky Way (MW) "ultra-faint" dwarf (UFD) galaxy Leo T, based on F606W and F814W multi-epoch archive observations obtained with the Wide Field Planetary Camera 2 on board the Hubble Space Telescope. We have detected 14 variable stars in the galaxy. They include one fundamental-mode RR Lyrae star and 10 Anomalous Cepheids with periods shorter than 1 day, thus suggesting the occurrence of multiple star formation episodes in this UFD, of which one about 10 Gyr ago produced the RR Lyrae star. A new estimate of the distance to Leo T of 409 $^{+29}_{-27}$ kpc (distance modulus of 23.06 $\pm$ 0.15 mag) was derived from the galaxy's RR Lyrae star. Our V, V-I color-magnitude diagram of Leo T reaches V~29 mag and shows features typical of a galaxy in transition between dwarf irregular and dwarf spheroidal types. A quantitative analysis of the star formation history, based on the comparison of the observed V,V-I CMD with the expected distribution of stars for different evolutionary scenarios, confirms that Leo T has a complex star formation history dominated by two enhanced periods about 1.5 and 9 Gyr ago, respectively. The distribution of stars and gas shows that the galaxy has a fairly asymmetric structure.Comment: 31 pages, 14 figures, accepted for publication in Ap

Desarticulando las fronteras del erotismo en la vejez

Este trabajo realiza un análisis sobre las narraciones que las personas mayores realizan sobre el erotismo y la sexualidad con el objetivo de presentar las alternativas que encuentran los adultos mayores en sus formas de gozar y desear y el modo en que construyen esos relatos. Los datos se obtuvieron mediante la realización de entrevistas semi estructuradas a 40 adultos mayores de los cuales 28 fueron mujeres de entre 65 y 86 años y 12 fueron hombres de entre 70 y 90 años. Se encontró que el erotismo en las personas mayores aparece como un mecanismo ineludible que pareciera anudar el impulso sexual, la erótica de época y los modos singulares de construir significado a lo largo de las trayectorias personales. Aunque aparece en el relato una referencia a los límites tanto físicos como sociales, los sujetos dan cuenta de su capacidad de transformar el deseo y el goce en formas alternativas que posibilitan compensaciones, reemplazos y el redescubrimiento de recursos.

SPARC inhibition accelerates NAFLD-associated hepatocellular carcinoma development by dysregulating hepatic lipid metabolism

Background and aims: Non-alcoholic fatty liver (NAFLD) and its more serious form non-alcoholic steatohepatitis increase risk of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Lipid metabolic alterations and its role in HCC development remain unclear. SPARC (Secreted Protein, Acidic and Rich in Cysteine) is involved in lipid metabolism, NAFLD and diabetes, but the effects on hepatic lipid metabolism and HCC development is unknown. The aim of this study was to evaluate the role of SPARC in HCC development in the context of NAFLD. Methods: Primary hepatocyte cultures from knockout (SPARC−/−) or wild-type (SPARC+/+) mice, and HepG2 cells were used to assess the effects of free fatty acids on lipid accumulation, expression of lipogenic genes and de novo triglyceride (TG) synthesis. A NAFLD-HCC model was stabilized on SPARC−/− or SPARC+/+ mice. Correlations among SPARC, lipid metabolism-related gene expression patterns and clinical prognosis were studied using HCC gene expression dataset. Results: SPARC−/− mice increases hepatic lipid deposits over time. Hepatocytes from SPARC−/− mice or inhibition of SPARC by an antisense adenovirus in HepG2 cells resulted in increased TG deposit, expression of lipid-related genes and nuclear translocation of SREBP1c. Human HCC database analysis revealed that SPARC negatively correlated with genes involved in lipid metabolism, and with poor survival. In NAFLD-HCC murine model, the absence of SPARC accelerates HCC development. RNA-seq study revealed that pathways related to lipid metabolism, cellular detoxification and proliferation were upregulated in SPARC−/− tumour-bearing mice. Conclusions: The absence of SPARC is associated with an altered hepatic lipid metabolism, and an accelerated NAFLD-related HCC development.Fil: Onorato, Agostina Mariana. Universidad Austral. Facultad de Ciencias Biomédicas. Instituto de Investigaciones en Medicina Traslacional. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Parque Centenario. Instituto de Investigaciones en Medicina Traslacional; ArgentinaFil: Fiore, Esteban Juan. Universidad Austral. Facultad de Ciencias Biomédicas. Instituto de Investigaciones en Medicina Traslacional. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Parque Centenario. Instituto de Investigaciones en Medicina Traslacional; ArgentinaFil: Bayo Fina, Juan Miguel. Universidad Austral. Facultad de Ciencias Biomédicas. Instituto de Investigaciones en Medicina Traslacional. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Parque Centenario. Instituto de Investigaciones en Medicina Traslacional; ArgentinaFil: Casali, Cecilia Irene. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Houssay. Instituto de Química y Físico-Química Biológicas "Prof. Alejandro C. Paladini". Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica. Instituto de Química y Físico-Química Biológicas; ArgentinaFil: Fernandez, Maria del Carmen. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Houssay. Instituto de Química y Físico-Química Biológicas "Prof. Alejandro C. Paladini". Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica. Instituto de Química y Físico-Química Biológicas; ArgentinaFil: Rodriguez, Marcelo Maximiliano. Universidad Austral. Facultad de Ciencias Biomédicas. Instituto de Investigaciones en Medicina Traslacional. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Parque Centenario. Instituto de Investigaciones en Medicina Traslacional; ArgentinaFil: Domínguez, Luciana María. Universidad Austral. Facultad de Ciencias Biomédicas. Instituto de Investigaciones en Medicina Traslacional. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Parque Centenario. Instituto de Investigaciones en Medicina Traslacional; ArgentinaFil: Argemi, Josepmaría. Universidad de Navarra; EspañaFil: Hidalgo, Florencia. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Favre, Cristian. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: García, Mariana. Universidad Austral. Facultad de Ciencias Biomédicas. Instituto de Investigaciones en Medicina Traslacional. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Parque Centenario. Instituto de Investigaciones en Medicina Traslacional; ArgentinaFil: Atorrasagasti, María Catalina. Universidad Austral. Facultad de Ciencias Biomédicas. Instituto de Investigaciones en Medicina Traslacional. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Parque Centenario. Instituto de Investigaciones en Medicina Traslacional; ArgentinaFil: Mazzolini Rizzo, Guillermo Daniel. Universidad Austral. Facultad de Ciencias Biomédicas. Instituto de Investigaciones en Medicina Traslacional. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Parque Centenario. Instituto de Investigaciones en Medicina Traslacional; Argentin

Do campo à escola: compra de alimentos da agricultura familiar pelo Programa Nacional de Alimentação Escolar em Territórios da Cidadania de Goiás

Este artigo relata resultados da promoção da compra da agricultura familiar (AF) pelo Programa Nacional de Alimentação Escolar (PNAE) em municípios goianos, descrevendo a adequação das ações frente a legislação, os desafios e as soluções para a execução do programa. O estudo de intervenção foi desenvolvido em cinco etapas, entre fevereiro de 2012 e outubro de 2013, em 25 municípios de dois territórios da cidadania de Goiás, com a participação de gestor do PNAE e da agricultura, conselheiros da alimentação escolar, nutricionistas e agricultores familiares. A coleta de dados foi realizada por meio de entrevistas, diários e memórias. Dados quantitativos foram expressos em frequência simples e os qualitativos por categorias temáticas. Os resultados revelaram maior relato de articulações com a AF por todos os atores sociais, do mapeamento da produção pelo gestor PNAE e nutricionista e inserção de alimentos da AF nos cardápios. Houve um aumento de 10% para 60% no número de municípios que adquiriram produtos da AF no Território do Vale do Paraná. O porcentual de compra mais frequente foi de 20 a 29% em ambos territórios. As reflexões finais abordam questões de ordem política, institucional e agrícola/agrária, bem como pontos centrais para a efetivação do PNAE