Distribuição espacial e temporal da anurofauna nos banhados da Reserva Biológica do Lami, município de Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil

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Amphibia, Anura, Bufonidae, Dendrophryniscus berthalutzae: distribution extension and geographic distribution map

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Amphibia, Anura, Cycloramphidae, Odontophrynus moratoi Jim and Caramaschi, 1980: filling gaps. Discovery of a new population in the state of São Paulo, southeastern Brazil

The current note reports the presence of Odontophrynus moratoi at municipality of São Carlos, state of São Paulo, southeastern Brazil. This is the third known locality of occurence of this cycloramphid frog considered threatened of extinction

Taxonomic review of Dendrophryniscus brevipollicatus Jiménez de la Espada, 1870, with revalidation of D. imitator (Miranda-Ribeiro, 1920) and D. lauroi Miranda-Ribeiro, 1926, and description of four new related species (Anura, Bufonidae)

Cruz, Carlos Alberto Gonçalves, Caramaschi, Ulisses, Fusinatto, Luciana Ardenghi, Brasileiro, Cinthia Aguirre (2019): Taxonomic review of Dendrophryniscus brevipollicatus Jiménez de la Espada, 1870, with revalidation of D. imitator (Miranda-Ribeiro, 1920) and D. lauroi Miranda-Ribeiro, 1926, and description of four new related species (Anura, Bufonidae). Zootaxa 4648 (1): 27-62, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4648.1.

Dados preliminares sobre a temporada e turnos de vocalização da anurofauna em um banhado da Reserva Ecológica do Lami, município de Porto Alegre, RS

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Spatial and temporal distribution of Pseudis minuta (Anura, Hylidae, Hylinae) and environmental variables related to its reproductive activity in Reserva Biológica do Lami, southern Brazil Distribuição espacial e temporal de Pseudis minuta (Anura, Hylidae, Hylinae) e variáveis ambientais relacionadas à atividade reprodutiva na Reserva Biológica do Lami, sul do Brasil

We studied the reproductive biology of a population of Pseudis minuta Günther, 1858 from Reserva Biológica do Lami (30º 15' S; 51º 05' W), Porto Alegre, southern Brazil. We assessed the spatial and temporal distribution of individuals (males, females, juveniles) and explored potential relationships with environmental variables. Field activities encompassed bimonthly surveys in three semi-permanent ponds, each one during approximately two days and two nights, from August 2004 to July 2005. We recorded differences in the sites used by males, females and juveniles, with males occupying deeper and more distant places from the border. The temporal distributions of individuals, calling sites and amplectant pairs indicated that the reproductive activity of P. minuta is related to some of the studied abiotic factors. Calling males presented statistical differences in relation to non-calling males for all daily abiotic variables analyzed (air temperature, water temperature, relative humidity and rainfall), as well as to monthly temperature and rainfall. The number of active males, females and juveniles was influenced by at least one of the daily or monthly environmental variables analyzed. We conclude that the reproduction in this species is seasonal and may be partially determined by abiotic factors.A distribuição espacial e temporal de Pseudis minuta Günther, 1858 e fatores ambientais relacionados à atividade reprodutiva da espécie foram estudados na Reserva Biológica do Lami (30º 15' S; 51º 05' W), Porto Alegre, Brasil. As atividades de campo compreenderam visitas bimensais a três banhados semi-permanentes, com duração aproximada de dois dias e duas noites cada, entre agosto de 2004 e julho de 2005. Observaram-se diferenças nos sítios utilizados por machos, fêmeas e juvenis, com machos ocupando locais mais profundos e mais distantes da margem. A distribuição temporal dos indivíduos, vocalizações e amplexos indicaram que a atividade reprodutiva de P. minuta está relacionada com alguns dos fatores abióticos estudados. Os machos em atividade de vocalização apresentaram diferença significativa em relação aos machos não vocalizantes para todos os fatores abióticos diários analisados (temperatura do ar, temperatura da água, umidade relativa do ar e pluviosidade), bem como na temperatura do ar e pluviosidade mensais. O número de machos, fêmeas e juvenis em atividade foi influenciada por pelo menos um dos fatores ambientais mensais ou diários analisados. Conclui-se que a reprodução desta espécie é sazonal e parcialmente determinada por fatores abióticos

Data from: Cryptic genetic diversity is paramount in small-bodied amphibians of the genus Euparkerella (Anura: Craugastoridae) endemic to the Brazilian Atlantic Forest

Morphological similarity associated to restricted distributions and low dispersal abilities make the direct developing “Terrarana” frogs of the genus Euparkerella a good model for examining diversification processes. We here infer phylogenetic relationships within the genus Euparkerella, using DNA sequence data from one mitochondrial and four nuclear genes coupled with traditional Bayesian phylogenetic reconstruction approaches and more recent coalescent methods of species tree inference. We also used Bayesian clustering analysis and a recent Bayesian coalescent-based approach specifically to infer species delimitation. The analysis of 39 individuals from the four known Euparkerella species uncovered high levels of genetic diversity, especially within the two previously morphologically-defined E. cochranae and E. brasiliensis. Within these species, the gene trees at five independent loci and trees from combined data (concatenated dataset and the species tree) uncovered six deeply diverged and geographically coherent evolutionary units, which may have diverged between the Miocene and the Pleistocene. These six units were also uncovered in the Bayesian clustering analysis, and supported by the Bayesian coalescent-based species delimitation (BPP), and Genealogical Sorting Index (GSI), providing thus strong evidence for underestimation of the current levels of diversity within Euparkerella. The cryptic diversity now uncovered opens new opportunities to examine the origins and maintenance of microendemism in the context of spatial heterogeneity and/or human induced fragmentation of the highly threatened Brazilian Atlantic forest hotspot

Evolution of CCL16 in Glires (Rodentia and Lagomorpha) shows an unusual random pseudogenization pattern

Abstract Background The C-C motif chemokine ligand 16 (CCL16) is a potent pro-inflammatory chemokine and a chemoattractant for monocytes and lymphocytes. In normal plasma, it is present at high concentrations and elicits its effects on cells by interacting with cell surface chemokine receptors. In the European rabbit and in rodents such as mouse, rat and guinea pig, CCL16 was identified as a pseudogene, while in the thirteen-lined ground squirrel it appears to be potentially functional. To gain insight into the evolution of this gene in the superorder Glires (rodents and lagomorphs), we amplified the CCL16 gene from eleven Leporidae and seven Ochotonidae species. Results We compared our sequences with CCL16 sequences of twelve rodent species retrieved from public databases. The data show that for all leporid species studied CCL16 is a pseudogene. This is primarily due to mutations at the canonical Cys Cys motif, creating either premature stop codons, or disrupting amino acid replacements. In the Mexican cottontail, CCL16 is pseudogenized due to a frameshift deletion. Additionally, in the exon 1 (signal peptide), there are frameshift deletions present in all leporids studied. In contrast, in Ochotona species, CCL16 is potentially functional, except for an allele in Hoffmann’s pika. In rodents, CCL16 is functional in a number of species, but patterns of pseudogenization similar to those observed in lagomorphs also exist. Conclusions Our results suggest that while functional in the Glires ancestor, CCL16 underwent pseudogenization in some species. This process occurred stochastically or in specific lineages at different moments in the evolution of Glires. These observations suggest that the CCL16 had different evolutionary constrains in the Glires group that could be associated with the CCL16 biological function