8,794 research outputs found
Assessing the painful, uninflamed eye in primary care
We acknowledge the important contributions of Professor Amada J Lee, University of Aberdeen, Division of Statistics, for assistance with analysing the data from the patient survey. We thank Kamran Khan, Oliver Chadwick, and Paul Chua, trainee ophthalmologists, NHS Grampian, for providing the clinical images. Contributors: LK contributed to the design of the study, the survey of patients, and writing the paper. JVF contributed to the design of the study and writing the paper. ADD contributed to the design of the study, the survey of the patients, and writing the paper. JVF is guarantor for the paper.Peer reviewedPublisher PD
Autoimmunity, Autoinflammation, and Infection in Uveitis
Funding/Support: No funding or grant support. Financial Disclosures: John V. Forrester has received an honorarium for lecturing from Janssen (London, UK). Lucia Kuffova has undertaken consultancy work for Abbvie (London, UK). Andrew D. Dick has undertaken consultancy work for Abbvie (London, UK), Roche (London, UK), and Genentech (London, UK) and has received honoraria from Janssen (London, UK) and Abbvie (London, UK). The authors attest that they meet the current ICMJE criteria for authorship.Peer reviewedPublisher PD
A simple non-chaotic map generating subdiffusive, diffusive and superdiffusive dynamics
Analytically tractable dynamical systems exhibiting a whole range of normal
and anomalous deterministic diffusion are rare. Here we introduce a simple
non-chaotic model in terms of an interval exchange transformation suitably
lifted onto the whole real line which preserves distances except at a countable
set of points. This property, which leads to vanishing Lyapunov exponents, is
designed to mimic diffusion in non-chaotic polygonal billiards that give rise
to normal and anomalous diffusion in a fully deterministic setting. As these
billiards are typically too complicated to be analyzed from first principles,
simplified models are needed to identify the minimal ingredients generating the
different transport regimes. For our model, which we call the slicer map, we
calculate all its moments in position analytically under variation of a single
control parameter. We show that the slicer map exhibits a transition from
subdiffusion over normal diffusion to superdiffusion under parameter variation.
Our results may help to understand the delicate parameter dependence of the
type of diffusion generated by polygonal billiards. We argue that in different
parameter regions the transport properties of our simple model match to
different classes of known stochastic processes. This may shed light on
difficulties to match diffusion in polygonal billiards to a single anomalous
stochastic process.Comment: 15 pages, 3 figure
Transforming nonlocality into frequency dependence: a shortcut to spectroscopy
Measurable spectra are theoretically very often derived from complicated
many-body Green's functions. In this way, one calculates much more information
than actually needed. Here we present an in principle exact approach to
construct effective potentials and kernels for the direct calculation of
electronic spectra. In particular, the potential that yields the spectral
function needed to describe photoemission turns out to be dynamical but {\it
local} and {\it real}. As example we illustrate this ``photoemission
potential'' for sodium and aluminium, modelled as homogeneous electron gas, and
discuss in particular its frequency dependence stemming from the nonlocality of
the corresponding self-energy. We also show that our approach leads to a very
short derivation of a kernel that is known to well describe absorption and
energy-loss spectra of a wide range of materials
Jóvenes en la política partidaria Una aproximación a las organizaciones de juventud, vinculadas a los partidos políticos en Colombia
Frente al discurso que pregona la supuesta apatía y desafección de los jóvenes porla política partidaria, este ensayo se propone relativizar dicho supuesto, a partir deun acercamiento a las formas de participación de los jóvenes en las organizaciones ycolectivos de juventud, vinculados a los partidos y movimientos políticos en Colombia.Las organizaciones de juventud, adscritas a los partidos y movimientos políticosen Colombia, si bien –con pocas excepciones– están lejos de inaugurar modosde participación que puedan considerarse propiamente juveniles, sí constituyenescenarios que propician la formación ideológica y el fortalecimiento –o cuandomenos la conservación- de las prácticas y de las rutinas que han hecho tradiciónen la dinámica partidaria. En el marco de las conclusiones es propio afirmar que,no obstante las limitaciones y las precariedades que exhiben las organizaciones dejuventud, vinculadas a los partidos políticos en Colombia, su existencia constituyeun punto de apoyo a la supervivencia y por qué no a la revitalización y afinación delos partidos políticos que en sociedades complejas como las nuestras, mientras noexistan otras instituciones que los superen o sustituyan, los partidos políticos soninstituciones necesarias para profundizar la democracia
Microwave Electrodynamics of the Antiferromagnetic Superconductor GdBa_2Cu_3O_{7-\delta}
The temperature dependence of the microwave surface impedance and
conductivity are used to study the pairing symmetry and properties of cuprate
superconductors. However, the superconducting properties can be hidden by the
effects of paramagnetism and antiferromagnetic long-range order in the
cuprates. To address this issue we have investigated the microwave
electrodynamics of GdBa_2Cu_3O_{7-\delta}, a rare-earth cuprate superconductor
which shows long-range ordered antiferromagnetism below T_N=2.2 K, the Neel
temperature of the Gd ion subsystem. We measured the temperature dependence of
the surface resistance and surface reactance of c-axis oriented epitaxial thin
films at 10.4, 14.7 and 17.9 GHz with the parallel plate resonator technique
down to 1.4 K. Both the resistance and the reactance data show an unusual
upturn at low temperature and the resistance presents a strong peak around T_N
mainly due to change in magnetic permeability.Comment: M2S-HTCS-VI Conference Paper, 2 pages, 2 eps figures, using Elsevier
style espcrc2.st
On the dependence of galaxy morphologies on galaxy mergers
The distribution of galaxy morphological types is a key test for models of
galaxy formation and evolution, providing strong constraints on the relative
contribution of different physical processes responsible for the growth of the
spheroidal components. In this paper, we make use of a suite of semi-analytic
models to study the efficiency of galaxy mergers in disrupting galaxy discs and
building galaxy bulges. In particular, we compare standard prescriptions
usually adopted in semi-analytic models, with new prescriptions proposed by
Kannan et al., based on results from high-resolution hydrodynamical
simulations, and we show that these new implementations reduce the efficiency
of bulge formation through mergers. In addition, we compare our model results
with a variety of observational measurements of the fraction of
spheroid-dominated galaxies as a function of stellar and halo mass, showing
that the present uncertainties in the data represent an important limitation to
our understanding of spheroid formation. Our results indicate that the main
tension between theoretical models and observations does not stem from the
survival of purely disc structures (i.e. bulgeless galaxies), rather from the
distribution of galaxies of different morphological types, as a function of
their stellar mass.Comment: MNRAS in press, 11 pages, 5 figure
Characterization of Wave Climate at Hanstholm Location with Focus on the Ratio between Average and Extreme Waves Heights
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