Associations between pedometer-determined physical activity and adiposity in children and adolescents: Systematic review

The present review sought to examine the recent evidence on associations between objectively physical activity determined by pedometer and adiposity. A search for observational studies was carried out using database Pubmed in May 2013. Of 278 potentially eligible papers, 34 papers were included. Most studies (28/34; 82%) were crosssectional and all used proxies for adiposity, such as body mass index (BMI) or BMI z-score as the outcome measure. Few studies (9%; 3/34) focused on pre-school children. There was consistent evidence of negative associations between pedometer-determined physical activity and adiposity: significant negative associations were observed in 24/34 (71%) of studies overall. The present review supports the hypothesis that higher levels of habitual physical activity are protective against child and adolescent obesity. However, prospective longitudinal studies are warranted; there is a need for more research on younger children, and for more ‘dose-response’ evidence

Estrategias de protección renal en Anestesiología y Cuidados Críticos

In the perioperative setting, acute kidney injury (AKI) is a common complication. By itself, the presence of AKI is associated with adverse outcomes, such as increased risk of chronic kidney disease and mortality. Several risk factors are associated with the appearance of perioperative AKI and identifying them is crucial to initiate renal protective measures. Some renoprotective strategies have been shown to be helpful, others are still under investigation, and others are no longer recommended because they are ineffective or even harmful. The lack of efficacy of these therapies could be due to the fact that the therapy was started too late. The new renal biomarkers allow the identification of kidney damage without loss of function, thus allowing the implementation of preventive measures. The purpose of this review is to present an updated summary of the current evidence about the risk factors and mechanisms that lead to the appearance of AKI in the perioperative and the intensive care unit, as well as the different renoprotective strategies and treatments.En el contexto perioperatorio, el daño renal agudo (acute renal injury o AKI) es una complicación frecuente. Por sí mismo, la presencia de AKI se asocia con resultados adversos, tales como mayor riesgo de enfermedad renal crónica (ERC) y de mortalidad. Varios factores de riesgo están asociados con la aparición de AKI perioperatorio e identificarlos es crucial para iniciar medidas de protección renal.  Algunas estrategias renoprotectoras han demostrado ser útiles, otras se encuentran aún en investigación y otras ya no se recomiendan porque son ineficaces o incluso dañinas. La falta de eficacia de estas terapias podría deberse al hecho de que la terapia se inició demasiado tarde. Los nuevos biomarcadores renales permiten identificar el daño renal sin pérdida de función permitiendo así la implementación de medidas preventivas.  El propósito de esta revisión es mostrar un resumen actualizado de la evidencia actual acerca de los factores de riesgo y los mecanismos que nos conducen a la aparición de AKI perioperatorio y en unidad de cuidados críticos así como las diferentes estrategias y tratamientos renoprotectores

Influencia de un Modelo de Intervención Cognitiva para el Desarrollo de las Habilidades del Pensamiento. Teoría de Modificabilidad Cognitiva de Feuerstein, (1983)

This article shows the results of the Influence of a cognitive intervention model for the development of thinking skills designed from Feuerstein's cognitive modifiability theories in the 3rd-grade students of the San Isidro Educational Institution, in Córdoba - Colombia. A quantitative study; aims to establish the value of a strategy when intervening in a specific educational problem: the development of thinking skills related to classification and comparison, in a specific population, of 3rd-grade students. It was considered that the most appropriate design is that of the comparison of the results between two groups, one control and the other experimental. The intervention consisted of a systematic work based on two cognitive intervention primers designed based on Feuerstein's Cognitive Modifiability theories (1983) and on the complementary exercises for Feuerstein's Instrumental Enrichment Program (PEI). The results of the pretest showed both groups with insufficient performance in the evaluated competencies; after the intervention, in the post-test, the control group maintained a level similar to that previously obtained; while the experimental one, who presented insufficient performance in the pretest, improved significantly.Se muestran los resultados de la Influencia de un modelo de intervención cognitiva para el desarrollo de las habilidades del pensamiento diseñado a partir de las teorías de modificabilidad cognitiva de Feuerstein en los estudiantes de 3° de básica primaria de La Institución Educativa San Isidro-Córdoba -Colombia. Un estudio cuantitativo; pretende establecer el valor de una estrategia al intervenir una problemática educativa específica: el desarrollo de las habilidades de pensamiento relacionadas con la clasificación y comparación, en una población específica, estudiantes de 3° grado. Se consideró que el diseño más apropiado es el de la comparación de los resultados entre dos grupos, uno control y otro experimental. La intervención consistió en un trabajo sistemático basado en dos cartillas de intervención cognitiva diseñadas a partir de las teorías de Modificabilidad Cognitiva de Feuerstein, (1983) y en los ejercicios complementarios para el Programa de Enriquecimiento Instrumental (PEI) de Feuerstein. Los resultados del pretest mostraron a ambos grupos con desempeños insuficientes en las competencias evaluadas; luego de la intervención, en el postest, el grupo control mantuvo un nivel similar a los arrojados previamente; mientras que el experimental, quien presentó desempeños insuficientes en el pretest, mejoró significativamente

Caveolin-1 deficiency induces a MEK-ERK1/2-Snail-1-dependent epithelial-mesenchymal transition and fibrosis during peritoneal dialysis

Peritoneal dialysis (PD) is a form of renal replacement therapy whose repeated use can alter dialytic function through induction of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and fibrosis, eventually leading to PD discontinuation. The peritoneum from Cav1-/- mice showed increased EMT, thickness and fibrosis. Exposure of Cav1-/- mice to PD fluids further increased peritoneal membrane thickness, altered permeability and increased the number of FSP-1/cytokeratin-positive cells invading the sub-mesothelial stroma. High-throughput quantitative proteomics revealed increased abundance of collagens, FN and laminin, as well as proteins related to TGF- activity in matrices derived from Cav1-/- cells. Lack of Cav1 was associated with hyperactivation of a MEK-ERK1/2-Snail-1 pathway that regulated the Smad2-3/Smad1-5-8 balance. Pharmacological blockade of MEK rescued E-cadherin and ZO-1 inter-cellular junction localization, reduced fibrosis and restored peritoneal function in Cav1-/- mice. Moreover, treatment of human PD-patient-derived MCs with drugs increasing Cav1 levels, as well as ectopic Cav1 expression, induced reacquisition of epithelial features. This study demonstrates a pivotal role of Cav1 in the balance of epithelial versus mesenchymal state and suggests targets for the prevention of fibrosis during PD

Reflexión sobre la educación-aprendizaje para incentivar la creatividad en el estudiante de diseño

Este proyecto surge por la iniciativa de profesores en la carrera de Diseño Gráfico, de la FADU - Universidad Autónoma de Tamaulipas, México, para detectar cuales son los elementos que facilitan el desarrollo de la creatividad en el estudiante. Ayuda a ser una guía y no una limitante. Partiendo de interrogantes como factores de formación universitaria que desarrollan la creatividad en los estudiantes; factores de carácter personal que coadyuvan al desarrollo de las capacidades creativas; características de formación universitaria o entorno personal que influyen en respuestas menos creativas; procesos mentales de razonamiento en la interpretación creativa y procesos creativos menos estereotipados

Generation of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) from a Bernard–Soulier syndrome patient carrying a W71R mutation in the GPIX gene

AbstractWe generated an induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) line from a Bernard–Soulier Syndrome (BSS) patient carrying the mutation p.Trp71Arg in the GPIX locus (BSS1-PBMC-iPS4F4). Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were reprogrammed using heat sensitive non-integrative Sendai viruses containing the reprogramming factors Oct3/4, SOX2, KLF4 and c-MYC. Successful silencing of the exogenous reprogramming factors was checked by RT-PCR. Characterization of BSS1-PBMC-iPS4F4 included mutation analysis of GPIX locus, Short Tandem Repeats (STR) profiling, alkaline phosphatase enzymatic activity, analysis of conventional pluripotency-associated factors at mRNA and protein level and in vivo differentiation studies. BSS1-PBMC-iPS4F4 will provide a powerful tool to study BSS

Porous organic polymers containing active metal centers for Suzuki–Miyaura heterocoupling reactions

Producción CientíficaA new generation of confined palladium(II) catalysts covalently attached inside of porous organic polymers (POPs) has been attained. The synthetic approach employed was straightforward, and there was no prerequisite for making any modification of the precursor polymer. First, POP-based catalytic supports were obtained by reacting one symmetric trifunctional aromatic monomer (1,3,5-triphenylbenzene) with two ketones having electron-withdrawing groups (4,5-diazafluoren-9-one, DAFO, and isatin) in superacidic media. The homopolymers and copolymers were made using stoichiometric ratios between the functional groups, and they were obtained with quantitative yields after the optimization of reaction conditions. Moreover, the number of chelating groups (bipyridine moieties) available to bind Pd(II) ions to the catalyst supports was modified using different DAFO/isatin ratios. The resulting amorphous polymers and copolymers showed high thermal stability, above 500 °C, and moderate–high specific surface areas (from 760 to 935 m2 g–1), with high microporosity contribution (from 64 to 77%). Next, POP-supported Pd(II) catalysts were obtained by simple immersion of the catalyst supports in a palladium(II) acetate solution, observing that the metal content was similar to that theoretically expected according to the amount of bipyridine groups present. The catalytic activity of these heterogeneous catalysts was explored for the synthesis of biphenyl and terphenyl compounds, via the Suzuki–Miyaura cross-coupling reaction using a green solvent (ethanol/water), low palladium loads, and aerobic conditions. The findings showed excellent catalytic activity with quantitative product yields. Additionally, the recyclability of the catalysts, by simply washing it with ethanol, was excellent, with a sp2–sp2 coupling yield higher than 95% after five cycles of use. Finally, the feasibility of these catalysts to be employed in tangible organic reactions was assessed. Thus, the synthesis of a bulky compound, 4,4′-dimethoxy-5′-tert-butyl-m-terphenylene, which is a precursor of a thermal rearrangement monomer, was scaled-up to 2 g, with high conversion and 96% yield of the pure product.Agencia Estatal de Investigación (projects PID2019-109403RB-C22, MAT2016-76413-C2-R2, CTQ2017-89217- P and MAT2016-76413-C2-R1)Junta de Castilla y León (project VA038G18

Método para la enseñanza en la construcción de un diseño: El proceso de conceptualización creativa orientada al la presentación de proyectos de Diseño Gráfico

La disciplina social del diseño gráfico es un fenómeno de lenguaje, diálogo e interpretación por medio de atributos visuales apropiados al contexto, visibilidad y representación. Esta disciplina se apoya en un proceso de investigación previo a la elaboración de cualquier proyecto gráfico. El poder lograr aterrizar y vincular los atributos y características generales del servicio o producto a un diseño conlleva al conocimiento de estímulos y fuerzas que pongan en marcha, modifiquen, dispongan o deshagan un equilibrio creando la percepción de un diseño y justificando la toma de decisiones en su proceso

Sistema de gestión de la seguridad y salud en el trabajo de la empresa MAN&TEC

MAN & TEC es una empresa dedicada a prestar Servicios técnicos industriales y de mantenimiento. Dentro del desarrollo de sus actividades se observó que, al momento de llevar a cabo sus responsabilidades, los empleados deben realizar trabajos en alturas. Como resultado de lo anterior, exponen su vida. Por esto y para minimizar el riesgo, el trabajador debe estar afiliado a una ARL y a una AFP y contar con el curso avanzado de alturas. Además, la empresa deberá entregar a los empleados los elementos de protección personal tales como cascos, arneses, líneas de posicionamiento, salva caídas troll o arrestador y conector doble con absorbedor de choque. Todos estos elementos son cruciales para el personal que trabaja en alturas ya que, si no se cumple con la documentación y los EPP, estos empleados no podrían realizar su trabajo. Todas las recomendaciones deben ser tenidas en cuenta ya que el principal objetivo es velar por la seguridad de cada empleado y evitar accidentes laborales. Para finalizar, la persona encargada del SG-SST deberá asegurarse que las personas que realizan trabajos en alturas tengan la afiliación al orden día, estén anclados de la forma correcta y que los implementos herramientas y materiales estén perfectas condiciones, teniendo en cuenta que es una actividad de alto riesgo y al mínimo detalle deficiente puede ocasionar la muerte del empleado.MAN & TEC is a company dedicated to providing industrial technical and maintenance services. Within the development of its activities, it was observed that, at the time of carrying out their responsibilities, employees must perform work at heights. As a result, they expose their lives. To minimize the risk, employees must be affiliated with an ARL and an AFP and have an advanced course on heights. In addition, the company must provide employees with personal protection elements such as helmets, harnesses, positioning lines, troll fall arresters and double connectors with shock absorbers. All these elements are crucial for the personnel working at heights because, if the documentation and PPE (Personal Protective Equipment) are not complied with, these employees would not be able to perform their jobs. All recommendations must be taken into account since the main objective is to ensure the safety of each employee and to avoid work-related accidents. Finally, the person in charge of the OSHMS (Occupational Safety and Health Management Systems) must ensure that the people who work at heights have their affiliations up to date, that they are anchored correctly, and that the tools and materials are in perfect conditions, taking into account that this is a high-risk activity, and the slightest missed detail can result in the death of employees