DEFINING THE COMPLEXITIES OF MEF2 FUNCTION AND REGULATION IN DROSOPHILA

The development of cardiac and somatic muscle is coordinated by many factors that are highly conserved across species. Mutations in the coding or regulatory sequences of a gene can alter the structure, function or levels of expression of the protein it encodes. We have identified the genetic mechanism underlying the temperature sensitive mutation in MEF2 (myocyte enhancer factor 2), which is required for the differentiation of all muscle lineages. In addition, we have identified a regulatory element upstream of the Mef2 gene that directs its expression from stage fourteen through the end of embryogenesis which is activated by the NK-homeobox transcription factor Tinman and the GATA transcription factor Pannier. Additionally, we have found that Tinman and Pannier work in collaboration with MEF2 to activate the entire cardiac program. Finally, we have purified cardiac cells from Drosophila embryos and have paired-end sequenced their mRNA in order to identify novel factors that contribute to heart development

Total endovascular repair of a malpositioneted frozen elephant trunk with Thoraflex hybrid prosthesis: A case report

We report a case of a 56-year-old male who underwent Frozen Elephant Trunk procedure for residual type A chronic aortic dissection, complicated by the release of the distal endovascular portion of the hybrid prosthesis in the false lumen. This complication was successfully treated with a totally endovascular approach

Ocorrência de Anastrepha zenildae Zucchi (Diptera: Tephritidae) e seu parasitóide em frutos de Ziziphus mauritiana (Rhamnaceae) em Roraima.

Resumo 1626-1

Extensive solitary lymphatic malformation of the liver in a child: a case report and literature review

Intrabdominal lymphatic malformations are rare benign congenital vascular anomalies that account for less than 5% of benign masses in childhood, with an extremely variable clinical presentation. For this reason, although their radiological appearance is usually typical, diagnosis can be challenging and not always immediate. This report describes a unique case of extensive solitary hepatic lymphatic malformation in a 10-year-old boy with both extra- and intraparenchymal development with no associated symptoms. A literature review of reported cases of solitary hepatic lymphatic malformation is also included

Construction of a synthetic infectious cDNA clone of Grapevine Algerian latent virus (GALV-Nf) and its biological activity in Nicotiana benthamiana and grapevine plants

Background: Grapevine Algerian latent virus (GALV) is a tombusvirus first isolated in 1989 from an Algerian grapevine (Vitis spp.) plant and more recently from water samples and commercial nipplefruit and statice plants. No further reports of natural GALV infections in grapevine have been published in the last two decades, and artificial inoculations of grapevine plants have not been reported. We developed and tested a synthetic GALV construct for the inoculation of Nicotiana benthamiana plants and different grapevine genotypes to investigate the ability of this virus to infect and spread systemically in different hosts. Methods: We carried out a phylogenetic analysis of all known GALV sequences and an epidemiological survey of grapevine samples to detect the virus. A GALV-Nf clone under the control of the T7 promoter was chemically synthesized based on the full-length sequence of the nipplefruit isolate GALV-Nf, the only available sequence at the time the project was conceived, and the infectious transcripts were tested in N. benthamiana plants. A GALV-Nf-based binary vector was then developed for the agroinoculation of N. benthamiana and grapevine plants. Infections were confirmed by serological and molecular analysis and the resulting ultrastructural changes were investigated in both species. Results: Sequence analysis showed that the GALV coat protein is highly conserved among diverse isolates. The first epidemiological survey of cDNAs collected from 152 grapevine plants with virus-like symptoms did not reveal the presence of GALV in any of the samples. The agroinoculation of N. benthamiana and grapevine plants with the GALV-Nf binary vector promoted efficient infections, as revealed by serological and molecular analysis. The GALV-Nf infection of grapevine plants was characterized in more detail by inoculating different cultivars, revealing distinct patterns of symptom development. Ultrastructural changes induced by GALV-Nf in N. benthamiana were similar to those induced by tombusviruses in other hosts, but the cytopathological alterations in grapevine plants were less severe. Conclusions: This is the first report describing the development of a synthetic GALV-Nf cDNA clone, its artificial transmission to grapevine plants and the resulting symptoms and cytopathological alterations

Bimodal release ondansetron for acute gastroenteritis among adolescents and adults: A randomized clinical trial

Importance: Vomiting resulting from acute gastroenteritis is commonly treated with intravenous antiemetics in acute care settings. If oral treatment were beneficial, patients might not need intravenous administered hydration or medication. Furthermore, a long-acting treatment could provide sustained relief from nausea and vomiting. Objective: To determine whether an experimental long-acting bimodal release ondansetron tablet decreases gastroenteritis-related vomiting and eliminates the need for intravenous therapy for 24 hours after administration. Design, Setting, and Participants: This placebo-controlled, double-blind, randomized clinical trial included patients from 19 emergency departments and 2 urgent care centers in the United States from December 8, 2014, to February 17, 2017. Patients 12 years and older with at least 2 vomiting episodes from presumed gastroenteritis in the previous 4 hours and symptoms with less than 36 hours\u27 duration were randomized using a 3:2 active to placebo ratio. Analyses were performed on an intent-to-treat basis and conducted from June 1, 2017, to November 1, 2017. Intervention: Bimodal release ondansetron tablet containing 6 mg of immediate release ondansetron and 18 mg of a 24-hour release matrix for a total of 24 mg of ondansetron. Main Outcomes and Measures: Treatment success was defined as no further vomiting, no need for rescue medication, and no intravenous hydration for 24 hours after bimodal release ondansetron administration. Results: Analysis included 321 patients (mean [SD] age, 29.0 [11.1] years; 195 [60.7%] women), with 192 patients in the bimodal release ondansetron group and 129 patients in the placebo group. Treatment successes were observed in 126 patients in the bimodal release ondansetron group (65.6%) compared with 70 patients in the placebo group (54.3%), with an 11.4% (95% CI, 0.3%-22.4%) absolute probability difference. The proportion of treatment success was 21% higher among patients who received bimodal release ondansetron compared with those who received a placebo (relative risk, 1.21; 95% CI, 1.00-1.46; P = .04). In an analysis including only patients with a discharge diagnosis of acute gastroenteritis and no major protocol violations, there were 123 treatment successes (69.5%) in the bimodal release ondansetron group compared with 67 treatment successes (54.9%) in the placebo group (relative risk, 1.27; 95% CI, 1.05-1.53; P = .01). Adverse effects were infrequent and similar to the known safety profile of ondansetron. Conclusions and Relevance: This randomized clinical trial found that a long-acting bimodal release oral ondansetron tablet was an effective antiemetic among adolescents and adults with moderate to severe vomiting from acute gastroenteritis. The drug benefits extended to 24 hours after administration. Bimodal release ondansetron may decrease the need for intravenous access and emergency department care to manage acute gastroenteritis. Trial Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT02246439

Live Cells as Dynamic Laboratories: Time Lapse Raman Spectral Microscopy of Nanoparticles with Both IgE Targeting and pH-Sensing Functions

This review captures the use of live cells as dynamic microlaboratories through implementation of labeled nanoparticles (nanosensors) that have both sensing and targeting functions. The addition of 2,4-ε-dinitrophenol-L-lysine (DNP) as a FcεRI targeting ligand and 4-mercaptopyridine (4-MPy) as a pH-sensing ligand enables spatial and temporal monitoring of FcεRI receptors and their pH environment within the endocytic pathway. To ensure reliability, the sensor is calibrated in vivo using the ionophore nigericin and standard buffer solutions to equilibrate the external [H+] concentration with that of the cell compartments. This review highlights the nanosensors, ability to traffic and respond to pH of receptor-bound nanosensors (1) at physiological temperature (37°C) versus room temperature (25°C), (2) after pharmacological treatment with bafilomycin, an H+ ATPase pump inhibitor, or amiloride, an inhibitor of Na+/H+ exchange, and (3) in response to both temperature and pharmacological treatment. Whole-cell, time lapse images are demonstrated to show the ability to transform live cells into dynamic laboratories to monitor temporal and spatial endosomal pH. The versatility of these probes shows promise for future applications relevant to intracellular trafficking and intelligent drug design

Transcatheter Mitral Valve-in-Valve Dislocation: A Rescue Strategy

In the transcatheter aortic valve replacement era, transapical valve-in-valve mitral valve implantation is considered an alternative treatment for high-risk patients with degenerated mitral bioprosthesis. We report an unusual strategy to remedy the potentially fatal complication of the mitral prosthesis migration into the aortic arch. The dislocated prosthesis was successfully stabilized in the aortic arch with a bare aortic stent, ensuring adequate perfusion of epiaortic vessels. \ua9 2018 The Society of Thoracic Surgeon

Efeito da tostagem de barricas de carvalho sobre o perfil químico e sensorial de vinhos tintos.

XV Congresso Latino-Americano de Viticultura e Enologia E XIII Congresso Brasileiro de Viticultura e Enologia. Bento Gonçalves-RS, 3 a 7 de Novembro de 2015