HABITAÇÃO MULTIFAMILIAR E INFLUÊNCIAS NO ESPAÇO URBANO. TENDÊNCIAS DA PRODUÇÃO IMOBILIÁRIA RESIDENCIAL MULTIFAMILIAR NO MUNICÍPIO DA SERRA A PARTIR DOS ANOS 2000

  The present study identifi es the trends of the real estate market and their predilection for gated communities, through the production of multifamily housing implemented in the city of Serra, Espírito Santo, from the years 2000 and throughout 2010, crucial moment for the materialization of the Program “Minha Casa Minha Vida - My Home My Life”. The research presents a synthesis of the urban development of the Serra from the twentieth century, with emphasis on the establishment of a multifamily residential tissue. The method comprises the identifi cation and scrutiny of qualitative and quantitative information regarding gated communities, the development of a geo-referenced database, and the creation of thematic maps, allowing the cross-referencing of typological and spatial information, as well as the classifi cation of the projects as common characteristics, allowing the identifi cation of relevant issues and trends. The investigation of this typological model is an attempt to decode the consequences of this mass phenomenon in the urban environment.O presente estudo identifi ca as tendências do mercado imobiliário e a sua predileção por condomínios fechados, através da produção da habitação multifamiliar implementada no município da Serra, Espírito Santo, a partir dos anos 2000 e ao longo dos anos 2010, momento crucial à materialização do Programa Habitacional Minha Casa Minha Vida. A pesquisa apresenta uma síntese do desenvolvimento urbano da Serra a partir do século XX, com ênfase na constituição de um tecido residencial multifamiliar. O método compreende a identifi cação e o levantamento de informações qualitativas e quantitativas referentes aos condomínios fechados, a elaboração de um banco de dados georreferenciados, e a criação de mapas temáticos, possibilitando o cruzamento de informações tipológicas e territoriais, bem como a classifi cação dos empreendimentos conforme características comuns, permitindo a identifi cação de aspectos relevantes e tendências. A investigação desse modelo tipológico é uma tentativa de decodifi car as consequências desse fenômeno de massa no meio urbano

Estudo da dinâmica folicular durante o ciclo estral de éguas minipôneis : resultados preliminares

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Frequency and genotypic distribution of GB virus C (GBV-C) among Colombian population with Hepatitis B (HBV) or Hepatitis C (HCV) infection

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>GB virus C (GBV-C) is an enveloped positive-sense ssRNA virus belonging to the <it>Flaviviridae </it>family. Studies on the genetic variability of the GBV-C reveals the existence of six genotypes: genotype 1 predominates in West Africa, genotype 2 in Europe and America, genotype 3 in Asia, genotype 4 in Southwest Asia, genotype 5 in South Africa and genotype 6 in Indonesia. The aim of this study was to determine the frequency and genotypic distribution of GBV-C in the Colombian population.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>Two groups were analyzed: i) 408 Colombian blood donors infected with HCV (n = 250) and HBV (n = 158) from Bogotá and ii) 99 indigenous people with HBV infection from Leticia, Amazonas. A fragment of 344 bp from the 5' untranslated region (5' UTR) was amplified by nested RT PCR. Viral sequences were genotyped by phylogenetic analysis using reference sequences from each genotype obtained from GenBank (n = 160). Bayesian phylogenetic analyses were conducted using Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) approach to obtain the MCC tree using BEAST v.1.5.3.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>Among blood donors, from 158 HBsAg positive samples, eight 5.06% (n = 8) were positive for GBV-C and from 250 anti-HCV positive samples, 3.2%(n = 8) were positive for GBV-C. Also, 7.7% (n = 7) GBV-C positive samples were found among indigenous people from Leticia. A phylogenetic analysis revealed the presence of the following GBV-C genotypes among blood donors: 2a (41.6%), 1 (33.3%), 3 (16.6%) and 2b (8.3%). All genotype 1 sequences were found in co-infection with HBV and 4/5 sequences genotype 2a were found in co-infection with HCV. All sequences from indigenous people from Leticia were classified as genotype 3. The presence of GBV-C infection was not correlated with the sex (p = 0.43), age (p = 0.38) or origin (p = 0.17).</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>It was found a high frequency of GBV-C genotype 1 and 2 in blood donors. The presence of genotype 3 in indigenous population was previously reported from Santa Marta region in Colombia and in native people from Venezuela and Bolivia. This fact may be correlated to the ancient movements of Asian people to South America a long time ago.</p

Increasing involvement of CAPN1 variants in spastic ataxias and phenotype-genotype correlations

Spastic ataxias are rare neurogenetic disorders involving spinocerebellar and pyramidal tracts. Many genes are involved. Among them, CAPN1, when mutated, is responsible for a complex inherited form of spastic paraplegia (SPG76). We report the largest published series of 21 novel patients with nine new CAPN1 disease-causing variants and their clinical characteristics from two European university hospitals (Paris and Stockholm). After a formal clinical examination, causative variants were identified by next-generation sequencing and confirmed by Sanger sequencing. CAPN1 variants are a rare cause (~ 1.4%) of young-adult-onset spastic ataxia; however, together with all published cases, they allowed us to better describe the clinical and genetic spectra of this form. Truncating variants are the most frequent, and missense variants lead to earlier age at onset in favor of an additional deleterious effect. Cerebellar ataxia with cerebellar atrophy, dysarthria and lower limb weakness are often associated with spasticity. We also suggest that cognitive impairment and depression should be assessed specifically in the follow-up of SPG76 cases.Identification of new causative genes in spinocerebellar degenerations by combination of whole genome scan, next-generation sequencing and biological validation in vitro and in vivoInfrastructure de Recherche Translationnelle pour les Biothérapies en NeurosciencesEuropean Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programm

Management and outcomes of patients with left atrial appendage thrombus prior to percutaneous closure.

Left atrial appendage (LAA) thrombus has heretofore been considered a contraindication to percutaneous LAA closure (LAAC). Data regarding its management are very limited. The aim of this study was to analyse the medical and invasive treatment of patients referred for LAAC in the presence of LAA thrombus. This multicentre observational registry included 126 consecutive patients referred for LAAC with LAA thrombus on preprocedural imaging. Treatment strategies included intensification of antithrombotic therapy (IAT) or direct LAAC. The primary and secondary endpoints were a composite of bleeding, stroke and death at 18 months, and procedural success, respectively. IAT was the preferred strategy in 57.9% of patients, with total thrombus resolution observed in 60.3% and 75.3% after initial and subsequent IAT, respectively. Bleeding complications and stroke during IAT occurred in 9.6% and 2.9%, respectively, compared with 3.8% bleeding and no embolic events in the direct LAAC group before the procedure. Procedural success was 90.5% (96.2% vs 86.3% in direct LAAC and IAT group, respectively, p=0.072), without cases of in-hospital thromboembolic complications. The primary endpoint occurred in 29.3% and device-related thrombosis was found in 12.8%, without significant difference according to treatment strategy. Bleeding complications at 18 months occurred in 22.5% vs 10.5% in the IAT and direct LAAC group, respectively (p=0.102). In the presence of LAA thrombus, IAT was the initial management strategy in half of our cohort, with initial thrombus resolution in 60% of these, but with a relatively high bleeding rate (~10%). Direct LAAC was feasible, with high procedural success and absence of periprocedural embolic complications. However, a high rate of device-related thrombosis was detected during follow-up

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear un derstanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5–7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8–11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world’s most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepre sented in biodiversity databases.13–15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may elim inate pieces of the Amazon’s biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological com munities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple or ganism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region’s vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most ne glected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lostinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear understanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5,6,7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8,9,10,11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world's most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepresented in biodiversity databases.13,14,15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may eliminate pieces of the Amazon's biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological communities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple organism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region's vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most neglected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lost

Unraveling an Evolutionary Enigma: Investigation of Population Dynamics, Species Diversification, Phylogeny, and Biogeography of the Common Mastiff Bats (Molossus)

Understanding the spatial distribution of genetic diversity for a particular group is critical to understanding patterns of biodiversity and biogeography and informing conservation and management decisions, especially when studying cryptic species. Bats are one of the few native groups of mammals present in both the Antilles and the mainland Neotropics. However, not much is known about how geographic and oceanic barriers affect gene flow and the patterns of diversity in this group and the capacity of different species to disperse among islands. In addition, mechanisms underlying the evolution of species-specific echolocation signals and its correlation with morphology are not well understood. I address these evolutionary questions using the mastiff bats (Molossus) as a study group. The genus Molossus is widely distributed in the Neotropics, occupying both sides of prominent geographic and oceanic barriers. I used the genotype by sequencing (GBS) approach to test the utility of next generation sequencing to understand phylogenetic relationships, population structure, biogeography, and evolution of characters among genetically conserved groups. I clarified the taxonomy of Molossus and elevate the number of species in the genus from 11 to 14, revealing three complexes of cryptic species. I also showed that phylogeographic patterns vary according to habitats preferences, to levels of population isolation, and to historical fluctuations in climate. Biogeographic analyses suggest that the ancestor of Molossus had its origin in South America and that most of the speciation in the genus occurred relatively recently, within a short period of time, consistent with a hypothesis of diversification in Pleistocene refugia. I did not find much support for mainland geographic barriers acting to disrupt gene flow, but oceanic straights seem to genetically isolate some species. Previously a taxonomic black-box, the evolution of Molossus has been painted with an alchemist’s admixture of stasis, convergence, genetic divergence, and conservatism to render the seemingly mundane house-bat a fascinating model in which to explore evolutionary patterns in a broadly distributed Neotropical group comprising both relatively ancient and recently derived lineages.Ph.D.2021-11-14 00:00:0