Surgical Strategies in Childhood Craniopharyngioma

Craniopharyngiomas are biologically benign lesions (WHO Grade 1) of the sellar and suprasellar region, associated with a serious morbidity. About 50% of these tumors become clinically apparent during childhood. Clinical symptoms include headaches, chiasm syndrome, hydrocephalus, pituitary insufficiencies, and obesity. Growth arrest is a typical symptom in children. The treatment of craniopharyngiomas includes surgery as well as radiotherapy. The goal of surgery varies according to the tumor location and extension and may range from complete resection to biopsy. Surgical complications are well known and cause constant evaluation of surgical strategies. Diencephalic obesity is related to surgical manipulation of hypothalamic tissue. Therefore, a classification system for craniopharyngiomas based on preoperative MRI is suggested by the authors. Recurrences are frequent in craniopharyngiomas, even after complete or gross-total resection. Radiotherapy is therefore recommended to patients with incomplete resections. However, the ideal time for radiotherapy after surgery is under discussion. The treatment of craniopharyngiomas requires an interdisciplinary and multimodal approach. Each patient should receive an individually tailored treatment. Surgically, different approaches as well as different degrees of resection can be considered, depending on tumor location and tumor extension

Viscous flow and surface crystallization caused by Vickers indentation

Healing and nucleation activity of crack patterns caused by Vickers micro-indentations on the surface of diopside glass (MgO - CaO - 2 SiO2 ) were studied by optical and surface interference microscopy. Minimizing the glass surface during thermal treatments and healing of cracks result in funnel-like depressions symmetrically arranged around the Vickers indentation. Diopside surface crystals predominantly grow from previous crack edges. Thus, double chains of crystals reveal completely healed radial cracks white long range viscous flow at the formation of funnel-like depressions spreads off former double chains to form circular crystal chains

Sustav za vakuumsko naparavanje uz pojačanje prekrivanja ionskim snopom

Ion-beam-assisted deposition (IBAD) is increasingly used in thin film technologies to solve problems of adhesion, stress inside layers or to generate special properties of surfaces of solids. A small size IBAD system for use in research laboratories or for industrial use is described. The vacuum system uses a wide range turbomolecular pump and a diaphragm backing pump. The oil free system has a general advantage for thin film technologies. One or more planar magnetrons and a filamentless ion source are arranged in a cylindrical vacuum chamber. The system can be extended by additional chambers for loading, plasma cleaning and unloading. A computer control allows automatic coating procedures or manually controlled actions.Radi rješavanja problema prianjanja, naprezanja u slojevima ili radi postizavanja posebnih efekata, sve se više upotrebljava nanošenje uz pojačanje ionskim snopom. Opisuje se takav malen sustav za primjenu u istraživačkim laboratorijima ili u industriji. Vakuumski sistem isisava pumpa s dijafragmom i turbomolekulska pumpa, što omogućava rad bez zagadenja uljem. U cilindričnoj komori mogu se razmjestiti jedan ili više magnetrona i izvora iona. Moguće je automatsko vođenje procesa naparavanja računalom

Carbonbeton-Schalendemonstrator

Ein Carbonbeton-Schalentragwerk, das im Rahmen des DFG-Schwerpunktprogramms SPP 1542 „Leicht Bauen mit Beton“ von der TU Chemnitz entwickelt wurde, wurde nach Projektabschluss erfolgreich errichtet.A carbon reinforced concrete shell structure which wasdeveloped by Chemnitz University of Technology as part of the DFG Priority Programme SPP 1542 “Concrete ligth” was successfully erected after the project was completed

Sustav za vakuumsko naparavanje uz pojačanje prekrivanja ionskim snopom

Ion-beam-assisted deposition (IBAD) is increasingly used in thin film technologies to solve problems of adhesion, stress inside layers or to generate special properties of surfaces of solids. A small size IBAD system for use in research laboratories or for industrial use is described. The vacuum system uses a wide range turbomolecular pump and a diaphragm backing pump. The oil free system has a general advantage for thin film technologies. One or more planar magnetrons and a filamentless ion source are arranged in a cylindrical vacuum chamber. The system can be extended by additional chambers for loading, plasma cleaning and unloading. A computer control allows automatic coating procedures or manually controlled actions.Radi rješavanja problema prianjanja, naprezanja u slojevima ili radi postizavanja posebnih efekata, sve se više upotrebljava nanošenje uz pojačanje ionskim snopom. Opisuje se takav malen sustav za primjenu u istraživačkim laboratorijima ili u industriji. Vakuumski sistem isisava pumpa s dijafragmom i turbomolekulska pumpa, što omogućava rad bez zagadenja uljem. U cilindričnoj komori mogu se razmjestiti jedan ili više magnetrona i izvora iona. Moguće je automatsko vođenje procesa naparavanja računalom

Wiederverwendbare flexible GFK-Schalungen zur Herstellung von doppelt gekrümmten Beton-Leichtbauelementen

Für die Herstellung großformatiger dünnwandiger Schalentragwerke bedarf es geeigneter Schalungssysteme, die eine frei geformte Geometrie, eine erhöhte Wiederverwendbarkeit sowie eine glatte Sichtbetonqualität der Elemente ohne Fehlstellen (Architekturbeton) in Kombination mit einer hohen Produktivität gestatten [1]. Derzeit ist die Herstellung frei geformter Beton-Leichtbauelemente sowohl mit einem erheblichen Material- und Montageals auch Kostenaufwand verbunden [2]–[4]. Zu üblichen Schalungstechniken zählen konventionell segmentierte Holz- und Stahlsysteme, pneumatisch gestützte und modellierte Schalungen sowie deren Kombinationen. Für einfach verformbare Schalungssysteme sind dazu einige Patente angemeldet worden, z. B. [5]–[7]. Aktuelle Forschungen (wie bspw. [8]–[11]) beschäftigen sich weiterhin mit flexiblen Schalungssystemen, die über zahlreiche einstellbare Aktuatoren frei formbare Flächen mit zumeist polymeren Schalhäuten erzeugen.For the production of large-size concrete shell structures with thin walls, it is necessary to provide formwork systems, which permit freely formed geometries, enhanced reusability and smooth, fair-faced concrete quality of the elements without defects (architectural concrete) in combination with high productivity [1]. Currently, the production of lightweight, freeformed concrete elements is characterized by high material and installation eff orts as well as costs [2]–[4]. Common formwork techniques include segmented systems made of wood or steel, pneumatically supported and modelled formworks as well as combinations thereof. There are some pending patents on simply deformable formwork systems, e.g. [5]–[7]. Furthermore, recent research activities encompass flexible formwork systems, which generate free-form areas with the help of numerous adjustable actuators and polymer membranes [8]–[11]

Neue Methode zur Quantifizierung bodenhydraulischer Kennfunktionen unter Berücksichtigung von Schrumpfung und Quellung

Das erweiterte Verdunstungsverfahren (EEM) mit dem Messgerät HYPROP ermöglicht die simultane Messung der Wasser-retentionskurve (pF) und der ungesättigten hydraulischen Leitfähigkeitsfunktion (K) im Bereich zwischen Sättigung und nahe dem permanenten Welkepunkt (Schindler et a., 2010a und 2010b). Die klassischen Verfahren, Sandbox, Sand-Kaolinbox und Drucktopf für die Messung der pF Kurve und die Multi-Step-Outflow-Methode für die Messung der K-Funktion können durch das HYPROP Gerät ersetzt werden