Sectorización de la calidad del agua del Arroyo del Azul, provincia de Buenos Aires, mediante la aplicación de técnicas estadísticas multivariadas

In the basin of the Azul Creek (centre of Buenos Aires Province) different uses are made (agricultural, recreational, the reception of urban effluents). Although there is a physicochemical characterization of its surface, it is necessary to do further studies in order to know the variables that determine the water quality of the resource to be managed more efficiently. This following aims at sectoring the basin according to its water quality and to identify significant parameters to describe the variations. Therefore, multivariate techniques were applied: Cluster (CA) and principal components (PCA) on standardized data. These techniques come from twelve seasonal campaigns where 27 variables were measured at 14 stations located in different sectors of the basin (n = 168). The results from CA show the formation of two groups: one consisting of samples of the upper and middle basin, and the other of some samples of the middle and lower basin. Due to the PCA, 3 factors were obtained that explain 53 % of the total variance, reducing the list of parameters to 13, weighing more than 0.70. To conclude, the results obtained by both techniques are consistent since areas with different water quality were identified and those affected by urban effluents were discriminated allowing the identification of parameters which explain this variability. The physicochemical sectoring of surface water which was obtained is not strictly coincident with that determined by the geomorphology and groundwater hydrochemistry.In the basin of the Azul Creek (centre of Buenos Aires Province) different uses are made (agricultural, recreational, the reception of urban effluents). Although there is a physicochemical characterization of its surface, it is necessary to do further studies in order to know the variables that determine the water quality of the resource to be managed more efficiently. This following aims at sectoring the basin according to its water quality and to identify significant parameters to describe the variations. Therefore, multivariate techniques were applied: Cluster (CA) and principal components (PCA) on standardized data. These techniques come from twelve seasonal campaigns where 27 variables were measured at 14 stations located in different sectors of the basin (n = 168). The results from CA show the formation of two groups: one consisting of samples of the upper and middle basin, and the other of some samples of the middle and lower basin. Due to the PCA, 3 factors were obtained that explain 53 % of the total variance, reducing the list of parameters to 13, weighing more than 0.70. To conclude, the results obtained by both techniques are consistent since areas with different water quality were identified and those affected by urban effluents were discriminated allowing the identification of parameters which explain this variability. The physicochemical sectoring of surface water which was obtained is not strictly coincident with that determined by the geomorphology and groundwater hydrochemistry

Sectorización de la calidad del agua del Arroyo del Azul, provincia de Buenos Aires, mediante la aplicación de técnicas estadísticas multivariadas

In the basin of the Azul Creek (centre of Buenos Aires Province) different uses are made (agricultural, recreational, the reception of urban effluents). Although there is a physicochemical characterization of its surface, it is necessary to do further studies in order to know the variables that determine the water quality of the resource to be managed more efficiently. This following aims at sectoring the basin according to its water quality and to identify significant parameters to describe the variations. Therefore, multivariate techniques were applied: Cluster (CA) and principal components (PCA) on standardized data. These techniques come from twelve seasonal campaigns where 27 variables were measured at 14 stations located in different sectors of the basin (n = 168). The results from CA show the formation of two groups: one consisting of samples of the upper and middle basin, and the other of some samples of the middle and lower basin. Due to the PCA, 3 factors were obtained that explain 53 % of the total variance, reducing the list of parameters to 13, weighing more than 0.70. To conclude, the results obtained by both techniques are consistent since areas with different water quality were identified and those affected by urban effluents were discriminated allowing the identification of parameters which explain this variability. The physicochemical sectoring of surface water which was obtained is not strictly coincident with that determined by the geomorphology and groundwater hydrochemistry.Instituto de Limnología "Raúl A. Ringuelet

Sectorización de la calidad del agua del Arroyo del Azul, provincia de Buenos Aires, mediante la aplicación de técnicas estadísticas multivariadas

In the basin of the Azul Creek (centre of Buenos Aires Province) different uses are made (agricultural, recreational, the reception of urban effluents). Although there is a physicochemical characterization of its surface, it is necessary to do further studies in order to know the variables that determine the water quality of the resource to be managed more efficiently. This following aims at sectoring the basin according to its water quality and to identify significant parameters to describe the variations. Therefore, multivariate techniques were applied: Cluster (CA) and principal components (PCA) on standardized data. These techniques come from twelve seasonal campaigns where 27 variables were measured at 14 stations located in different sectors of the basin (n = 168). The results from CA show the formation of two groups: one consisting of samples of the upper and middle basin, and the other of some samples of the middle and lower basin. Due to the PCA, 3 factors were obtained that explain 53 % of the total variance, reducing the list of parameters to 13, weighing more than 0.70. To conclude, the results obtained by both techniques are consistent since areas with different water quality were identified and those affected by urban effluents were discriminated allowing the identification of parameters which explain this variability. The physicochemical sectoring of surface water which was obtained is not strictly coincident with that determined by the geomorphology and groundwater hydrochemistry.Instituto de Limnología "Raúl A. Ringuelet

Usos y percepción de problemas en el balneario municipal de la ciudad de Azul, provincia de Buenos Aires

The Azul River, which crosses the Azul City (60.000 inhabitants), forms an artificial pond of about 7ha. used as a recreational and landscaping resource that is often being evaluated by the community and local authorities from its environmental and sanitary viewpoints. In order to contribute for generating management guidelines, a perception study over a sample of the population (N=1388) was carried out aimed at assessing the intensity of use as well as the existence and level of importance of environmental problems. The relationship between uses and problems was evaluated by means of the contingency coefficient. 58% of the interviewed people declared not to use the recreational resort. The remainder mentioned uses without direct contact with the water (long walks 41%), or other entertaining activities (34%), whereas bathing (26%) and fishing (20%) represent those which imply contact with the water, all of them during summertime. The use during winter is quite limited (14%). The environmental problems perceived as most important are the water quality degradation from garbage along the banks and in the water body, the water turbidity, and mud on the river bed. On the other hand, the sanitary quality of the water was selected as a problem of certain degree of risk for those activities that implied a direct contact with the water. It may be concluded that there exists a negative perception on the water quality, related to aesthetic and organoleptic criteria. Such facts allow putting forward actions of broader impact aimed at improving the quality of the site and attracting new users.Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Muse

Usos y percepción de problemas en el balneario municipal de la ciudad de Azul, provincia de Buenos Aires

The Azul River, which crosses the Azul City (60.000 inhabitants), forms an artificial pond of about 7ha. used as a recreational and landscaping resource that is often being evaluated by the community and local authorities from its environmental and sanitary viewpoints. In order to contribute for generating management guidelines, a perception study over a sample of the population (N=1388) was carried out aimed at assessing the intensity of use as well as the existence and level of importance of environmental problems. The relationship between uses and problems was evaluated by means of the contingency coefficient. 58% of the interviewed people declared not to use the recreational resort. The remainder mentioned uses without direct contact with the water (long walks 41%), or other entertaining activities (34%), whereas bathing (26%) and fishing (20%) represent those which imply contact with the water, all of them during summertime. The use during winter is quite limited (14%). The environmental problems perceived as most important are the water quality degradation from garbage along the banks and in the water body, the water turbidity, and mud on the river bed. On the other hand, the sanitary quality of the water was selected as a problem of certain degree of risk for those activities that implied a direct contact with the water. It may be concluded that there exists a negative perception on the water quality, related to aesthetic and organoleptic criteria. Such facts allow putting forward actions of broader impact aimed at improving the quality of the site and attracting new users.The Azul River, which crosses the Azul City (60.000 inhabitants), forms an artificial pond of about 7ha. used as a recreational and landscaping resource that is often being evaluated by the community and local authorities from its environmental and sanitary viewpoints. In order to contribute for generating management guidelines, a perception study over a sample of the population (N=1388) was carried out aimed at assessing the intensity of use as well as the existence and level of importance of environmental problems. The relationship between uses and problems was evaluated by means of the contingency coefficient. 58% of the interviewed people declared not to use the recreational resort. The remainder mentioned uses without direct contact with the water (long walks 41%), or other entertaining activities (34%), whereas bathing (26%) and fishing (20%) represent those which imply contact with the water, all of them during summertime. The use during winter is quite limited (14%). The environmental problems perceived as most important are the water quality degradation from garbage along the banks and in the water body, the water turbidity, and mud on the river bed. On the other hand, the sanitary quality of the water was selected as a problem of certain degree of risk for those activities that implied a direct contact with the water. It may be concluded that there exists a negative perception on the water quality, related to aesthetic and organoleptic criteria. Such facts allow putting forward actions of broader impact aimed at improving the quality of the site and attracting new users

Usos y percepción de problemas en el balneario municipal de la ciudad de Azul, provincia de Buenos Aires

The Azul River, which crosses the Azul City (60.000 inhabitants), forms an artificial pond of about 7ha. used as a recreational and landscaping resource that is often being evaluated by the community and local authorities from its environmental and sanitary viewpoints. In order to contribute for generating management guidelines, a perception study over a sample of the population (N=1388) was carried out aimed at assessing the intensity of use as well as the existence and level of importance of environmental problems. The relationship between uses and problems was evaluated by means of the contingency coefficient. 58% of the interviewed people declared not to use the recreational resort. The remainder mentioned uses without direct contact with the water (long walks 41%), or other entertaining activities (34%), whereas bathing (26%) and fishing (20%) represent those which imply contact with the water, all of them during summertime. The use during winter is quite limited (14%). The environmental problems perceived as most important are the water quality degradation from garbage along the banks and in the water body, the water turbidity, and mud on the river bed. On the other hand, the sanitary quality of the water was selected as a problem of certain degree of risk for those activities that implied a direct contact with the water. It may be concluded that there exists a negative perception on the water quality, related to aesthetic and organoleptic criteria. Such facts allow putting forward actions of broader impact aimed at improving the quality of the site and attracting new users.Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Muse

Condiciones de trabajo relacionados con desórdenes musculoesqueléticos de la extremidad superior en residentes de odontología, Universidad El Bosque Bogotá, D.C. (Colombia)

 Objetivo: Examinar y describir las condiciones de trabajo dadas por la utilización pro- longada de equipos e instrumental odontológico en estudiantes de postgrado y en docentes de cada especialidad. Materiales y métodos: Se realizó un estudio descriptivo de corte transversal en estudiantes de posgrado y docentes de cada especialidad de la Facultad de Odontología. Se tomó el total de estudiantes matriculados en las siete especializaciones del programa de Odontología. La pobla- ción estuvo conformada por 47 estudiantes y 22 docentes. Se adaptaron y aplicaron las guías del programa del Sistema de Vigilancia Epidemiológica para Desórdenes Musculoesqueléticos de la Extremidad Superior (DME-ES), la Guía de Priorización y la Guía Epidemiológica, Guía DEPARIS, Guía PME. Los datos fueron analizados con el programa STATA v9. Resultados: En los estudiantes se observó la mayor sintomatología en cuello (62%) y hombros (47%). La especialidad de endodoncia es la que más presentó sintomatología en la extremidad superior, y la zona anatómica más destacada la mano (83.3 %). Las mujeres presentan mayor sintomatología en cuello (74.1 %), mientras que los hombres presenta mayor molestia en el resto de las zonas anatómicas de la extremidad superior, destacándose el hombro (62,5 %). Conclusión: Se adaptaron los instrumentos específicos y permitió conocer los riesgos de desórdenes musculoesquelético de la extremidad superior (DME-ES) en la actividad laboral odontológica y realizar un material educativo para la promoción de la salud y prevención en riesgos profesionales en odontólogos

Evaluación de metodologías para recuento de garrapatas en fase de vida parásita = Evaluation of methodologies for counting of ticks in the parasitic life phase

El estudio tuvo como objetivo comparar la exactitud de las pruebas o métodos de recuento de garrapatas ingurgitadas en hembras bovinas criadas bajo sistemas de producción extensiva. Se utilizaron 49 vacas adultas de los genotipos Criollo Ñeembucú, Pardo Suizo, Brangus y Nelore durante el estío en marzo de 2019.CONACYT – Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y TecnologíaPROCIENCI

Intermediate-onset colorectal cancer: A clinical and familial boundary between both early and late-onset colorectal cancer

Comparative studies of colorectal cancer (CRC) according to the age of onset have found differences between early-onset CRC (EOCRC) and late-onset CRC (LOCRC). Using this as a starting point, we wished to determine whether intermediate-onset CRC (IOCRC) might also be considered as an independent group within CRC. We performed a retrospective comparative study of the clinicopathological and familial features, as well as of the symptoms and their duration, of a total of 272 subjects diagnosed with CRC classified into three groups according to the age-of-onset (98 EOCRC, 83 IOCRC and 91 LOCRC). The results show that from a clinicopathological point of view, IOCRC shared certain features with EOCRC (gender, prognosis), and with LOCRC (multiple primary CRCs), whereas it also had characteristics that were specific for IOCRC (mean number of associated polyps). A gradual progression was observed from EOCRC to LOCRC from a greater family aggregation to sporadic cases, in parallel with a change of Lynch Syndrome cases to the sporadic microsatellite instability pathway, with the IOCRC being a boundary group that is more related to EOCRC. With respect to symptoms, duration and correlation with stages, IOCRC appeared more similar to EOCRC. Clinically, IOCRC behaves as a transitional group between EOCRC and LOCRC, with features in common with both groups, but also with IOCRC-specific features. Excluding cases with familial cancer history, the awareness for EOCRC diagnosis should be extended to IOCRC.Wethank the Tumor Registry of the Pathology Department of the 12 de Octubre University Hospita lfor providing the paraffinembedded tissues,and Ron Hartong for his help with the English revision of this manuscript.S