Object-Based Greenhouse Mapping Using Very High Resolution Satellite Data and Landsat 8 Time Series

Greenhouse mapping through remote sensing has received extensive attention over the last decades. In this article, the innovative goal relies on mapping greenhouses through the combined use of very high resolution satellite data (WorldView-2) and Landsat 8 Operational Land Imager (OLI) time series within a context of an object-based image analysis (OBIA) and decision tree classification. Thus, WorldView-2 was mainly used to segment the study area focusing on individual greenhouses. Basic spectral information, spectral and vegetation indices, textural features, seasonal statistics and a spectral metric (Moment Distance Index, MDI) derived from Landsat 8 time series and/or WorldView-2 imagery were computed on previously segmented image objects. In order to test its temporal stability, the same approach was applied for two different years, 2014 and 2015. In both years, MDI was pointed out as the most important feature to detect greenhouses. Moreover, the threshold value of this spectral metric turned to be extremely stable for both Landsat 8 and WorldView-2 imagery. A simple decision tree always using the same threshold values for features from Landsat 8 time series and WorldView-2 was finally proposed. Overall accuracies of 93.0% and 93.3% and kappa coefficients of 0.856 and 0.861 were attained for 2014 and 2015 datasets, respectively

A Quantitative Assessment of Forest Cover Change in the Moulouya River Watershed (Morocco) by the Integration of a Subpixel-Based and Object-Based Analysis of Landsat Data

A quantitative assessment of forest cover change in the Moulouya River watershed (Morocco) was carried out by means of an innovative approach from atmospherically corrected reflectance Landsat images corresponding to 1984 (Landsat 5 Thematic Mapper) and 2013 (Landsat 8 Operational Land Imager). An object-based image analysis (OBIA) was undertaken to classify segmented objects as forested or non-forested within the 2013 Landsat orthomosaic. A Random Forest classifier was applied to a set of training data based on a features vector composed of different types of object features such as vegetation indices, mean spectral values and pixel-based fractional cover derived from probabilistic spectral mixture analysis). The very high spatial resolution image data of Google Earth 2013 were employed to train/validate the Random Forest classifier, ranking the NDVI vegetation index and the corresponding pixel-based percentages of photosynthetic vegetation and bare soil as the most statistically significant object features to extract forested and non-forested areas. Regarding classification accuracy, an overall accuracy of 92.34% was achieved. The previously developed classification scheme was applied to the 1984 Landsat data to extract the forest cover change between 1984 and 2013, showing a slight net increase of 5.3% (ca. 8800 ha) in forested areas for the whole region

Quantitative numerical and lexical knowledge : evidence of double dissociation.

El objetivo de este trabajo es determinar las implicaciones de una lesión cerebral concreta en el sistema de procesamiento numérico y el cálculo. El método empleado es el estudio de caso único, mediante la aplicación de pruebas de evaluación neuropsicológica. Los datos evidencian una doble disociación entre conocimiento numérico cuantitativo y cualitativo o léxico. Por un lado, la paciente M.C. preserva el conocimiento numérico cuantitativo tal como muestran los resultados en tareas de comprensión numérica y cálculo, sin embargo, presenta graves alteraciones en conocimiento numérico cualitativo. Por otra parte, M.L. conserva el conocimiento numérico cualitativo o léxico pero tiene gravemente alteradas las habilidades que requieren de la manipulación interna de cantidades, es decir, del conocimiento numérico cuantitativo. Estos resultados tienen dos implicaciones importantes: Primero, el conocimiento numérico cuantitativo podría estar compuesto por elementos susceptibles de dañarse de manera independiente. Y segundo, el conocimiento numérico cuantitativo es funcionalmente independiente del cualitativo.The aim of this work was to explain the involvement of a specific brain injury in the numerical processing and calculation system. The method employed was «single case» analysis and the administration of various cognitive neuropsychology tests. The results of this study revealed a double dissociation between quantitative numerical knowledge and qualitative or lexical numerical knowledge. Patient M.C. preserved quantitative numerical knowledge, as indicated by the results obtained in the numerical comprehension and calculation tasks. However, she showed a drastic deficit in qualitative numerical knowledge. On the other hand, patient M.L. preserved qualitative numerical knowledge, but she had serious problems in all the abilities that require internal manipulation of magnitude; that is, quantitative numerical knowledge. These results have two important implications, as conclusions: firstly, quantitative numerical knowledge may be made up of different elements susceptible to damage independently. And secondly, quantitative and qualitative numerical knowledge were functionally independen

Initial orientation vs maintenance of attention: Relationship with the severity of dependence and therapeutic outcome in a sample of cocaine use disorder patients

The visual probe paradigm allows for evaluating attentional bias (AB), distinguishing between approach vs avoidance patterns of attention and assessing two different processes when the exposure time to images is manipulated: initial orienting and maintenance of attention. The present study aimed to analyze the predictive capacity of these two processes for substance use disorder severity and therapeutic outcomes of patients with cocaine use disorder in treatment. The sample consisted of 70 outpatients who were starting treatment at a public service. AB was evaluated using a task based on the visual probe (VP) paradigm with images presented under two conditions: 200 ms vs 1000 ms. Cocaine and alcohol use disorder severity, craving, retention in treatment and relapse in consumption were recorded. Cocaine AB in the 1000 ms condition was negatively correlated with the cocaine use disorder severity (r = −0.26), whilst a positive correlation was found between cocaine craving and cocaine AB (r = 0.29). Alcohol use disorder severity negatively correlated with cocaine AB in the 200 ms condition (r = −0.24). Logistic regression analysis revealed that, after controlling for gender, age, and substance use disorder severity, cocaine AB in the 200 ms condition predicted dropout and relapse. Our results suggest that patients who adhere to treatment and remain abstinent tend to show avoidance in the 200 ms condition, with effect sizes of r = 0.29 and 0.30 respectively. The results suggest that training in avoidance strategies could be a valuable way of maintaining adherence and abstinence, as well as improving control of craving.Funding for open access charge: Universidad de Huelva / CBU

Impulsivity Predicts Relapse—but Not Dropout—in Outpatients with SUD: a Longitudinal Study

The objective of this study was to compare performance on a comprehensive impulsivity battery of SUD outpatients who dropout versus those who do not dropout and of abstainers versus relapsers at 3 and 12 months of treatment follow-up. Impulsivity was measured at the start of treatment and adherence and relapse at 3 and 12 months. The participants are 115 outpatients with SUD. Motor impulsivity (Affective Go/No Go), attentional impulsivity (Stroop), delay discounting (Monetary Choice Questionnaire; MCQ), and decision making (Iowa Gambling Task; IGT) were assessed. Impulsivity was not associated with dropout. There were no relationships between treatment outcomes and the MCQ and IGT. Stroop and affective Go-No Go were associated with relapse at 3 and 12 months. Affective motor disinhibition and cognitive disinhibition predict relapse in outpatients. No cognitive aspect of impulsiveness is related to dropout.Fil: Lozano Rojas, Oscar Martín. Universidad de Huelva; EspañaFil: Gómez Bujedo, Jesús. Universidad de Huelva; EspañaFil: Pérez Moreno, Pedro J.. Universidad de Huelva; EspañaFil: Lorca Marín, José Andrés. Universidad de Huelva; EspañaFil: Vera, Belén del Valle. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Instituto de Investigaciones Psicológicas. - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Instituto de Investigaciones Psicológicas; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Psicología; ArgentinaFil: Moraleda Barreno, Enrique. Universidad de Huelva; Españ

3GPP QoS-based scheduling framework for LTE

This paper proposes the design of a scheduling framework for the downlink of the Long Term Evolution (LTE) system with the objective of meeting the Quality of Service (QoS) requirements as defined by the QoS architecture of the 3G Partnership Project (3GPP) specifications. We carry out a thorough review of 3GPP specifications analyzing the requirements of the 3GPP QoS architecture. LTE bearers may be associated with a Guaranteed Bit Rate (i.e., GBR bearers) or not (i.e., non-GBR bearers). Additionally, the specifications establish a Packet Delay Budget (PDB) to limit the maximum packet transfer delay. To achieve our goal, we design a channel-aware service discipline for GBR bearers which is able to fulfill not only the GBR but also the PDB. Additionally, we also design an algorithm for prioritizing GBR and non-GBR bearers from different QoS Class Identifiers (QCIs) following 3GPP QoS rules. We compare the proposed framework with two reference schedulers by means of network-level simulations. The results will show the ability of the proposed framework to address the QoS requirements from 3GPP specifications while providing an interesting performance from a spectral efficiency viewpoint.This work is partially supported by the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness and the European Regional Development Fund (project TIN2013-46223-P)

Optimizing multiresolution segmentation for extracting plastic greenhouses from WorldView-3 imagery

Multiresolution segmentation (MRS) has been pointed out as one of the most successful image segmentation algorithms within the object-based image analysis (OBIA) framework. The performance of this algorithm depends on the selection of three tuning parameters (scale, shape and compactness) and the bands combination and weighting considered. In this work, we tested MRS on a WorldView-3 bundle imagery in order to extract plastic green-house polygons. A recently published command line tool created to assess the quality of segmented digital images (AssesSeg), which implements a modified version of the supervised discrepancy measure named Euclidean Distance 2 (ED2), was used to select both the best aforementioned MRS pa-rameters and the optimum image data source derived from WorldView-3 (i.e., panchromatic, multispectral and atmospherically corrected multispectral orthoimages). The best segmentation results were always attained from the atmospherically corrected multispectral WorldView-3 orthoimage

Shift work and colorectal cancer risk in the MCC-Spain case-control study

Objectives Shift work that involves circadian disruption has been associated with a higher cancer risk. Most epidemiological studies to date have focused on breast cancer risk and evidence for other common tumors is limited. We evaluated the risk for colorectal cancer (CRC) in relation to shift work history in a population-based case-control study in Spain. Methods This analysis included 1626 incident CRC cases and 3378 randomly selected population controls of both sexes, enrolled in 11 regions of Spain. Sociodemographic and lifestyle information was assessed in face-to-face interviews. Shift work was assessed in detail throughout lifetime occupational history. We estimated the risk of colon and rectal cancer associated with rotating and permanent shift work (ever, cumulative duration, age of first exposure) using unconditional logistic regression analysis adjusting for potential confounders. Results Having ever performed rotating shift work (morning, evening and/or night) was associated with an increased risk for CRC [odds ratio (OR) 1.22, 95% confidence interval (95% CI) 1.04-1.43], as compared to day workers. Having ever worked permanent night shifts (?3 nights/month) was not associated with CRC risk (OR 0.79, 95% CI 0.62-1.00). OR increased with increasing lifetime cumulative duration of rotating shift work (P-value for trend 0.005) and were highest among subjects in the top quartiles of exposure (3 rdquartile, 20-34 years, OR 1.38, 95%CI 1.06-1.81; 4 thquartile, ?35 years, OR 1.36, 95% CI 1.02-1.79). Conclusions These data suggest that rotating shift work may increase the risk of CRC especially after long-term exposures

Personality Traits and Impulsivity Tasks Among Substance Use Disorder Patients: Their Relations and Links With Retention in Treatment

Background: Various authors have described the elements of impulsive approach and inhibitory control in drug users. These two components have been studied in terms of personality traits, performance on tasks that measure impulsive behavior, and neurophysiology. However, few studies have analyzed the association between these constructs. Thus, the aim of the present study is to analyze the associations between personality traits and performance on impulsivity tasks. Methods: A follow-up study was conducted with a baseline assessment at the beginning and end of treatment. The sample was composed of 121 patients undergoing treatment in therapeutic communities. Personality domains were evaluated through the PID-5. The impulsivity tasks employed were the Iowa Gambling Task (IGT), Delay Discounting Test (DDT), Go/No-Go and Stroop test. Results: A correlation was found between DDT scores and the domains of detachment (r = -.315; p<.01), antagonism (r = -.294; p<.01), and disinhibition (r = .215; p<.05). Performance on the Stroop task was significantly associated with psychoticism (r = .232; p<.05) and negative affect (r = .212; p<.05). Multivariate analysis revealed that IGT scores and negative affect predict retention in treatment. Conclusions: These findings partially support the hypothesized association between sensation-seeking personality traits and detachment with impulsive choice tasks; and the relationships between negative affect and psychoticism traits with performance on inhibitory control tasks. Further, impulsive choice task scores and negative affect are both shown to predict retention in treatment

OpenSesame: An example of stimulus presentation in Virtual Reality headsets (Oculus Rift DK1)

<p>Download the full example here: http://dx.doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.1394985</p> <p> </p> <p>A Virtual Reality headset can help to improve focus in the stimulus by participants with normal vision, plus additional possibilities with 3D and depth perception. We hope that the initial setup for working with OpenSesame (2.9.5) and VR technology would be faster and easier with this brief guide.<br>We will work with the first Oculus Rift Development Kit. It has a screen with 1280x800 px. Newer versions has a higher quality screen, so the resolution changes and you must change this value in consequence, but the logic and the basis stay the same.</p