Cáncer de mama y ejercicio físico: Estudio piloto

El cáncer de mama (CM) es el más común entre las mujeres occidentales, con un alto porcentaje de supervivencia, la cual no está exenta de numerosos efectos secundarios tanto por los tratamientos como por la enfermedad, afectando a la calidad de vida de estas mujeres. El objetivo de este proyecto es conocer el efecto de un programa de ejercicio físico conducido en la calidad de vida de mujeres afectadas por cáncer de mama. Método. El programa de ejercicio físico consistió en 24 sesiones (doce semanas) y se desarrolló íntegramente en la Facultad de Ciencias de la Actividad Física y del Deporte-INEF (UPM), donde se estudió a 31 mujeres afectadas. Resultados. Se muestra una mejora en la calidad de vida (p= 0,034), así como en diferentes aspectos de autoestima y depresión (p = 0,029 y p = 0,003 para el primero y p = 0,018 y p = 0,015 para el segundo). También se observó una mejora en el índice de fuerza general (p = 0,009) y en la capacidad funcional (p = 0,005). Conclusiones. Estos resultados permiten asociar un programa de ejercicio físico regular con posibles mejoras en la calidad de vida de las mujeres afectadas por cáncer de mama

Creación del instituto de educación superior tecnológico público del Valle De Barranca, distrito Barranca-provincia Barranca-región Lima

Con la voluntad de contribuir a la sociedad en el servicio Educativo del distrito de Barranca - región - lima. Es esta voluntad que nos llevó a elaborar este proyecto de investigación. “Creación del Instituto de Educación Superior Tecnológico Público del Valle de Barranca Distrito Barranca - Provincia Barranca - Región Lima” que sea de utilidad y referencia a otros bachilleres o instituciones que desean involucrarse en la labor de mejorar el servicio educativo en el valle de barranca ya que se nota la inexistencia de un equipamiento. Esta investigación busca en forma sistemática e integral el análisis urbano de este sector de la región, a través de opiniones de moradores y encuestas de la población el cual dará sentido a plantear una nueva propuesta educativa. La presente investigación está compuesta de 5 partes. En la primera parte, se hace mención al proceso de investigación indicando antecedentes objetivos alcances metodología de investigación y formulación de hipótesis. La segunda parte, consta el marco referencial el cual desarrolla la situación actual del valle de barranca indicando las condiciones geográficas, aspecto social cultural e infraestructura urbana actual. Tercera parte, identificación del déficit de equipamiento educativo. Cuarta parte, propuesta y desarrollo del equipamiento educativo. Quinta parte, encontramos las conclusiones y recomendaciones finales y bibliografía consultadas. Con la premisa y convicción de que esta investigación, será un aporte importante en el desarrollo urbano que ayude a dinamizar la economía y elevar los niveles educativos en el valle de barranca

Route Towards a Label-free Optical Waveguide Sensing Platform Based on Lossy Mode Resonances

According to recent market studies of the North American company Allied Market Research, the field of photonic sensors is an emerging strategic field for the following years and it is expected to garner $18 billion by 2021. The integration of micro and nanofabrication technologies in the field of sensors has allowed the development of new technological concepts such as lab-on-a-chip, which have achieved extraordinary advances in terms of detection and applicability, for example in the field of biosensors. This continuous development has allowed that equipment consisting of many complex devices that occupied a whole room a few years ago, at present it is possible to handle them in the palm of the hand; that formerly long duration processes are carried out in a matter of milliseconds and that a technology previously dedicated solely to military or scientific uses is available to the vast majority of consumers. The adequate combination of micro and nanostructured coatings with optical fiber sensors has permitted us to develop novel sensing technologies, such as the first experimental demonstration of lossy mode resonances (LMRs) for sensing applications, with more than one hundred citations and related publications in high rank journals and top conferences. In fact, fiber optic LMR-based devices have been proven as devices with one of the highest sensitivity for refractometric applications. Refractive index sensitivity is an indirect and simple indicator of how sensitive the device is to chemical and biological species, topic where this proposal is focused. Consequently, the utilization of these devices for chemical and biosensing applications is a clear opportunity that could open novel and interesting research lines and applications as well as simplify current analytical methodologies. As a result, on the basis of our previous experience with LMR based sensors to attain very high sensitivities, the objective of this paper is presenting the route for the development of label-free optical waveguide sensing platform based on LMRs that enable to explore the limits of this technology for bio-chemosensing applications

Embryonic Amygdalar Transplants in Adult Rats with Motor Cortex Lesions: A Molecular and Electrophysiological Analysis

Transplants of embryonic nervous tissue ameliorate motor deficits induced by motor cortex lesions in adult animals. Restoration of lost brain functions has been recently shown in grafts of homotopic cortical origin, to be associated with a functional integration of the transplant after development of reciprocal host–graft connections. Nevertheless little is known about physiological properties or gene expression profiles of cortical implants with functional restorative capacity but no cortical origin. In this study, we show molecular and electrophysiological evidence supporting the functional development and integration of heterotopic transplants of embryonic amygdalar tissue placed into pre-lesioned motor cortex of adult rats. Grafts were analyzed 3 months post-transplantation. Using reverse transcriptase quantitative polymerase chain reaction, we found that key glutamatergic, GABAergic, and muscarinic receptors transcripts were expressed at different quantitative levels both in grafted and host tissues, but were all continuously present in the graft. Parallel sharp electrode recordings of grafted neurons in brain slices showed a regular firing pattern of transplanted neurons similar to host amygdalar pyramidal neurons. Synaptic connections from the adjacent host cortex on grafted neurons were electrophysiologically investigated and confirmed our molecular results. Taken together, our findings indicate that grafted neurons from a non-cortical, non-motor-related, but ontogenetical similar source, not only received functionally effective contacts from the adjacent motor cortex, but also developed electrophysiological and gene expression patterns comparable to host pyramidal neurons; suggesting an interesting tool for the field of neural repair and donor tissue in adults

Modelling the basin of attraction as a two-dimensional manifold from experimental data: applications to balance in humans

We present a method of modeling the basin of attraction as a three-dimensional function describing a two-dimensional manifold on which the dynamics of the system evolves from experimental time series data. Our method is based on the density of the data set and uses numerical optimization and data modeling tools. We also show how to obtain analytic curves that describe both the contours and the boundary of the basin. Our method is applied to the problem of regaining balance after perturbation from quiet vertical stance using data of an elite athlete. Our method goes beyond the statistical description of the experimental data, providing a function that describes the shape of the basin of attraction. To test its robustness, our method has also been applied to two different data sets of a second subject and no significant differences were found between the contours of the calculated basin of attraction for the different data sets. The proposed method has many uses in a wide variety of areas, not just human balance for which there are many applications in medicine, rehabilitation, and spor

Cost-Effectiveness of Therapeutic Drug Monitoring of Anti-TNF Therapy in Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Systematic Review

Infliximab and adalimumab are monoclonal antibodies against tumor necrosis factor (anti-TNF) used to manage inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Therapeutic Drug Monitoring (TDM) has been proven to prevent immunogenicity, to achieve better long-term clinical results and to save costs in IBD treatment. The aim of this study was to conduct a systematic review on cost-effectiveness analyses of studies that apply TDM of anti-TNF in IBD and to provide a critical analysis of the best scientific knowledge available in the literature. The quality of the included studies was assessed using Consolidated Health Economic Evaluation Reporting Standards (CHEERS). Cost-effectiveness of the TDM strategies was presented as total costs, cost savings, quality-adjusted life-years (QALY) and incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER). Thirteen studies that examined the health economics of TDM of anti-TNF in IBD from 2013 to 2021 were included. Eight of them (61.5%) achieved a score between 17 and 23 on the CHEERS checklist. The comparison between the TDM strategy and an empirical strategy was cost saving. The ICER between reactive TDM and an empirical strategy was dominated (favorable) by reactive TDM, whereas the ICER value for proactive TDM compared to an empirical strategy ranged from EUR 56,845 to 3,901,554. This systematic review demonstrated that a TDM strategy is cost-effective or cost-saving in IBD.S.M.-M. received a predoctoral fellowship from Miguel Hernandez University (“Ayudas a la contratación de personal investigador en formación 2021”).S