Lopsidedness of cluster galaxies in modified gravity

We point out an interesting theoretical prediction for elliptical galaxies residing inside galaxy clusters in the framework of modified Newtonian dynamics (MOND), that could be used to test this paradigm. Apart from the central brightest cluster galaxy, other galaxies close enough to the centre experience a strong gravitational influence from the other galaxies of the cluster. This influence manifests itself only as tides in standard Newtonian gravity, meaning that the systematic acceleration of the centre of mass of the galaxy has no consequence. However, in the context of MOND, a consequence of the breaking of the strong equivalence principle is that the systematic acceleration changes the own self-gravity of the galaxy. We show here that, in this framework, initially axisymmetric elliptical galaxies become lopsided along the external field's direction, and that the centroid of the galaxy, defined by the outer density contours, is shifted by a few hundreds parsecs with respect to the densest point.Comment: accepted for publication in JCA

Low-Temperature Soldering of Surface Mount Devices on Screen-Printed Silver Tracks on Fabrics for Flexible Textile Hybrid Electronics

[EN] The combination of flexible-printed substrates and conventional electronics leads to flexible hybrid electronics. When fabrics are used as flexible substrates, two kinds of problems arise. The first type is related to the printing of the tracks of the corresponding circuit. The second one concerns the incorporation of conventional electronic devices, such as integrated circuits, on the textile substrate. Regarding the printing of tracks, this work studies the optimal design parameters of screen-printed silver tracks on textiles focused on printing an electronic circuit on a textile substrate. Several patterns of different widths and gaps between tracks were tested in order to find the best design parameters for some footprint configurations. With respect to the incorporation of devices on textile substrates, the paper analyzes the soldering of surface mount devices on fabric substrates. Due to the substrate's nature, low soldering temperatures must be used to avoid deformations or damage to the substrate caused by the higher temperatures used in conventional soldering. Several solder pastes used for low-temperature soldering are analyzed in terms of joint resistance and shear force application. The results obtained are satisfactory, demonstrating the viability of using flexible hybrid electronics with fabrics. As a practical result, a simple single-layer circuit was implemented to check the results of the research.This work was supported by the Spanish Government FEDER funds (RTI2018-100910B-C43) (MINECO/FEDER). The work presented is also funded by the Conselleria d'Economia Sostenible, Sectors Productius i Treball, through IVACE (Instituto Valenciano de Competitividad Empresarial) and cofunded by ERDF funding from the EU Stretch Project, application No.: IMAMCA/2022/6.Silvestre, R.; Llinares Llopis, R.; Contat-Rodrigo, L.; Serrano Martínez, V.; Ferri, J.; Garcia-Breijo, E. (2022). Low-Temperature Soldering of Surface Mount Devices on Screen-Printed Silver Tracks on Fabrics for Flexible Textile Hybrid Electronics. Sensors. 22(15):1-23. https://doi.org/10.3390/s22155766123221

An investigation into CLIL-related sections of EFL coursebooks : issues of CLIL inclusion in the publishing market

The current ELT global coursebook market has embraced CLIL as a weak form of bilingual education and an innovative component to include in General English coursebooks for EFL contexts. In this paper I investigate how CLIL is included in ELT coursebooks aimed at teenaged learners, available to teachers in Argentina. My study is based on the content analysis of four series which include a section advertised as CLIL-oriented. Results suggest that such sections are characterised by (1) little correlation between featured subject specific content and school curricula in L1, (2) oversimplification of contents, and (3) dominance of reading skills development and lower-order thinking tasks. Through this study, I argue that CLIL components become superficial supplements rather than a meaningful attempt to promote weak forms of bilingual education

Leprosy Associated with Atypical Cutaneous Leishmaniasis in Nicaragua and Honduras

In Central America, few cases of leprosy have been reported, but the disease may be unrecognized. Diagnosis is based on clinical criteria and histology. Preliminary field work in Nicaragua and Honduras found patients, including many children, with skin lesions clinically suggestive of atypical cutaneous leishmaniasis or indeterminate leprosy. Histology could not distinguish these diseases although acid-fast organisms were visible in a few biopsies. Lesions healed after standard antimicrobial therapy for leprosy. In the present study, patients, family members, and other community members were skin-tested and provided nasal swabs and blood samples. Biopsies were taken from a subgroup of patients with clinical signs of infection. Two laboratories analyzed samples, using local in-house techniques. Mycobacterium leprae, Leishmania spp. and Leishmania infantum were detected using polymerase chain reactions. Mycobacterium leprae DNA was detected in blood samples and nasal swabs, including some cases where leprosy was not clinically suspected. Leishmania spp. were also detected in blood and nasal swabs. Most biopsies contained Leishmania DNA and coinfection of Leishmania spp. with M. leprae occurred in 33% of cases. Mycobacterium leprae DNA was also detected and sequenced from Nicaraguan and Honduran environmental samples. In conclusion, leprosy and leishmaniasis are present in both regions, and leprosy appears to be widespread. The nature of any relationship between these two pathogens and the epidemiology of these infections need to be elucidated

Clinical relevance of monitoring serum levels of adalimumab in patients with rheumatoid arthritis in daily practice

[Objectives]: We aimed to assess the usefulness of measuring serum levels of adalimumab (ADL) and anti-ADL antibodies in 57 patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) treated with ADL for at least 3 months in daily practice. [Methods]: All patients received concomitant disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drug (DMARD). Receiver-operator characteristics (ROC) analysis was used to obtain the cut-off value of ADL for low disease activity (DAS28-ESR ≤3.2). [Results]: Anti-ADL antibodies were detected in 4 (7%) patients with a mean (SD) DAS28 score of 4.6 (0.9). Patients with positive anti-ADL antibodies had significantly lower levels of ADL and higher DAS28 scores than those with negative antibodies. Patients with DAS28 ≤3.2 as compared with patients with DAS28 >3.2 showed significantly better SDAI score, higher serum concentrations of ADL and none of them showed anti-ADL antibodies. The cut-off of serum level of ADL for DAS28 11.3 mg/L. Patients in the medium group were closed to clinical remission (median DAS28 2.7) and patients in the high group were on clinical remission (DAS28 2.1). [Conclusion]: Serum levels of ADL should be maintained >4.3 mg/L. In patients with ADL levels >11.3 mg/L, a decrease of the dose of ADL or an increase in the interval between doses may be planned. The presence of anti-ADL antibodies was associated with a loss of clinical efficacy of ADL.Peer Reviewe

Galactic orbital motions in the Dark Matter, MOdified Newtonian Dynamics and MOdified Gravity scenarios

We simultaneously integrate in a numerical way the equations of motion of both the Magellanic Clouds (MCs) in MOND, MOG and CDM for -1 <= t <= +1 Gyr to see if, at least in principle, it is possible to discriminate between them (Abridged version).Comment: LaTex2e, 11 pages, 2 tables, 8 figures. Issues concerning the masses of MCs clarified. Integration time changed to -1 Gyr <= t <= +1 Gyr. To appear in Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society (MNRAS

Band gap creation using quasiordered structures based on sonic crystals

It is well known that sonic crystals are periodic structures that present acoustic band gaps attenuation centered at frequencies related with the lattice constant of the structure. We present an approach based on genetic algorithms to create band gaps in a predetermined range of frequencies. The mechanism used by genetic algorithms to achieve this objective is the creation of vacancies in a starting sonic crystal, built with air-embedded rigid scatterers. As a result of the optimization process, we obtain quasiordered structures on which acoustic properties are based in the multiple scattering theory. (c) 2006 American Institute of Physics.Romero García, V.; Fuster García, E.; García-Raffi, LM.; Sánchez Pérez, EA.; Sopena Novales, M.; Llinares Galiana, J.; Sánchez Pérez, JV. (2006). Band gap creation using quasiordered structures based on sonic crystals. Applied Physics Letters. 88(17):1741041-1741043. doi:10.1063/1.2198012S174104117410438817Cervera, F., Sanchis, L., Sánchez-Pérez, J. V., Martínez-Sala, R., Rubio, C., Meseguer, F., … Sánchez-Dehesa, J. (2001). Refractive Acoustic Devices for Airborne Sound. Physical Review Letters, 88(2). doi:10.1103/physrevlett.88.023902Sanchis, L., Håkansson, A., Cervera, F., & Sánchez-Dehesa, J. (2003). Acoustic interferometers based on two-dimensional arrays of rigid cylinders in air. Physical Review B, 67(3). doi:10.1103/physrevb.67.035422Hughes, G., & Andújar, J. L. G. (1997). Simple rules with complex outcomes. Nature, 387(6630), 241-242. doi:10.1038/387241a0Sánchez-Pérez, J. V., Caballero, D., Mártinez-Sala, R., Rubio, C., Sánchez-Dehesa, J., Meseguer, F., … Gálvez, F. (1998). Sound Attenuation by a Two-Dimensional Array of Rigid Cylinders. Physical Review Letters, 80(24), 5325-5328. doi:10.1103/physrevlett.80.5325Montero de Espinosa, F. R., Jiménez, E., & Torres, M. (1998). Ultrasonic Band Gap in a Periodic Two-Dimensional Composite. Physical Review Letters, 80(6), 1208-1211. doi:10.1103/physrevlett.80.1208Caballero, D., Sánchez-Dehesa, J., Martínez-Sala, R., Rubio, C., Sánchez-Pérez, J. V., Sanchis, L., & Meseguer, F. (2001). Suzuki phase in two-dimensional sonic crystals. Physical Review B, 64(6). doi:10.1103/physrevb.64.064303Liu, Z. (2000). Locally Resonant Sonic Materials. Science, 289(5485), 1734-1736. doi:10.1126/science.289.5485.1734Hirsekorn, M., Delsanto, P. ., Batra, N. ., & Matic, P. (2004). Modelling and simulation of acoustic wave propagation in locally resonant sonic materials. Ultrasonics, 42(1-9), 231-235. doi:10.1016/j.ultras.2004.01.014Hirsekorn, M. (2004). Small-size sonic crystals with strong attenuation bands in the audible frequency range. Applied Physics Letters, 84(17), 3364-3366. doi:10.1063/1.1723688Umnova, O., Attenborough, K., & Linton, C. M. (2006). Effects of porous covering on sound attenuation by periodic arrays of cylinders. The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, 119(1), 278-284. doi:10.1121/1.2133715Hu, X., Chan, C. T., & Zi, J. (2005). Two-dimensional sonic crystals with Helmholtz resonators. Physical Review E, 71(5). doi:10.1103/physreve.71.055601Tournat, V., Pagneux, V., Lafarge, D., & Jaouen, L. (2004). Multiple scattering of acoustic waves and porous absorbing media. Physical Review E, 70(2). doi:10.1103/physreve.70.026609Chen, Y.-Y., & Ye, Z. (2001). Theoretical analysis of acoustic stop bands in two-dimensional periodic scattering arrays. Physical Review E, 64(3). doi:10.1103/physreve.64.036616Sanchis, L., Cervera, F., Sánchez-Dehesa, J., Sánchez-Pérez, J. V., Rubio, C., & Martínez‐Sala, R. (2001). Reflectance properties of two-dimensional sonic band-gap crystals. The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, 109(6), 2598-2605. doi:10.1121/1.1369784Håkansson, A., Sánchez-Dehesa, J., & Sanchis, L. (2004). Acoustic lens design by genetic algorithms. Physical Review B, 70(21). doi:10.1103/physrevb.70.214302Sanchis, L., Håkansson, A., López-Zanón, D., Bravo-Abad, J., & Sánchez-Dehesa, J. (2004). Integrated optical devices design by genetic algorithm. Applied Physics Letters, 84(22), 4460-4462. doi:10.1063/1.1738931Håkansson, A., Cervera, F., & Sánchez-Dehesa, J. (2005). Sound focusing by flat acoustic lenses without negative refraction. Applied Physics Letters, 86(5), 054102. doi:10.1063/1.185271