Hábitos y valores del alumnado en centros de primaria de alta eficacia escolar

Diversas investigaciones concluyen que la educación en valores es una parte inseparable de la enseñanza efi caz y que se vincula con mejoras en el aprendizaje y el bienestar emocional y social del alumnado. Este trabajo pretende encontrar evidencias de la relación entre la educación en valores y la efi cacia escolar en escuelas de primaria del País Vasco. Se plantea conocer los hábitos y valores del alumnado de centros eficaces, escuelas que obtienen una puntuación media superior a la esperable una vez controlados, mediante modelos jerárquicos lineales, los efectos de las variables contextuales, e identificar buenas prácticas en el área. Se aplicó un cuestionario a 391 estudiantes (51.9% chicos y 48.1% chicas) y se realizaron entrevistas semiestructuradas a los Equipos Directivos de tres de estos centros. Los resultados confirman que el alumnado tiene una valoración positiva de su nivel de adquisición de hábitos y valores, pero se encontraron diferencias significativas en función del sexo. Además, el aprendizaje cooperativo es la estrategia más utilizada para educar en valores en las aulas. Se concluye el trabajo con las implicaciones para la práctica educativa derivadas tanto de las diferentes percepciones sobre los hábitos y valores, como de una actuación estereotípica de los géneros.Multiple research works conclude that values education is essential for any effective teaching, helps to improve students´ learning and their socioemotional well-being. The objective of this work is to fi nd evidence of the relationship between values education and school effectiveness in elementary schools in the Basque Country. In addition, it will identify the habits and values of elementary school students enrolled in those effective schools with a higher mean score than could be expected once the effects of contextual variables have been monitored by linear hierarchical models, and will pinpoint good practices in the area. A questionnaire was distributed among 391 students (51.9% boys and 48.1% girls) and semistructured interviews were carried out with management teams from three of the schools. The results confi rm that students assess their learning of habits and values positively, but signifi cant differences were found depending on the gender of the participants. Cooperative learning is the strategy most commonly used to teach values in the classrooms. This study offers pedagogical consequences stemming from the different perceptions of habits and values, as well as from a stereotypical performance of the genders

Towards a standardization of biomethane potential tests

8 PáginasProduction of biogas from different organic materials is a most interesting source of renewable energy. The biomethane potential (BMP) of these materials has to be determined to get insight in design parameters for anaerobic digesters. A workshop was held in June 2015 in Leysin Switzerland to agree on common solutions to the conundrum of inconsistent BMP test results. A discussion covers actions and criteria that are considered compulsory ito accept and validate a BMP test result; and recommendations concerning the inoculum substrate test setup and data analysis and reporting ito obtain test results that can be validated and reproduced.The workshop in Leysin, Switzerland, has been financed by the Swiss Federal Office for Energy, and co-sponsored by Bioprocess Control Sweden AB, Lund, Sweden. The authors thank Alexandra Maria Murray for editing the English

Vasodilator factors in the systemic and local adaptations to pregnancy

We postulate that an orchestrated network composed of various vasodilatory systems participates in the systemic and local hemodynamic adaptations in pregnancy. The temporal patterns of increase in the circulating and urinary levels of five vasodilator factors/systems, prostacyclin, nitric oxide, kallikrein, angiotensin-(1–7) and VEGF, in normal pregnant women and animals, as well as the changes observed in preeclamptic pregnancies support their functional role in maintaining normotension by opposing the vasoconstrictor systems. In addition, the expression of these vasodilators in the different trophoblastic subtypes in various species supports their role in the transformation of the uterine arteries. Moreover, their expression in the fetal endothelium and in the syncytiotrophoblast in humans, rats and guinea-pigs, favour their participation in maintaining the uteroplacental circulation. The findings that sustain the functional associations of the various vasodilators, and their participation by endocrine, paracrine and autocrine regulation of the systemic and local vasoactive changes of pregnancy are abundant and compelling. However, further elucidation of the role of the various players is hampered by methodological problems. Among these difficulties is the complexity of the interactions between the different factors, the likelihood that experimental alterations induced in one system may be compensated by the other players of the network, and the possibility that data obtained by manipulating single factors in vitro or in animal studies may be difficult to translate to the human. In addition, the impossibility of sampling the uteroplacental interface along normal pregnancy precludes obtaining longitudinal profiles of the various players. Nevertheless, the possibility of improving maternal blood pressure regulation, trophoblast invasion and uteroplacental flow by enhancing vasodilation (e.g. L-arginine, NO donors, VEGF transfection) deserves unravelling the intricate association of vasoactive factors and the systemic and local adaptations to pregnancy

The Helicobacter pylori Genome Project : insights into H. pylori population structure from analysis of a worldwide collection of complete genomes

Helicobacter pylori, a dominant member of the gastric microbiota, shares co-evolutionary history with humans. This has led to the development of genetically distinct H. pylori subpopulations associated with the geographic origin of the host and with differential gastric disease risk. Here, we provide insights into H. pylori population structure as a part of the Helicobacter pylori Genome Project (HpGP), a multi-disciplinary initiative aimed at elucidating H. pylori pathogenesis and identifying new therapeutic targets. We collected 1011 well-characterized clinical strains from 50 countries and generated high-quality genome sequences. We analysed core genome diversity and population structure of the HpGP dataset and 255 worldwide reference genomes to outline the ancestral contribution to Eurasian, African, and American populations. We found evidence of substantial contribution of population hpNorthAsia and subpopulation hspUral in Northern European H. pylori. The genomes of H. pylori isolated from northern and southern Indigenous Americans differed in that bacteria isolated in northern Indigenous communities were more similar to North Asian H. pylori while the southern had higher relatedness to hpEastAsia. Notably, we also found a highly clonal yet geographically dispersed North American subpopulation, which is negative for the cag pathogenicity island, and present in 7% of sequenced US genomes. We expect the HpGP dataset and the corresponding strains to become a major asset for H. pylori genomics

Hábitos y valores del alumnado en centros de primaria de alta eficacia escolar

Diversas investigaciones concluyen que la educación en valores es una parte inseparable de la enseñanza efi caz y que se vincula con mejoras en el aprendizaje y el bienestar emocional y social del alumnado. Este trabajo pretende encontrar evidencias de la relación entre la educación en valores y la efi cacia escolar en escuelas de primaria del País Vasco. Se plantea conocer los hábitos y valores del alumnado de centros eficaces, escuelas que obtienen una puntuación media superior a la esperable una vez controlados, mediante modelos jerárquicos lineales, los efectos de las variables contextuales, e identificar buenas prácticas en el área. Se aplicó un cuestionario a 391 estudiantes (51.9% chicos y 48.1% chicas) y se realizaron entrevistas semiestructuradas a los Equipos Directivos de tres de estos centros. Los resultados confirman que el alumnado tiene una valoración positiva de su nivel de adquisición de hábitos y valores, pero se encontraron diferencias significativas en función del sexo. Además, el aprendizaje cooperativo es la estrategia más utilizada para educar en valores en las aulas. Se concluye el trabajo con las implicaciones para la práctica educativa derivadas tanto de las diferentes percepciones sobre los hábitos y valores, como de una actuación estereotípica de los géneros.Multiple research works conclude that values education is essential for any effective teaching, helps to improve students´ learning and their socioemotional well-being. The objective of this work is to fi nd evidence of the relationship between values education and school effectiveness in elementary schools in the Basque Country. In addition, it will identify the habits and values of elementary school students enrolled in those effective schools with a higher mean score than could be expected once the effects of contextual variables have been monitored by linear hierarchical models, and will pinpoint good practices in the area. A questionnaire was distributed among 391 students (51.9% boys and 48.1% girls) and semistructured interviews were carried out with management teams from three of the schools. The results confi rm that students assess their learning of habits and values positively, but signifi cant differences were found depending on the gender of the participants. Cooperative learning is the strategy most commonly used to teach values in the classrooms. This study offers pedagogical consequences stemming from the different perceptions of habits and values, as well as from a stereotypical performance of the genders

Modeling the Transport of Human Rotavirus and Norovirus in Standardized and in Natural Soil Matrix-Water Systems

We modeled Group A Rotavirus (RVA) and Norovirus genogroup II (GII NoV) transport experiments in standardized (crystal quartz sand and deionized water with adjusted pH and ionic strength) and natural soil matrix-water systems (MWS). On the one hand, in the standardized MWS, Rotavirus and Norovirus showed very similar breakthrough curves (BTCs), showing a removal rate of 2 and 1.7 log10, respectively. From the numerical modeling of the experiment, transport parameters of the same order of magnitude were obtained for both viruses. On the other hand, in the natural MWS, the two viruses show very different BTCs. The Norovirus transport model showed significant changes; BTC showed a removal rate of 4 log10, while Rotavirus showed a removal rate of 2.6 log10 similar to the 2 log10 observed on the standardized MWS. One possible explanation for this differential behavior is the difference in the isoelectric point value of these two viruses and the increase of the ionic strength on the natural MWS