354 research outputs found

    How to create an organizational culture that promotes innovation - a case study at Siemens Industrial Turbomachinery AB

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    The purpose in this thesis is to construct a customized plan of action regarding how to improve the organizational culture for innovations. Siemens Industrial Turbomachinery Gas Turbine R&D experiences a successful past and present. They operate in a mature industry and have ascertained a need for improvement with innovations. Companies, likely SIT AB, that have practiced a successful past and are operating with a mature technology, often face the risk of being caught in the so called performance trap. The definition of a performance trap is a company that currently is performing well and experience sufficient growth, but is too occupied with its core business and forgets to search for those opportunities that will lead to future growth. The challenge for companies that are using mature technology is to be able to adopt new technology, i.e. perform radical innovations. Companies that have experienced successful pasts and are operating with mature technology, in mature industries, often face the risk of being caught in the performance trap. To increase radical innovations and not only incremental like improvements of products, companies and also SIT AB, need to develop a system or way of working to meet the challenge to avoid a performance trap. According to the academic theory of how to work with and support innovations, SIT GT R&D fulfills many factors that are essential to possess in order to promote innovation and creativity. The company has the necessary presumptions that are needed in order to generate innovations, but the presumptions are not sufficient enough and there is definitely room for improvement. SIT GT R&D, just like other companies in mature industries, faces the risk of being caught in a performance trap because they prioritize short time projects, with more immediate results and benefits, before the long term projects and solutions. Too become a more innovative organization changes need to be adopted, since innovation does not occur by itself just because the company states that it wants to be innovative. A plan of action for innovation is needed. The fours step solution presented in this thesis includes the following; Step one, clarify and implement a strategy for innovation. Step two; secure communication for innovation, e.g. effective communication between R&D and the market department. Step three; implement support systems for innovation, e.g. budget for innovation. Step four; provide the individual drivers and motivators needed for innovation, e.g. providing the employees with empowerment and autonomy. By implementing those steps that are presented in the plan of action, the organization will develop those capabilities and assets that are needed to promote innovations and to avoid a performance trap. This will not only lay the foundation for future survival but also bring along the potential of making the capability to generate innovations a signification competitive advantage

    To be or not to be engaged

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    Digital natives is an age group born into a digital world and who possesses little knowledge about a society without internet or social media. The increased usage of social media has made universities realize that an online social media presence is necessary to attract the attention of their digital native prospective students. Along with social media comes the necessity of create online engagement to interact with stakeholders. The main task for practitioners is to understand what impact digital communication has on the interaction and with stakeholders online. This study is investigating online public relations with emphasis on online engagement in the context of university recruitment. From a social constructivist perspective qualitative interviews have been made with both Swedish university communicators and Swedish upper-secondary school students in order to explain, contextualize and problematize how organisations work with digital communication on social media with an aim to create engagement and thereby build relations. The study settles in a discussion whether engagement is indispensable or not for social media employment.Digital natives is an age group born into a digital world and who possesses little knowledge about a society without internet or social media. The increased usage of social media has made universities realize that an online social media presence is necessary to attract the attention of their digital native prospective students. Along with social media comes the necessity of create online engagement to interact with stakeholders. The main task for practitioners is to understand what impact digital communication has on the interaction and with stakeholders online. This study is investigating online public relations with emphasis on online engagement in the context of university recruitment. From a social constructivist perspective qualitative interviews have been made with both Swedish university communicators and Swedish upper-secondary school students in order to explain, contextualize and problematize how organisations work with digital communication on social media with an aim to create engagement and thereby build relations. The study settles in a discussion whether engagement is indispensable or not for social media employment

    Barriers to organizational learning: a case study of a change project

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    An attempt is made in this article to identify the success and failure factors in organizational change and learning process. The empirical study was made by following an organization-wide project that aims at changing pricing practices in highly decentralized sub-units through the efforts of corporate head office. The results show that the highly decentralized organizational structure and the independent financial status of the sub-units have proved to be the barriers to learning and change. In this paper we outline those barriers of organizational learning that occurred in the case of study

    La Diada de Catalunya 2012 : En produkt av Het Nationalism eller Banal Katalanism?

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    Catalonia is a nation with it's own language, its own culture, own policy and own history it is said. A non-independent nation that is living it's ordinary life flagging its banal symbols as if it al ready was an independent state. Some catalanistas assert that this kind of weirdness could be the death row for Catalonia and its future as in independent nation of its own. They state that it is only through an implementation of ”hot” nationalism, not banal, that independence is accomplished. La Diada 2012 – the national day of Catalonia was a day when around 1.000.000 protesters walked the streets of Barcelona waiving the Catalan flag, shouting phrases with one clear message, independence. A complexity between banal and hot nationalism was demonstrated this day. However, through the banal symbols present at La Diada 2012, Catalonia showed it is not Spain, and through this a hot movement arose to fight to find an escape from Spain. Previous years La Diada may have been hot but 2012 was the year when banal catalanism once again became “hot” Catalan Nationalism

    Stigande havsnivÄers pÄverkan pÄ hotade groddjur

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    Climate change and biodiversity loss are two of the major challenges of our time, and are strongly interconnected. Sea level rise is a consequence of these and a significant threat to global coastal habitats. This study assesses these issues in detail in the context of the ongoing EU Life project ‘SemiAquatic Life’, which aims to recreate habitats for semi aquatic fauna such as amphibians and insects. The project creates wetlands, including coastal ones. This paper shall evaluate the risks posed by sea level rise for amphibians targeted by the project; and how rising sea levels may threaten the objectives of conservation measures. The study demonstrates that all locations of the planned wetlands investigated are threatened by a sea level rise of 2 meters above current sea level. Some already face a current threat of inundation if the sea level rises by 1 to 1.5 meters. According to the latest climate research models, the mean sea level will not peak to these levels in the upcoming decennials. However, wetlands face a higher risk of temporary flooding, and despite this process being natural, the frequency of flooding will increase as a consequence of rising mean sea levels. Temporary flooding by sea water creates problems for amphibian reproduction due to the intrusion of salt water and predatory fish. However, the amphibians targeted in this project have different tolerance to salinity, making some species more vulnerable to sea level rise than others. Future conservation planning should consider the risks posed by mean sea level rise and temporary floods.Kan hotade groddjur bevaras nĂ€r havet höjs? KlimatförĂ€ndringarna vĂ€ntas leda till höjda havsnivĂ„er. En konsekvens av detta Ă€r att kustnĂ€ra livsmiljöer riskerar att försvinna. Groddjur Ă€r en artgrupp som kan drabbas av detta, dĂ„ de Ă€r beroende av fiskfria smĂ„vatten med lĂ„g eller ingen salthalt. ÖversvĂ€mningar med havsvatten skulle kunna riskera att förstöra dessa miljöer. DĂ€rför har jag undersökt om det har tagits tillrĂ€ckligt med hĂ€nsyn till den hĂ€r risken i ett projekt dĂ€r nya vĂ„tmarker skapas för att skydda hotade groddjur. I gruppen groddjur ingĂ„r grodor, paddor och salamandrar. De lever bĂ„de pĂ„ land och i vatten under sina liv och har en tunn hud som de kan andas genom under vattnet. Det hĂ€r gör att groddjuren Ă€r kĂ€nsliga för höga halter av föroreningar i bĂ„de luft och vatten. DĂ€rför Ă€r det ett tecken pĂ„ en god miljö nĂ€r groddjuren mĂ„r bra. MĂ„nga av de vĂ„tmarker som groddjuren lever i har försvunnit, bland annat eftersom man har velat torrlĂ€gga marken för att fĂ„ bra jordbruksmark istĂ€llet. I SkĂ„ne genomförs flera Ă„tgĂ€rder för att rĂ€dda hotade groddjur. Ett exempel pĂ„ det Ă€r projektet SemiAquatic Life, som det hĂ€r examensarbetet har gjorts i samarbete med. Det Ă€r ett internationellt samarbete mellan Tyskland, Danmark och Sverige. Inom projektet ska vĂ„tmarker anlĂ€ggas i elva Natura 2000-omrĂ„den runtom i SkĂ„ne och fem av dem ligger kustnĂ€ra och lĂ„glĂ€nt och skulle dĂ€rför kunna riskera att bli översvĂ€mmade. Ett vĂ€xande hot mot groddjuren Ă€r att kustnĂ€ra livsmiljöer kan drabbas av översvĂ€mningar till följd av klimatförĂ€ndringar. Det kan bĂ„de vara permanenta översvĂ€mningar nĂ€r medelhavsnivĂ„n höjs och temporĂ€ra översvĂ€mningar eftersom högvatten ocksĂ„ blir högre. MedelhavsnivĂ„n i Öresund, dĂ€r de planerade vĂ„tmarkerna ligger, förvĂ€ntas stiga med ungefĂ€r 20–50 cm till Ă„r 2050–2070. Relativt vanliga högvatten, som intrĂ€ffar med en sannolikhet pĂ„ en gĂ„ng per 2 Ă„r respektive en gĂ„ng per 10 Ă„r, kommer dĂ„ att bli 110–190 cm. Genom en kartanalys har jag undersökt vid vilken havsnivĂ„ de planerade vĂ„tmarkerna blir översvĂ€mmade vilket visade att i princip alla vĂ„tmarkerna blir översvĂ€mmade vid 2 meters havsnivĂ„höjning, men redan vid 1 eller 1,5 meters höjning kan vissa av vĂ„tmarkerna bli översvĂ€mmade. Det Ă€r en nivĂ„ som inte förvĂ€ntas intrĂ€ffa som medelhavsnivĂ„ inom de nĂ€rmsta decennierna, dĂ€rmed Ă€r sannolikheten att habitaten försvinner helt Ă€r lĂ„g. DĂ€remot kan temporĂ€ra högvatten nĂ„ sĂ„ höga nivĂ„er. Slutsatsen av detta Ă€r att det Ă€r troligt att det intrĂ€ffar temporĂ€ra översvĂ€mningar av de undersökta vĂ„tmarkerna, medan permanenta översvĂ€mningar inte Ă€r ett lika stort problem. FrĂ„gan Ă€r dĂ„ om detta Ă€r en risk som man bör ta hĂ€nsyn nĂ€r man planerar bevarandeĂ„tgĂ€rder för groddjur. Exakt hur hög salthalten blir i en vĂ„tmark nĂ€r en vĂ„g spolar över och trĂ€nger in Ă€r svĂ„rt att förutspĂ„. Dessutom intrĂ€ffar högvatten oftast pĂ„ hösten och vintern, medan groddjuren lever pĂ„ land under dessa Ă„rstider. Det gör att det ocksĂ„ spelar roll om vattnet hinner Ă„terstĂ€llas till en sötvattensmiljö tills att groddjuren ska leka under vĂ„ren och sommaren. Olika groddjur tĂ„l olika halter av salt vilket gör att exempelvis de vĂ„tmarker som Ă€r planerade för strandpadda och grönflĂ€ckig padda förmodligen inte har lika stort behov av att ta hĂ€nsyn till kommande havsnivĂ„höjningar – medan vĂ„tmarker för arter som knappt tĂ„l nĂ„got salt alls, sĂ„som större vattensalamander och lökgroda behöver utformas med större eftertanke

    Territorial Cohesion in Europe: for the 70th Anniversary of Transdanubian Research Institute

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    Dagens standardiserade revisionsberĂ€ttelse har kritiserats för att den innehĂ„ller alltför knapphĂ€ndig information. Dessutom presenterar den enbart att revisorn tagit ett passivt ansvar i sitt granskningsarbete och ger inte revisorn möjlighet att ta ett aktivt ansvar vid författandet av revisionsberĂ€ttelsen. För att förbĂ€ttra detta har IAASB beslutat att införa ett nytt avsnitt, Key Audit Matters, dĂ€r revisorn förvĂ€ntas redogöra för vĂ€sentliga risker och svĂ„righeter i revisionen. Genom att undersöka vilka omrĂ„den som utgör Key Audit Matters idag och hur dessa kommuniceras bĂ€st i revisionsberĂ€ttelsen förvĂ€ntas studien analysera relationen mellan revisorers ansvar och deras instĂ€llning till revisionsberĂ€ttelsen. För att fĂ„ en djupare förstĂ„else för forskningsfrĂ„gan genomförs en kvalitativ studie dĂ€r sju auktoriserade revisorer intervjuas frĂ„n Sveriges fyra största revisionsbyrĂ„er. Studien visar att de omrĂ„den som idag utgör Key Audit Matters framförallt bestĂ„r av bedömnings- och vĂ€rderingsfrĂ„gor, vĂ€sentlighetsbedömningar och oegentligheter. Vidare anser inte revisorerna att det Ă€r viktigt att kommunicera i revisionsberĂ€ttelsen och de har sĂ„ledes en passiv instĂ€llning till denna. Detta indikerar till att KAM kommer bli standardiserad och att IAASB inte kommer fĂ„ sina förvĂ€ntningar uppfyllda

    Arbetsterapeuters erfarenheter av att arbeta i team i kommunal hemsjukvÄrd

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    Det har visat sig att arbetsterapeutens roll i team kan vara otydlig bĂ„de för arbetsterapeuten sjĂ€lv och för övriga professioner i teamet. Detta kan ses som problematiskt dĂ„ tidigare studier visat pĂ„ att ett effektivt teamarbete frĂ€mjas av att varje professions kompetens fĂ„r komma till sin fulla rĂ€tt. Syftet med denna studie var att undersöka hur arbetsterapeuter beskriver sina erfarenheter av att arbeta i ett team med andra professioner. En kvalitativ ansats anvĂ€ndes och datainsamlingen skedde genom halvstrukturerade intervjuer. Åtta arbetsterapeuter verksamma inom olika kommuner i södra Sverige deltog i studien. Kvalitativ innehĂ„llsanalys anvĂ€ndes och resultatet visade pĂ„ att deltagarna överlag beskrev teamarbete som nĂ„got positivt. Hur vĂ€l teamarbetet fungerade ansĂ„g pĂ„verkas av olika faktorer som framförallt berörde gruppens dynamik, engagemang och struktur. Deltagarna beskrev bĂ„de positiva och negativa erfarenheter av bemötandet av deras profession och kompetens. De beskrev en kĂ€nsla av att bli vĂ€rdesatta, men ibland upplevdes det att deras specifika kunskap inte uppfattades i sin helhet av de andra

    ”Vi vill placera ett barn i en sĂ„ normal familj som möjligt” : En kvalitativ studie om familjehemssekreterares erfarenheter av samkönade familjehem

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    Authors: Linn Andersson and Malin Olsson Title: “We want to place a child in such a normal family as possible”- A qualitative study of social workers experiences of same-sex foster care parents. [Translated title] Supervisor: Kristina Göransson Assessor: Gabriella Scaramuzzino In contemporary swedish society there are many different ways of “making” family beyond the so-called nuclear family, such as single parent families or same sex families. In what ways are these variations of family formation visible in the foster care system? The aim of this study was to examine social workersÂŽ experiences of working with same sex families in the foster care system. The purpose was also to analyze how social workers define and conceptualize the notion of a “suitable” foster care home. To obtain our results, we used a qualitative method containing semi-structured interviews with seven social workers in two cities located in the south of sweden. Our theoretical framework was informed by a social constructivist approach and in particular the analytical notions of heteronormativity, queer theory and intersectionality. The analysis of the empirical data indicates a relative shortage of same-sex foster homes in general and limited experiences among the social workers of handling same-sex families. Challenges that the social workers faced when seeking to place a child in a same-sex family include prejudices against homosexuals from the birth parents. In this regard, cultural and religious differences may be an aggravating factor. Although the social workers had a positive attitude towards same-sex couples as foster caregivers, they recognized that norms and prejudices in society impacts the foster care system

    Ensuring the Supremacy of Federal Law: Why the District Court Was Wrong in Westside Mothers v. Haveman

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    Bakgrund MellanmĂ„l Ă€r ett begrepp som kan innefatta allt som förtĂ€rs utöver frukost, lunch och middag. I Sverige finns inga tydliga rekommendationer om mellanmĂ„l. Individers matvanor pĂ„verkas av samhĂ€llets normer och personer i umgĂ€ngeskretsen. Det Ă€r vanligt att en förĂ€ndring av matvanorna sker under studietiden och att matvanorna som skaffas dĂ„ ofta behĂ„lls under resten av livet. Syfte Syftet med studien var att undersöka studenters förestĂ€llningar om och attityder till mellanmĂ„l. Metod Åtta semistrukturella, individuella intervjuer genomfördes i UmeĂ„ med studenter (fem mĂ€n och tre kvinnor) frĂ„n Sveriges lantbruksuniversitet och UmeĂ„ universitet. Rekryteringen skedde muntligt vid de tvĂ„ universiteten. Varje intervju spelades in och transkriberades ordagrant. Materialet analyserades med hjĂ€lp av kvalitativ innehĂ„llsanalys. Resultat Informanterna hade olika syn pĂ„ vad mellanmĂ„l var för nĂ„got och nĂ€r det behövdes. Vissa tyckte att mellanmĂ„l var nĂ„got bra medan andra inte sĂ„g nĂ„gon poĂ€ng i att Ă€ta mellanmĂ„l. Tidsbrist och dĂ„lig planering sĂ„gs som de största orsakerna till att inte Ă€ta mellanmĂ„l. Informanterna ansĂ„g att umgĂ€nget spelade roll för mellanmĂ„lskonsumtionen. Informanterna uppgav att en persons kroppsform och vad den Ă„t pĂ„verkade hur de sĂ„g pĂ„ personen. NĂ„gra av de kvinnliga informanterna tog upp vikthetsen i samhĂ€llet och berĂ€ttade att den gjorde att de inte ville Ă€ta vad som helst. Slutsats Studenter har varierande förestĂ€llningar om vad mellanmĂ„l Ă€r för nĂ„got och nĂ€r det bör konsumeras. Utbud, sociala normer och umgĂ€ngeskrets pĂ„verkar i stor utstrĂ€ckning studenters Ă„sikter och agerande kring mellanmĂ„l. För att se om det behövs allmĂ€nna rĂ„d om mellanmĂ„l samt hur dessa ska förmedlas behövs det mer forskning om sociala normer och mellanmĂ„l, men ocksĂ„ om vad det finns för hĂ€lsofördelar med mellanmĂ„l.Background In-between meals can include anything consumed between breakfast, lunch and dinner. There are no explicit recommendations about in-between meals in Sweden. Dietary habits are affected by social norms and peers. Usually dietary habits change during college or university. The eating habits created during this time is often kept for the future. Objective Examine students’ ideas about and attitudes towards in-between meals. Method Eight semi-structured individual interviews were held with students from Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences and UmeĂ„ University. The participants were recruited by the authors at both Universities. The interviews were recorded and transcribed word by word. The data collection was analyzed using a qualitative content analysis. Results The participants had different views about in-between meals. Some believed in-between meals was a good thing while others thought it was pointless. Lack of time and bad planning were the biggest reasons not to have in-between meals. The participants described that their friends and acquaintances affected their in-between meals. The participants believed that a person’s body shape and what they ate affected how they saw that person. Some of the female participants brought up social pressure about weight and how it restrained their food choices. Conclusion Individuals greatly differed in their opinions towards in-between meals and when it should be consumed. Assortment, social norms and peers was affecting student's thoughts and action towards in-between meals. More research is required to see if there is a need for general advice about in-between meals and how they should be mediated. More research is also required about social norms and in-between meals, but also about their health benefits

    Spectroscopic and magnetic studies of wild-type and mutant forms of the Fe(II)- and 2-oxoglutarate-dependent decarboxylase ALKBH4

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    The Fe(II)/2OG (2-oxoglutarate)-dependent dioxygenase superfamily comprises proteins that couple substrate oxidation to decarboxylation of 2OG to succinate. A member of this class of mononuclear non-haem Fe proteins is the Escherichia coli DNA/RNA repair enzyme AlkB. In the present work, we describe the magnetic and optical properties of the yet uncharacterized human ALKBH4 (AlkB homologue). Through EPR and UV–visible spectroscopy studies, we address the Fe-binding environment of the proposed catalytic centre of wild-type ALKBH4 and an Fe(II)-binding mutant. We could observe a novel unusual Fe(III) high-spin EPR-active species in the presence of sulfide with a gmax of 8.2. The Fe(II) site was probed with NO. An intact histidine-carboxylate site is necessary for productive Fe binding. We also report the presence of a unique cysteine-rich motif conserved in the N-terminus of ALKBH4 orthologues, and investigate its possible Fe-binding ability. Furthermore, we show that recombinant ALKBH4 mediates decarboxylation of 2OG in absence of primary substrate. This activity is dependent on Fe as well as on residues predicted to be involved in Fe(II) co-ordination. The present results demonstrate that ALKBH4 represents an active Fe(II)/2OG-dependent decarboxylase and suggest that the cysteine cluster is involved in processes other than Fe co-ordination
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