Quantum magnetism in strongly interacting one-dimensional spinor Bose systems

Strongly interacting one-dimensional quantum systems often behave in a manner that is distinctly different from their higher-dimensional counterparts. When a particle attempts to move in a one-dimensional environment it will unavoidably have to interact and 'push' other particles in order to execute a pattern of motion, irrespective of whether the particles are fermions or bosons. A present frontier in both theory and experiment are mixed systems of different species and/or particles with multiple internal degrees of freedom. Here we consider trapped two-component bosons with short-range inter-species interactions much larger than their intra-species interactions and show that they have novel energetic and magnetic properties. In the strongly interacting regime, these systems have energies that are fractions of the basic harmonic oscillator trap quantum and have spatially separated ground states with manifestly ferromagnetic wave functions. Furthermore, we predict excited states that have perfect antiferromagnetic ordering. This holds for both balanced and imbalanced systems, and we show that it is a generic feature as one crosses from few-to many-body systems

Probability models of wastewater treatment plant operation

Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/21834/1/0000237.pd

The outcomes of recurrent wide-necked intracranial aneurysms treated with the Woven EndoBridge (WEB): A retrospective bicenter study

Background: The Woven EndoBridge (WEB) is a device for the treatment of intracranial wide-necked bifurcation aneurysms. The safety and effectiveness of WEB for intracranial aneurysms have both been evaluated in previous trials. Our aim was to study the outcomes of recurrent intracranial aneurysms (IAs) treated with WEB.Methods: Clinical and radiological outcomes of patients with a wide-necked aneurysm recurrence, which was treated with WEB device, were assessed. Imaging follow-up was performed with digital subtraction angiography and/or magnetic resonance angiography. Aneurysm occlusion was determined using by the Raymond-Roy Occlusion Classification (RROC). RROC 1 and RROC 2 were considered as adequate radiological outcome.Results: Twenty-two patients with 23 recurrent IAs were treated with WEB. Of which, 17 of recurrent IAs (74%) previously treated by coiling, three (13%) by clipping and three (13%) by WEB. The most common location of the recurrent IA was the middle cerebral artery (n = 10, 43%). Endovascular treatment with WEB alone was suitable for 20 recurrent IAs (87%). Ancillary devices were also used: coils in two (9%), and a stent in one (4%). Radiological follow-up results available for all patients (range: 3-60 months; median 24 months). Adequate occlusion (RROC I and II) was achieved in 20 recurrent IAs (87%). A hemorrhagic complication occurred 2 weeks post treatment in one patient (5%).Conclusions: WEB could be an effective treatment with low rates of complications for challenging cases of recurrent wide-necked IAs.</p

Mapping Climate Change Vulnerabilities to Infectious Diseases in Europe

Background: The incidence, outbreak frequency, and distribution of many infectious diseases are generally expected to change as a consequence of climate change, yet there is limited regional information available to guide decision making

Cancer and stroke : commonly encountered by clinicians, but little evidence to guide clinical approach

The association between stroke and cancer is well-established. Because of an aging population and longer survival rates, the frequency of synchronous stroke and cancer will become even more common. Different pathophysiologic mechanisms have been proposed how cancer or cancer treatment directly or via coagulation disturbances can mediate stroke. Increased serum levels of D-dimer, fibrin degradation products, and CRP are more often seen in stroke with concomitant cancer, and the clot retrieved during thrombectomy has a more fibrin- and platelet-rich constitution compared with that of atherosclerotic etiology. Multiple infarctions are more common in patients with active cancer compared with those without a cancer diagnosis. New MRI techniques may help in detecting typical patterns seen in the presence of a concomitant cancer. In ischemic stroke patients, a newly published cancer probability score can help clinicians in their decision-making when to suspect an underlying malignancy in a stroke patient and to start cancer-screening studies. Treating stroke patients with synchronous cancer can be a delicate matter. Limited evidence suggests that administration of intravenous thrombolysis appears safe in non-axial intracranial and non-metastatic cancer patients. Endovascular thrombectomy is probably rather safe in these patients, but probably futile in most patients placed on palliative care due to their advanced disease. In this topical review, we discuss the epidemiology, pathophysiology, and prognosis of ischemic and hemorrhagic strokes as well as cerebral venous thrombosis and concomitant cancer. We further summarize the current evidence on acute management and secondary preventive therapy.Peer reviewe