Gestión institucional y trabajo colaborativo de los trabajadores de la Escuela “Francisco García Avilés” Guayaquil, Ecuador, 2020

La investigación titulada “Gestión Institucional y Trabajo Colaborativo de los trabajadores de la Escuela Francisco García Avilés, Guayaquil, 2020”, presentó como objetivo determinar la relación entre la Gestión Institucional y el Trabajo Colaborativo en la Escuela “Francisco García Avilés”, Guayaquil, Ecuador, 2020. La investigación se sustentó en las teorías de la administración educacional de Kaufman (1988) y la teoría de la interdependencia social de Johnson (1999). El diseño de la investigación es no experimental, con enfoque cuantitativo y el nivel de investigación fue correlacional, la muestra la conformaron 34 trabajadores de la unidad educativa y se utilizó dos cuestionarios para medir la gestión institucional con 30 ítems y medir el trabajo colaborativo con 22 ítems. Los datos fueron procesados en programa SPSS22. Los resultados de la investigación demuestran que el 79,4% de los encuestados calificaron las variables gestión institucional y trabajo colaborativo en el nivel alto. Y el 8,8% calificaron a la variable gestión institucional en el nivel medio y a la variable trabajo colaborativo en el nivel alto. Se llegó a la conclusión que existe relación significativa entre la gestión institucional y el trabajo colaborativo en trabajadores de la Escuela “Francisco García Avilés”, Guayaquil, Ecuador, 2020, lo cual se demuestra en la tabla 9 con los valores Rho de Spearman igual a 0,604** y una Sig. = 0,000

Coaching educativo, el logro Académico y el desempeño laboral en la Facultad de Ciencias Sociales y Humanidades de la Universidad Nacional de Educación Enrique Guzmán y Valle - 2018

De acuerdo a la aplicación de los instrumentos de ficha de observación prueba estandarizada y cuestionario para evaluar las variables coaching educativo, logro académico y desempeño laboral, respectivamente, se aplicó esta investigación de diseño descriptivo correlacional. Se consideró la muestra, en el caso de los docentes, con los criterios: significatividad y manejo de grupos, lo que facilitó el tamaño muestra de docentes en 28 docentes; considerando 7 docentes por cada Departamento Académico. Esta cifra equivale al 10 % de la población considerada. En estudiantes se definió alrededor del 5 % de la población total, quedando como muestra de trabajo: 60 estudiantes, 15 estudiantes por Escuela profesional, en el tratamiento estadístico se utilizó la estadística descriptiva e inferencial, mediante la prueba no paramétrica. En conclusión evidenciaron, los resultados del coeficiente de Spearman indica una correlación significativa de la variable dependiente Coaching Educativa (con significancia 0,003 < 0,05)con respecto a las variables “Desempeño laboral” y “Logro Académico”, es decir que las variables se correlacionan en sentido directo, a valores bajos, además según la correlación de Rho de Spearman = 0,535 (X1*Y) representa una correlación moderada alta, Rho de Soearman = 0,516 (X2*Y) representa una correlación moderada alta y Rho de Spearman = 0,808 (X3*Y) representan una correlación positiva alta.According to the application of the standardized test and questionnaire observation sheet instruments to evaluate the variables of educational coaching, academic achievement, and job performance, respectively, this research with a correlational descriptive design was applied. The sample was considered, in the case of teachers, with the criteria: significance and group management, which facilitated the sample size of teachers in 28 teachers; considering 7 teachers for each Academic Department. This figure is equivalent to 10% of the population considered. In students, around 5% of the total population was defined, leaving as a work sample: 60 students, 15 students per professional school, in the statistical treatment descriptive and inferential statistics were used, through the non-parametric test. In conclusion, they evidenced, the results of the Spearman coefficient indicate a significant correlation of the dependent variable Educational Coaching (with significance 0.003 <0.05) with respect to the variables “Work performance” and “Academic achievement”, that is to say that the variables are correlate in a direct sense, at low values, in addition, according to the correlation of Spearman's Rho = 0.535 (X1 * Y) it represents a moderate high correlation, Soearman's Rho = 0.516 (X2 * Y) represents a high moderate correlation and Spearman's Rho = 0.808 (X3 * Y) represent a high positive correlation

Escaneado de artefactos religiosos con un escáner de luz estructurada

[EN] The digitization process for religious artifacts is subject to inherent difficulties often ignored in theoretical models or pipelines. In this paper we aim to describe these problems, which are present in practical environments such as temples and churches, using white light scanners instead of other common devices or technologies such as laser scanners and photogrammetry. Our case study is based on the digitization of two religious statues belonging to a Catholic brotherhood located in a village of the Province of Jaén (Spain), one of them presenting especially several limitations. After performing the scanning process with a portable hand-held scanner, the images captured were processed until the final models were acquired. On the basis of the results obtained, we discuss the problems arising after using well-known procedures for the reconstruction of 3D models, their causes and some possible solutions to achieving a correct digitization. It should be noted that it is not the aim of this study to establish procedures for the digitization of religious artifacts, but rather to transmit the inherent constraints of these types of scenes.[ES] Los modelos teóricos de digitalización 3D no tienen en cuenta problemas de escenarios específicos como el de la digitalización de objetos religiosos. El objetivo de este artículo es describir estos problemas presentes en entornos prácticos como templos o iglesias usando un escáner de luz blanca en lugar de otros instrumentos o tecnologías comunes como los escáneres láser y la fotogrametría. Nuestro caso de estudio se basa en la digitalización de dos tallas religiosas pertenecientes a una cofradía de una localidad de la provincia de Jaén (España), siendo especialmente restrictiva una de ellas. Tras el procedimiento de escaneado llevado a cabo con un escáner de mano, las capturas se procesaron usando procedimientos clásicos de reconstrucción de modelos 3D hasta obtener los resultados finales. Basándonos en los resultados obtenidos realizamos una discusión de los problemas, causas y posibles soluciones para llevar a cabo una correcta digitalización. Cabe destacar que el objetivo del artículo más que establecer un flujo de trabajo es el de presentar las restricciones que presentan este tipo de entornos.This study has been partially supported by the Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación and the European Union (via ERDF funds) under the research project TIN2014-58218-R, and by the University of Jaén through the research project UJA2015/08/10Graciano, A.; Ortega, L.; Segura, RJ.; Feito, FR. (2017). Digitization of religious artifacts with a structured light scanner. Virtual Archaeology Review. 8(17):49-55. doi:10.4995/var.2016.4650SWORD4955817Wang, K., Lavoué, G., Denis, F., & Baskurt, A. (2011). Robust and blind mesh watermarking based on volume moments. Computers & Graphics, 35(1), 1-19. doi:10.1016/j.cag.2010.09.01

La actualización de los límites de bajo riesgo del alcohol: una oportunidad para mejorar la implementación de las estrategias de identificación precoz e intervención breve en España

Alcohol; Alfabetización; Prevención; Epidemiología; Políticas públicasAlcohol; Alfabetització; Prevenció; Epidemiologia; Polítiques públiquesAlcohol; Health literacy; Prevention; Epidemiology; Public policiesEste trabajo pone en contexto la reciente actualización para España de los límites de bajo riesgo del consumo de alcohol, que se sitúa en los 20 g/día en el caso de los hombres, y en 10 g/día en el caso de las mujeres. En este sentido, se resumen algunos datos sobre el impacto en la salud individual y los costos sociales del consumo alcohol. Así mismo, plantea los retos que se derivan en relación a la alfabetización en salud de la población y de los profesionales de la salud en cuanto a los riesgos del consumo de alcohol. El artículo también repasa las implicaciones de la nueva definición en cuanto a las políticas más rentables para disminuir los daños asociados al consumo de alcohol. Este repaso se hace desde una perspectiva de salud pública, haciendo especial hincapié en cómo aprovechar la oportunidad para promover mejor la implementación de las estrategias de identificación precoz e intervención breve en el consumo de alcohol en el ámbito de la atención primaria de salud en nuestro país.This work places in context Spain’s recent update of the defined limits for low risk alcohol consumption to 20g/day for men and 10g/day for women, and summarizes data on the impact on individual health and the social costs of alcohol consumption. Furthermore, it considers the challenges that arise related to awareness of the risks of alcohol consumption, in the general population and among health professionals. The paper also reviews the implications of the new definitions in relation to the most effective policies for reducing alcohol-related harm. It looks at this from a public health perspective with particular emphasis on how to seize the opportunity to better promote the implementation of strategies for early identification and brief interventions in primary care in this country

Carprofen Permeation Test through Porcine Ex VivoMucous Membranes and Ophthalmic Tissues forTolerability Assessments: Validation andHistological Study

Carprofen (CP), a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID), is profusely used in veterinary medicine for its analgesic and anti-inflammatory activity. Some undesirable effects are associated with its systemic administration. Alternative local routes are especially useful to facilitate its administration in animals. The main aim of this paper is to validate the suitability of ex vivo permeation experiments of CP with porcine mucous membranes (buccal, sublingual and vaginal) and ophthalmic tissues (cornea, sclera and conjunctiva) intended to be representative of naïve in vivo conditions. Chromatographic analysis of CP in membrane-permeated samples and drug-retained have been validated following standard bioanalytical guidelines. Then, recovery levels of drugs in tissue samples were assessed with aqueous phosphate buffered saline (PBS) buffer to preserve the histological integrity. Finally, as a proof of concept, a series of CP permeation tests in vertical Franz diffusion cells has been performed to evaluate permeation flux and permeability constants in all tissues, followed by a histological study for critical evaluation. Furthermore, synthetic tissue retention-like samples were prepared to verify the value of this experimental study. Results show linear relationships with good determination coefficient (R2 > 0.998 and R2 > 0.999) in the range of 0.78 to 6.25 mg/mL and 3.125 mg/mL to 100 mg/mL, respectively. Low limits of quantification around 0.40 µg/mL were allowed to follow permeation levels until a minimum of 0.40% of the locally-applied dose. This method showed a good accuracy and precision with values lower than 2%. After the recovery technique, reproducible values below 30% were achieved in all tissues, suggesting it is a non-damaging method with low efficiency that requires the use of further solvents to enhance the extraction percentages. After permeation and histology tests, no relevant peak interferences were detected, and no cell or tissue damage was found in any tissue. In conclusion, results demonstrate the suitability of this test to quantify the distribution of CP with good histological tolerability

Alcohol and older people: the European project VINTAGE: good health into older age; design, methods and major results

Consum d'alcohol; Persones grans; Disseny de recercaConsumo de alcohol; Personas mayores; Diseño de investigaciónAlcohol drinking; Aged; Research designObjectives: The European project VINTAGE – Good Health Into Older Age aims at filling the knowledge gap and building capacity on alcohol and the elderly, encouraging evidence- and experience-based interventions. Methods: Systematic review of scientific literature on the impact of alcohol on older people; ad hoc survey and review of grey literature to collect EU examples of good practices for prevention; dissemination of findings to stakeholders involved in the field of alcohol, aging or public health in general. Results: Design and procedures of the VINTAGE project are described, providing also an outline of major results, with particular attention to those related to the dissemination activity. Conclusions: Much more information and research is needed. This issue should be part of both alcohol and healthy ageing policies.The VINTAGE project “Good Health into Older Age” is a project funded by the Executive Agency for Health and Consumers, under the European Commission Second Programme of Community Action in the Field of Health 2008-2013 (Grant Agreement no. 20081203)

Implementing training and support, financial reimbursement, and referral to an internet-based brief advice program to improve the early identification of hazardous and harmful alcohol consumption in primary care (ODHIN): study protocol for a cluster randomized factorial trial

Alcohol; Intervencions breus; Sistema sanitariAlcohol; Intervenciones breves; Sistema sanitarioAlcohol; Brief interventions, Primary healthcareBackground: The European level of alcohol consumption, and the subsequent burden of disease, is high compared to the rest of the world. While screening and brief interventions in primary healthcare are cost-effective, in most countries they have hardly been implemented in routine primary healthcare. In this study, we aim to examine the effectiveness and efficiency of three implementation interventions that have been chosen to address key barriers for improvement: training and support to address lack of knowledge and motivation in healthcare providers; financial reimbursement to compensate the time investment; and internet-based counselling to reduce workload for primary care providers. Methods/design: In a cluster randomized factorial trial, data from Catalan, English, Netherlands, Polish, and Swedish primary healthcare units will be collected on screening and brief advice rates for hazardous and harmful alcohol consumption. The three implementation strategies will be provided separately and in combination in a total of seven intervention groups and compared with a treatment as usual control group. Screening and brief intervention activities will be measured at baseline, during 12 weeks and after six months. Process measures include health professionals’ role security and therapeutic commitment of the participating providers (SAAPPQ questionnaire). A total of 120 primary healthcare units will be included, equally distributed over the five countries. Both intention to treat and per protocol analyses are planned to determine intervention effectiveness, using random coefficient regression modelling. Discussion: Effective interventions to implement screening and brief interventions for hazardous alcohol use are urgently required. This international multi-centre trial will provide evidence to guide decision makers.The research leading to these results or outcomes has received funding from the European Community’s Seventh Framework Program (FP7/2007-2013), under Grant Agreement nº 259268 – Optimizing delivery of healthcare intervention (ODHIN). Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre received co-funding from The Netherlands Organisation for Health Research and Development (ZonMW, Prevention Program), under Grant Agreement nº 200310017

Virtual reality simulation of a quadrotor to monitor dependent people at home

Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) represent an assistance solution for home care of dependent persons. These aircraft can cover the home, accompany the person, and position themselves to take photographs that can be analyzed to determine the person's mood and the assistance needed. In this context, this work principally aims to design a tool to aid in the development and validation of the navigation algorithms of an autonomous vision-based UAV for monitoring dependent people. For that, a distributed architecture has been proposed based on the real-time communication of two modules, one of them in charge of the dynamics of the UAV, the trajectory planning and the control algorithms, and the other devoted to visualizing the simulation in an immersive virtual environment. Thus, a system has been developed that allows the evaluation of the behavior of the assistant UAV from a technological point of view, as well as to carry out studies from the assisted person's viewpoint. An initial validation of a quadrotor model monitoring a virtual character demonstrates the advantages of the proposed system, which is an effective, safe and adaptable tool for the development of vision-based UAVs to help dependents at home.This work was partially supported by Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades, Agencia Estatal de Investigación/European Regional Development Fund under PID2019106084RB-I00 and DPI2016-80894-R grants, and by CIBERSAM of the Instituto de Salud Carlos III

An estimation of the social cost of illicit drug consumption in Catalonia

Drogas ilegales; Coste de la enfermedad; Costes sociales; Planes nacionalesDrogues il·legals; Cost de la malaltia; Costos socials; Plans nacionalsIllegal drugs; Cost of illness; Social costs; National plansWorldwide, as well as in Spain, the use of illegal drugs is among the major contributors to the global burden of disease. Quantifying the costs that illegal drugs impose on society is key in terms of decision-making. The objective of this paper is to estimate the social cost of illicit drug consumption in Catalonia for a specific year, and to establish a methodology to be able to replicate such estimations regularly and monitor properly the impact of national plans. To do that, a cost of illness study was performed. For the estimation of mortality and morbidity costs, we relied on the Attributable Fraction approach. Only public sector costs were included: healthcare and non-healthcare costs. The cost of illegal drug consumption in Catalonia in 2011 was estimated at €326.39 million (0.16% of the Catalan GDP in 2011; 0.15% in 2018). Of the total cost, 82% corresponded to direct costs. Among direct costs, 30.32% corresponded to the penal system, 15.99% to hospitalizations, 13.48% to the police force, 17.19% to pharmacy, 8.34% to treatment in specialized centres, and 5.74% to therapeutic communities, among others. Indirect costs represented 18% of total costs, mostly lost income due to drug-related death. This study has been an opportunity to systematically collect data and think about the potential economic returns that could be achieved from effective policies and programs aimed at reducing the consumption of illegal drugs.Mundialmente, así como en España, el consumo de drogas ilegales es uno los principales contribuyentes a la carga mundial de morbilidad. Cuantificar los costes que las drogas ilegales imponen a la sociedad es clave para la toma de decisiones. El objetivo de este trabajo es estimar el coste social del consumo de drogas ilegales en Cataluña para un año específico y establecer una metodología para poder replicar dichas estimaciones regularmente y monitorear el impacto de los planes nacionales. Se ha realizado un estudio de coste de la enfermedad. Para la estimación de los costes de mortalidad y morbilidad se ha utilizado el enfoque de la fracción atribuible. Solo se incluyeron los costes del sector público, sanitarios y no sanitarios. El coste del consumo de drogas ilegales en Cataluña en 2011 se estimó en € 326,39 millones (0,16 % del PIB catalán en 2011; 0,15 % en 2018). El 82 % del coste total correspondió a costes directos; de estos, el 30,32 % correspondió al sistema penal, 15,99 % a hospitalizaciones, 13,48 % a la policía, 17,19 % a farmacia, 8,34 % a tratamiento en centros especializados y 5,74 % a comunidades terapéuticas, entre otros. Los costes indirectos representaron el 18 % de los costes totales, principalmente pérdidas de productividad debidas a muertes por el consumo de drogas. Este estudio ha sido una oportunidad para recopilar datos de forma sistemática y pensar en los posibles rendimientos económicos que podrían obtenerse de políticas y programas efectivos destinados a reducir el consumo de drogas ilegales

Good practices for the prevention of alcohol harmful use amongst the elderly in Europe, the VINTAGE project

Consum d'alcohol; Prevenció; Persones gransConsumo de alcohol; Prevención; Personas mayoresAlcohol drinking; Prevention; AgedIntroduction: There is a lack of information about initiatives aimed at preventing the harm-ful effects of alcohol amongst the elderly. Objectives: One of the objectives of the VINTAGE study was to collect the initiatives carried out in Europe and review the published grey literature about this topic. Methods: Email-based survey addressed to researchers, professionals and policymakers, and internet search of grey literature. Results: Three hundred nine contacts were finally made, and 21 of the 36 collected initiatives were considered as useful in preventing the harmful use of alco-hol amongst the elderly. Out of the about 2900 references identified 96 were classified as relevant. Conclusions: Despite a growing interest, alcohol use in the elderly is not yet perceived as a major issue for prevention.The VINTAGE project Good Health into Older Age is a project funded by the Executive Agency for Health and consumers, under the European commission Second Programme of community Action in the Field of Health 2008-2013 (Grant Agreement no. 20081203